WO_3-Fe_2O_3异质结的制备及光催化活性

利用新型燃烧法和水热法分别制得α-Fe2O3及六方晶系无水WO3,再用溶剂分散法制得WO3-Fe2O3异质结.采用XRD,TEM,BET比表面积、紫外-可见漫反射谱 (DRS) 等技术对WO3-Fe2O3进行了表征,并以罗丹明B的光催化降解为探针反应, 评价了其光催化活性.结果表明,复合氧化物WO3-Fe2O3的粒子形态均为棒状,粒径约为80 nm,比表面积为46.91 m2/g;在可见光区有强吸收, 带隙估算为2.4 eV;对多种染料具有光催化降解活性,其中0.1 g WO3-Fe2O3(ω(Fe2O3 )=5%)在可见光作用下,100 mL 10 mg/L的罗丹明B降解率可达到97.73%, 表现出明显的可见光降解活性.通过计算半导体能带位置,讨论了光催化反应活性提高的机理.     

氟掺杂二氧化钛的制备及光催化性能

使用TiCl_4作为反应原料,NaF作为掺杂剂,采用无模板一步水热法合成了F掺杂的TiO_2样品.利用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、紫外-可见漫反射光谱等一系列手段对样品进行表征,并研究了F掺杂的TiO_2样品对罗丹明B的光催化降解活性.结果表明,F的掺杂使TiO_2吸收边发生红移,由396nm红移到685nm,带隙能由3.00eV减小到1.81eV,提高了催化剂对可见光的吸收能力.利用12W的蓝色LED灯作为光源,照射40min对罗丹明B降解率达到94.3%.     

BiPO4/Ag3PO4新型可见光催化剂的制备及其性能研究

采用共沉淀法,在不同焙烧温度下,以AgNO3,Bi(NO3)3·5H2O和NaH2PO4为原料合成了一系列不同BiPO4与Ag3PO4掺杂比例的BiPO4/Ag3PO4复合型光催化剂,采用紫外可见漫反射光谱、扫描电子显微镜、荧光光谱等技术对所得光催化剂的光吸收区间、形貌、光致发光等性质进行了表征.结果显示,这些光催化剂能吸收400～500 nm波长的光,是一类新型的可见光催化剂.通过罗丹明B的可见光催化降解评价了该类光催化剂的活性.随着掺杂比例的增大,光催化活性依次减弱;随着焙烧温度的升高,光催化活性先增强后减弱.焙烧温度为350 ℃,BiPO4与Ag3PO4的摩尔百分比为5%的光催化剂活性最高,在40 min内可将200 mL浓度为12 mg/L的罗丹明B溶液完全降解.     

EDTA对BiOI结构及光催化性能的影响

以Bi(NO_3)_3·5H_2O为Bi源、KI为碘源、乙二胺四乙酸二钠为添加剂,利用化学沉淀法制备出花状BiOI.通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、紫外-可见漫反射光谱等手段对样品进行表征,测试添加乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)制备的BiOI对罗丹明B的光催化降解活性.结果表明,添加EDTA的BiOI吸收边发生蓝移,带隙能由1.74 eV增加到1.80 eV,提高了催化剂对可见光的吸收能力.利用300 W的氙灯作为光源,添加量为8%(质量分数)时, 40 min罗丹明B的降解率为95.6%.捕获剂实验证明,·O~-_2和h~+是罗丹明B降解的主要活性物种.     

溶液共存阳离子对CdS光催化降解罗丹明B性能的影响

采用水热方法制备了纳米硫化镉光催化剂.借助粉末X-射线衍射(XRD),固体紫外可见漫反射光谱(DRS)对合成产物进行了表征.以纳米CdS和本体CdS作为可见光的光催化剂,用难降解的离子型染料罗丹明B为探针分子,讨论了溶液常见的共存金属离子种类、质量分数对CdS光催化降解罗丹明B的影响.结果表明:共存离子Cu2+对CdS光催化降解罗丹明B起抑制作用,Ag+对CdS光催化降解罗丹明B没有显著影响,而共存离子Fe3+ 和Pr3+ 能显著地提高纳米、本体CdS光催化剂降解罗丹明B的降解速率,最佳的离子质量分数分别为催化剂用量的0.5% 和10%.     

