通花梗根多糖分离纯化及生物功能研究

以通花梗根为实验材料,对通花梗根多糖的分离纯化、含量测定和组分分离进行研究,探讨该多糖对小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响。采用正交实验设计选择提取通花梗根多糖的优化条件;采用碳粒廓清实验测定多糖对小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬功能的作用。实验结果显示:①提取通花梗根多糖的优化条件为:料水比为1:30,时间2 h,温度90℃;②乙酸铅用量在0.67%以上,可以除净糖液中的蛋白质,乙酸铅用量在0.31%~0.77%之间时,不仅可以排除蛋白质的干扰,而且不会影响多糖得率;③多糖溶液中含醇量达80%以上时,可以完全沉淀多糖;④乙醇分级沉淀该多糖,通过Sephadex G-100柱进行组分分离,得到7个洗脱峰;⑤通花梗根多糖组的碳粒廓清指数(K)和吞噬指数(α)显著高于模型组。实验结果表明,通花梗根多糖由7种单一多糖组分构成,具有提高小鼠单核巨噬细胞吞噬功能的作用,为进一步阐明通花梗根多糖的药理作用奠定了实验基础。     

淘米水发酵物中2种有机酸的测定

采用高效液相色谱法分析测定淘米水发酵液中的有机酸,确定了淘米水发酵液中有机酸分析测定的色谱条件,采用Agilent Zorbax SB-Aq(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm)色谱柱,流动相为1%甲醇-99%NaH_2PO_4溶液(20 mmol/L,pH=2.0);紫外检测波长210 nm;流速0.4 mL/min;柱温25℃.结果表明,在该条件下淘米水发酵液中的有机酸得到了较好分离,分离检测出乳酸、乙酸2种有机酸.该分析方法简单准确,适用于淘米水发酵液中有机酸的测定分析.     

中华蟾蜍肝细胞质膜ATP酶的组成种类及其性质

哺乳动物和肿瘤组织细胞质膜ATP酶的分布和性质已有报导,而有关两栖纲动物细胞质膜ATP酶的分布、性质还未见报导.本文研究了中华蟾蜍肝细胞质膜ATP酶,并对Mg~(++)-ATP酶的作用机制、胰岛素作用和Mg~(++)-ATP酶的关系作了探索. 中华蟾蜍肝细胞质膜的分离纯化:取中华蟾蜍肝,切成碎片,用缓冲液洗去血,每10克肝组织加入25ml 12mM、pH7.4的Tris-HCl缓冲液,用匀浆器进行匀浆.匀浆液于1500g离心15分钟,沉淀为细胞核和线粒体.上清液经66,000g离心90分钟,沉淀为微粒体.用70%的蔗糖将微粒体混匀,使其最后体积为52%.然后取13ml上述溶液放在硝     

胆固醇氧化酶的三相分离及其血清总胆固醇的测定

对一株胞外胆固醇氧化酶高产菌COX4-8进行了三相分离,结果表明:最优分离条件为:硫酸铵-异丙醇沉淀,硫酸铵饱和度为70%,异丙醇与发酵上清液的体积比为0.8∶1时,pH值为9,在20℃下静置30min,12 000r/min离心10min,纯化倍数4.5倍,回收率高达95%.酶动力学方法检测胆固醇氧化酶测定血清总胆固醇含量,其线性回归方程为y=0.006 4x+0.002 7,R2=0.965 4,线性范围0~7.16mmol/L.结果表明了该酶具有作为临床诊断试剂的潜力,并为临床上利用酶动力学方法测定血清总胆固醇含量奠定了实验基础.     

