图像分割研究综述

图像分割是图像处理到图像分析的关键步骤,也是进一步图像理解的基础。随着计算机技术的发展和普及,医学图像分割技术也经历了一个从人工分割到半自动分割和自动分割的逐步发展过程。人工分割、半自动分割都有着各自的缺点,而目前图像分割最常用、最经典的方法就是区域增长法和阈值分割法。     

基于颜色特征的彩色图像分割方法及其应用

研究彩色图像按照颜色特征进行分割的问题,应用颜色整合技术和二叉树分割技术,较好的兼顾了原图像的总体风貌和设计者希望保留的一些颜色信息,该算法可应用于电脑绣花中对图像进行自动打版处理,对一般的色彩量化问题和点阵图形转换成矢量图像的图像处理也具有重要意义。     

基于灰狼优化算法的PCNN中药材显微图像分割

为有效分割中药材显微图像的目标信息,提出了一种基于灰狼优化算法(Gray wolf optimization, GWO)的改进型脉冲耦合神经网络(Pulse coupled neural networks, PCNN)中药材显微图像自动分割方法。首先,从适应处理显微图像的角度出发对传统PCNN模型进行简化与改进;其次,在训练图像中提取香农熵值作为GWO的适应度函数来自适应调节PCNN关键参数——链接系数β,进而实现图像目标的最优分割;最后,将所提算法与聚类分割法、OTSU法、传统PCNN法进行了实验比较,并用骰子系数、体积重叠误差、相对体积、精确度和交并比等常用医学图像分割评判标准对4种处理方法做了客观评价。实验结果表明,所提方法能够实现图像的自适应分割,较好地保持了图像细节、纹理及边缘等信息,对不同显微图像分割准确度高,改善了图像的分割性能,具有较强的适用性。     

模糊Tsallis熵及其在图像阈值分割中的应用

对于图像处理、模式识别与计算机视觉来说,图像分割是一种重要的技术。在众多图像分割技术中,阈值化技术由于其简单及有效性得到了广泛应用,而阈值的选择则成为其中一个关键的问题。模糊集理论在许多领域得到了成功的应用,如,控制、模式识别、医学等。可以认为,在进行图像处理时,人们自然地把一些模糊因素考虑进来,如,图像边缘、区域、纹理等术语的定义。基于非广延统计力学熵原理,提出了构建模糊Tsallis熵,同时也证明了在图像分割中,模糊Tsallis熵是基于Shannon原理的模糊熵的推广。基于最大熵原则,把模糊Tsallis熵应用于图像阈值分割,在合成及真实图像分割实验中,显示了所提出的模糊熵的有效性。     

藏文乌金印刷体文本图像自动分割技术研究

藏文字符分割是藏文印刷体识别技术中的关键技术之一,高精度的字符分割是图像文本识别的主要因素,分割的效果直接影响最终的识别.该文通过研究藏文字形结构和文本图像分割技术,提出了投影法和连通域分割法相结合的藏文音节分割方法.在不同的喜马拉雅字体文本图像上分割测试准确率达99.31%,在卷积网络模型上藏文音节识别准确率比字丁高2.7%,表明藏文音节分割方法的有效性.     

图像分割技术的发展

图像分割是图像处理中的一项关键技术 ,也是一经典难题 ,从发展至今仍没有找到一个通用的方法 ,也没有制定出判断分割算法好坏的通过标准 .本文对图像分割方法中的域值分割方法、边缘检测方法和区域提取方法等作了一概述 ,并介绍了一些近年来出现的各种新方法和对分割评价标准的研究情况 .最后 ,指出了图像分割技术今后的发展方向     

图像分割技术的发展

图像分割是图像处理中的一项关键技术,也是一经典难题,从发展至今仍没有找到一个通用的方法,也没有制定出判断分割算法好坏的通过标准.本文对图像分割方法中的域值分割方法、边缘检测方法和区域提取方法等作了一概述,并介绍了一些近年来出现的各种新方法和对分割评价标准的研究情况.最后,指出了图像分割技术今后的发展方向.     

基于PCNN模型的区域生长图像分割

提出了一种结合区域生长算法和脉冲耦合神经网络进行图像分割的方法.该方法将待分割图像的像素点映射为PCNN模型中的神经元,把改进的脉冲耦合神经网络模型的点火频率同区域生长的理论结合起来进行图像分割.实验表明该方法分割的图像与传统的分割法相比具有边缘信息更加完整,区域划分更加准确,分割效果更能符合人眼视觉的识别特征.     

两种基于空间域聚类分析的彩色图像分割方法比较

综合研究了基于空间域聚类分析的图像分割方法 ,针对彩色显微颗粒图像特征 ,选择了两种阈值分割法———最大类间方差分割法和模糊聚类分割法 ,并对其进行了推广以应用于彩色图像分割。在详细分析各种彩色特征的前提下 ,通过选择合适的正交彩色特征量I1、I2和I3,成功地进行了两类彩色显微颗粒图像分割和目标提取。算到表明 :两种方法的提取精度相当 ,而最大类间方差法的计算速度明显要快 ,因此较模糊聚类分析法更为简洁有效     

基于分通道自适应理论的阈值分割算法及评价

针对传统图像分割方法中出现的分割精度低以及算法适用性欠佳等问题,该文提出了基于分通道自适应理论的阈值分割算法,并对分割结果进行对比评价。结合Welsh算法中的自适应理论对阈值分割法进行优化,将其运用到10组不同类型的图像分割当中,均取得良好的分割效果。对比7种传统分割算法与该文算法的图像分割结果,该文算法的均匀性测度评价值均大于0.95,准确率、召回率与轮廓精度的值均大于98%,4个评价指标值均接近于1且高于传统的分割算法。结果表明：该文算法使得分割精度得到了提升,且具有更优的适用性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that