纳米TiO_2/玻璃纤维光催化降解罗丹明B的研究

利用负载纳米TiO_2的玻璃纤维对罗丹明B有机染料的光催化降解,分析纳米TiO_2的光催化降解性能.通过扫描电镜观察了纳米TiO_2样品的形貌,X射线衍射仪对所得样品进行结构分析,并用紫外可见分光光度计研究了纳米TiO_2光催化降解罗丹明B的效果.研究结果表明,纳米TiO_2对罗丹明B的光催化降解率受反应条件的影响较大.其最佳工艺条件:1.0×10~(-4)mol/L的罗丹明B溶液、Ti片质量0.05 g、400℃煅烧处理、反应液p H=0.     

四(4-磺基苯基)卟啉自组装催化剂的制备及其可见光光催化性能研究

本文以四(4-磺基苯基)卟啉(TPPS)与硝酸锌(Zn(NO3)2·6H2O)为原料制备了卟啉自组装催化剂(Zn-TPPS-Zn),利用紫外可见光谱对其进行光化学表征.在可见光下(λ≥420nm)照射下,以光催化降解染料罗丹明B(Rhodamine B,RhB)为探针反应,探讨了Zn-TPPS-Zn光催化过程中活化O2对RhB的光催化降解活性.实验表明,RhB光催化降解的最佳条件为:pH 6.89、催化剂投加量0.33g/L.催化剂循环实验表明Zn-TPPS-Zn在可见光下对RhB的降解具有一定的稳定性,但还需进一步改善.通过跟踪测定Zn-TPPS-Zn/RhB/Vis光催化反应体系中氧化物种(H2O2和·OH)相对含量的变化,表明其光催化反应主要涉及羟基自由基(·OH)历程.     

WO3纳米片的制备表征及其可见光下降解罗丹明B的研究

通过水热合成法制备氧化钨（WO₃）纳米片,采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、固体紫外漫反射（UV-vis）和X 射线光电子能谱（SEM-EDX）对WO₃纳米片进行表征,并通过实验研究了可见光下WO₃对溶液中罗丹明B（RhB）染料废水的光催化降解性能。实验结果表明：WO₃投加量为0.10g时,在150W氙灯模拟可见光照射4h条件下,对质量浓度为10mg/L,体积为100mL罗丹明B染料废水的光催化降解率达到88.3%。此结果说明制备的WO₃催化剂对罗丹明B染料废水具有良好的光催化活性。     

Nb_2O_5/CdS纳米粒子的制备及其光催化性能研究

通过简单的沉淀法合成了Nb2O5/Cd S纳米粒子,利用XRD、TEM、XPS对其进行了表征,采用制备的Nb2O5/Cd S纳米粒子在可见光照射下对罗丹明B进行了降解实验.结果表明:负载在Nb2O5表面上的Cd S粒径大小较均一,约为35 nm,在可见光照射下,Cd S质量比为20%的Nb2O5/Cd S纳米粒子光催化活性最佳,可见光照射下3 h对罗丹明B降解率为98%,经过3次循环利用,发现其具有良好的光催化稳定性.     

硫掺杂锡酸锶的制备及可见光催化性能

采用机械诱导固相反应法制备了硫掺杂锡酸锶;通过热重分析、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、紫外可见漫反射(UV-Vis DRS)、紫外可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)、X射线光电子谱(XPS)等对所合成的样品进行表征并以罗丹明B为目标降解物,考察了硫掺杂锡酸锶在模拟可见光照射下的催化活性.结果表明:合成产物的吸收边由紫外区域红移到了可见光区,有效地提高了其在可见光下降解罗丹明B的光催化活性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that