半夏蛋白的提取工艺及其凝集素的抑菌研究

运用正交试验和单因素比较试验,探讨半夏蛋白提取过程中各条件对蛋白质量浓度的影响,优化半夏总蛋白的分离纯化工艺.用DEAE-Sepharose FF离子交换层析对半夏凝集素进行分离、纯化、凝血鉴定,并进行抑菌效果的探究.建立半夏总蛋白的最佳提取工艺:称取适量新鲜半夏块茎,超声波处理20min,用1.5%NaCl溶液在4℃下静置抽提6h,提取1次后离心取上清并进行硫酸铵沉淀得到半夏总蛋白.凝集素对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制效果明显,对大肠杆菌的抑制效果一般.     

玉米秸秆纤维素高效分离工艺研究

采用有机酸混合液为溶剂、稀盐酸为催化剂,将玉米秸秆在常压下蒸煮,再经过氧化氢处理,将半纤维素和木质素与纤维素脱离,达到分离出纤维素的目的 .处理后的废液再经酸沉-醇析法,分离和回收半纤维素与木质素,实现秸秆资源的全组分分离.通过对纤维素分离工艺的探讨,确定了玉米秸秆组分分离实验的最佳工艺条件.结果表明,甲酸、乙酸和水体积比为30∶60∶10,反应温度90℃,反应时间4 h,粗纤维素以5%过氧化氢为溶剂,溶液pH为12,60℃条件下处理3 h,得到的纤维素纯度可达到94.2%,纤维素、木质素和半纤维素的回收率分别为88.9%、75.6%和28.5%.     

正交试验优化HPLC测定齐墩果酸与熊果酸的色谱条件

为建立简单、快速的分离测定齐墩果酸与熊果酸的HPLC方法,实验采用L16(44)的正交试验设计表,对HPLC分离测定齐墩果酸与熊果酸的主要影响因素(甲醇与水相的体积比、水相中乙酸和三乙胺的体积分数以及流动相流速)进行了优化.结果表明,以体积比为90∶10的甲醇与含有0.5%乙酸及0.01%三乙胺的水相混合溶液为流动相,流速为0.8 mL/min,齐墩果酸和熊果酸可以在16 min内得到有效分离,其工作曲线的线性范围对于齐墩果酸为2.5～340.0μg/mL,对于熊果酸为5.0～340.0μg/mL.将方法应用于女贞子和山楂中齐墩果酸和熊果酸含量的测定,相对标准偏差均小于2.0%,加样回收率均在95%～105%之间.     

三聚氰胺的HPLC-DAD检测新方法研究

待测样品以适量1%三氯乙酸溶液提取,2%乙酸铅溶液沉淀蛋白,离心后上清液经0.45 μm滤膜过滤后直接进行HPLC分析.据此建立了蛋白类保健食品中非法添加三聚氰胺的高效液相色谱-二级管阵列检测新方法.方法的线性范围为0.02～2.0 mg/L,r =0.999 5,检出限为0.14 ng.该方法简便、快速,灵敏度高,可准确排除阴性干扰,易推广应用.     

海带硫酸化多糖的提取及纯化

对海带硫酸化多糖的水提法与酶解法进行比较,发现酶提法效果较好,粗提得率较水提法提高了85.9%,纯化后得率提高了43.6%.纯化过程中,通过正交实验得出CTAB沉淀LPS的最佳最佳优化条件为1%粗糖液:5%CTAB(V/V)为3:2,沉淀时间6 h,离心时间12 min.经单因素实验确定了树脂D315的脱色条件为:1%多糖液与树脂的体积质量比为为100:1(V/W),脱色时间6 h,pH值5.0,温度40℃.     

适用沉淀法分离盐湖卤水镁锂比的确定及碳酸锂制备

采用氨水和氢氧化钠溶液两次沉淀除镁,可以实现高镁锂比的盐湖卤水的提锂和碳酸锂制备。实验结果表明:该法能够使镁锂比为40∶1的盐湖卤水得到较好分离。母液蒸发浓缩提锂后,在反应温度90℃,反应时间40 min,沉锂剂滴加速度25 mL/min条件下能够制得高纯度碳酸锂。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that