(±)─—氧化吲哚基乙酸的拆分及其绝对构型的确定

（±）－１．３－二甲基－５－甲氧基氧化吲哚基－３－乙酸（Ⅲ）是合成天然囊毒碱的关键中间体，以水作溶剂利用马钱子碱拆分可得光学纯对映体（－）－１，３－二甲基－５－甲氧基氧化吲哚基－３－乙酸（（ⅢＡ）和（＋）－１，３－二甲基－５－甲氧基氧化吲哚基－３－乙酸（ⅢＢ）并确定了对映体（ⅢＡ）和（ⅢＢ）的绝对构型，其手性碳原子绝对构型分别为和Ｓ和Ｒ．     

脑室微量注射兴奋性神经递质谷氨酸对消炎痛－胃溃疡的抑制效应

脑室微量注射兴奋性神经递质谷氨酸（Ｇｌｕ，１－７ｎｍｏｌ）可显著抑制小白鼠消炎痛－胃溃疡的发生（Ｐ＜０．０１），并呈现明显的剂量－效应依赖关系（ｒ＝－０．９３６，Ｐ＜０．０２）。腹腔注射Ｇｌｕ（１００ｎｍｏｌ）或尾静脉注射Ｇｌｕ（１００ｎｍｏｌ）对消炎痛－胃溃疡均无影响。胆碱能神经Ｍ受体阻断剂阿托品（ｓ．ｃ．０．０２ｍｇ·ｋｇ（－１））使溃疡明显加重，但它不能阻断Ｇｌｕ对消炎痛－胃溃疡的抑制效应。肾上腺素能神经α受体阻断剂酚妥拉明（ｉ．ｍ．２．５ｍｇ·ｋｇ（－１））对消炎痛－胃溃疡无影响，并且不能阻断Ｇｌｕ的抑制效应。以上结果提示，外源性Ｇｌｕ并非通过外周而是通过中枢特异性机制来抑制消炎痛－胃溃疡的。可能在消炎痛－胃溃疡发生中，边走神经紧张性活动对胃粘膜具有保护作用，而交感神经紧张性活动无作用。但Ｇｌｕ在中枢对消炎痛－胃溃疡的作用既不通过迷走神经，也不通过交感神经，而可能通过其它途径，如神经内分泌、血液循环等来抑制消炎痛－胃溃疡。     

β－环糊精－β－萘酚包结物的固相不对称氧化偶联反应

研究了β－环糊精包结中的β－萘酚在固相条件下的不对称氧化偶联反应，得到了光学纯度最高可达３４％的Ｒ－（＋）－１，１＇－联萘基－２，２＇－二酚。     

β—环糊清—β—萘酚包结物的固相不对称氧化偶联反应

研究了β－环糊精包结中的β－萘酚在固相条件下的不对称氧化偶联反应，得到了光学纯度最高可达３４％的Ｒ－（＋）－１，１－联萘基２，２－二酚。     

串珠镰孢菌诱导的棉花细胞的反应性氧迸发

串珠镰孢菌的孢子和细胞壁水解物可诱导棉花悬浮培养细胞产生反应性氧迸发．来自抗性品种豫棉８ 号的培养细胞表现为二次反应性氧迸发．培养细胞的生长状态、激发子浓度、反应介质中Ｃａ２＋ 和Ｋ＋ 等金属离子含量、Ｈ＋ －ＡＴＰ酶的抑制剂（钒酸盐）、ＮＡＤＰＨ 氧化酶抑制剂 （α－萘酚和８－羟基喹啉） 和人工电子受体Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）３－６ 均影响细胞的反应性氧迸发水平．     

由取代丙氨酸合成的光学活性β—氨基醇

有竽前手性酮立体选择性还原一种新催化剂，光学活性β－氨基醇（Ｓ）－２－氨基－３－（２，５－二甲苯基）－１，１－二苯基－１－丙醇（７）由（Ｓ）－Ｎ－乙酰基－３－（２，５－二甲苯基）－１－丙氨酸制得，丙氨酸衍生物的丙二酸酯法合成，然后经过酶拆分得到。     

（±）—氧化吲哚基乙酸的拆分及其绝对构型的确定

（±）－１，３－二甲基－５－甲氧基氧化吲哚基－３－乙酸（Ⅲ）是合成天然囊毒碱的关键中间体。以水作溶剂利用马钱子碱拆分可得光学纯对映体（－）－２，４－二甲基－５－甲氧基氧化吲哚基－３－乙酸ⅢＡ和（＋）－１，３－二甲基－５－甲氧基氧化吲哚基－３－乙酸（ⅢＢ），并确定了对映体（ⅢＡ）和（ⅢＢ的绝对构型，其手性碳原子绝对构型分别为Ｓ和Ｒ。     

超分子体系中的分子识别研究27.单-[6-(8-氧喹啉基)]-β-环糊精与模型底物分子识别的荧光光谱研究

采用荧光光谱滴定法测定了单－［６－（８－氧喹啉基）］－β－环糊精（２）与９ 种脂肪醇、３ 种脂肪酸和樟脑手性对映体在磷酸缓冲溶液中,２５℃时形成超分子配合物的稳定常数,并与母体β－环糊精（１）的分子键合能力进行了比较．研究结果表明,客体分子的结构与主体化合物空腔的尺寸匹配决定了所形成超分子配合物的稳定性,即范德华力和疏水相互作用是分子识别的主要驱动力,而氢键作用对超分子配合物的稳定性有重要影响．键合到β－环糊精主面的喹啉基不仅可以作为一种荧光光谱的探针,也可以识别客体分子的手性,其中对（＋ ）／ （－ ）－薄荷醇的对映体选择性高达４．４（ΔΔＧ°＝ － ３．６７ｋＪ·ｍ ｏｌ－ １）．     

中华鳖心的肾上腺素能受体类型

采用改良的八木氏插管法在３２个离体灌流的鳖心上，重点研究了对３种肾上腺素能受体激动剂的变时性反应．其亲和力顺序：ＩＳＯ＞Ｅ≥ＮＥ．ＮＥ（３．３３×１０－８ｇ）的正变时性作用可被ＰＲＯ（３．３３×１０－６ｇ）所阻断，ＰＨＥＮＴ（３．３３×１０－６ｇ）则无效．同浓度（３．３３×１０－８ｇ）的Ｅ与ＮＥ正变时性作用相近，明显强于ＳＡＬ．选择性α－受体激动剂ＭＥＴＨＯ无明显作用或略抑制．夏季与冬季的鳖心反应基本相同．提示鳖心的肾上腺素能受体主要为β－亚型而无α－受体．     

(2S,3S)和(2R,3R)紫杉醇侧链异构体的合成

合成了紫杉醇侧链的赤式外消旋体,首次采用（－ ）－α－苯基乙胺为拆分剂,拆分得到紫杉醇侧链的（２Ｓ,３Ｓ） 和（２Ｒ,３Ｒ） 两种立体异构体．光学纯度超过９０ ％ ．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with