MAP法去除焦化废水氨氮

介绍了焦化废水中氨氮的组成和MAP法去除焦化废水氨氮的原理。研究了pH值、反应温度、反应时间、沉淀时间和r(Mg2 )∶r(NH4 )∶r(PO43-)对氨氮脱除效果的影响。结果表明,在pH为9.5、水温为25℃、反应时间为20min、沉淀时间为15min、r(Mg2 )∶(rNH4 )∶(rPO43-)为1∶1∶1时对焦化废水中的氨氮有较好的去除效果。     

化学沉淀法脱除焦化废水中的氨氮

研究了pH值、温度、化学试剂Na2HPO4·12H2O和MgCl2·6H2O的加入量等对焦化废水中氨氮脱除效果的影响。实验结果表明,当焦化废水中添加的Na2HPO4·12H2O和MgCl2·6H2O使NH4+∶Mg2+∶PO3-4的比率为1∶1∶1时,在pH=8～10的条件下,无论是均合池的生化进水还是混沉池的生化外排水,都可以将其氨氮含量脱除至10mg/L以下。     

化学沉淀法处理高氨氮模拟废水的研究

利用沉淀剂Mg Cl2和Na2HPO4,以磷酸铵镁的形式去除高浓度氨氮模拟废水中的NH4+,考察了p H值、Mg∶N摩尔比对氨氮和无机磷去除率的影响,并对产物进行了电镜扫描(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)表征。结果表明:当p H值为9.0~9.2,n(Mg2+):n(NH4+):n(PO43-)摩尔比为1.1∶1∶1时,氨氮去除率和无机磷去除率可分别达到96.64%和95.55%,产物为斜方形结构的磷酸铵镁沉淀。可见,化学沉淀法能够满足氨氮高去除率的要求,方便后续进一步的生化处理,同时,沉淀产物可用作氮肥,降低废水的处理成本。     

化学沉淀法去除木薯制备酒精废水中氨氮的试验研究

针对NH_3-N质量浓度为500~900mg/L木薯制备酒精的废水,采用正交试验及单因素试验研究了用化学沉淀法去除废水中氨氮的工艺条件,结果表明:以MgCl_2·6H_2O和Na2HPO4·12H_2O为沉淀剂,在pH=9.0时废水溶液中PO_4~(3-)与Mg~(2+)和NH_4~+一起发生沉淀反应生成MgNH4PO4·6H_2O,从而达到去除废水中的氨氮的目的;影响废水中的氨氮去除率的因素依次为n(Mg~(2+):NH_4~+),反应时间,n(PO_4~(3-)∶NH_4~+)和pH值。最佳反应条件是当pH=9.0,n(Mg~(2+))∶n(NH_4~+)∶n(PO_4~(3-))=1.4∶1.0∶1.2,常温下反应30min,静置30min,该工艺条件下,对初始氨氮为644.5mg/L的木薯制备酒精的废水进行处理,其氨氮的去除率90%。     

NH4+-Mg2+-PO43--H+-H2O体系的固液平衡热力学

对NH4+-Mg2+-PO43--H+-H2O体系中固相MgNH4PO4,Mg3(PO4)2,MgHPO4及Mg(OH)2与液相间的热力学平衡关系进行计算,绘制溶液总镁与总磷摩尔比为1-1时该体系的lgcMg-pH图、lgcN-lgcMg图和lgcN-pH图,确定体系中各种固相稳定存在的pH值范围.结果表明,溶液中的氨氮浓度和pH值是影响固相稳定存在的重要因素,MgNH4PO4的稳定区随氨氮浓度的降低而变小并最终消失,当pH=8.5且MgNH4PO4与Mg3(PO4)2共存时,溶液中的氨氮平衡浓度最低.     

磷酸铵镁沉淀-SBR工艺处理生活垃圾渗滤液的研究

垃圾渗滤液是一种含有高浓度COD和氨氮的污水。本实验针对渗滤液的特点,研究了磷酸铵镁沉淀-SBR组合工艺处理渗滤液的运行状态。实验结果表明:在NH4+、Mg2+、PO43-的投配比m(NH4+∶Mg2+∶PO43-)为1∶0.4∶0.4的时实验结果最佳,运行稳定后SBR对CODCr、NH3-N和TP的去除率分别维持在75%、90%和70%左右。其中,CODCr去除率与活性污泥有机负荷呈线性关系,回归方程为:η=-233.29Fw+169.17。     

铜氨制药废水除铜脱氨预处理

研究了氟洛芬有机制药铜氨废水的除铜除氨预处理工艺.采用铁屑置换法对含铜废水进行除铜,除铜工艺的最优条件为,调节含铜废水的pH=2～3,投加3倍理论用量的铁屑,搅拌反应,反应时间为1.5 h,在反应过程中需保持反应液pH低于4,防止Fe3 大量生成重新溶解释出的铜.反应后铜浓度由712 mg/L降至9.2 mg/L,去除率为98.7%.为去除引入的铁盐,调节废水pH=5,鼓风曝气后,投加阴离子PAM,投加量为1 mg/L,混凝20 min后废水铁含量低于14mg/L.采用磷酸铵镁沉淀法对除铜后的混合废水进行除氨,除氨工艺的最优条件为,调节废水pH=9.0,MgCl2·6H2O和Na2HPO4·12H2O投加量为Mg2 :NH4 ·PO43-(摩尔比)=1:1:1,搅拌反应,反应时间20 min,反应后NH3-N浓度由991.5 mg/L降至101 mg/L,去除率为89.8%,剩余磷为6.1 mg/L.铁屑置换法与磷酸铵镁沉淀法的组合能有效去除铜氨,预处理后,废水BOD5/CODcr由0.07上升至0.34,可生化性有了很大提高,可以进入后续生物处理工艺.     

Fenton试剂法处理造纸废水的应用研究

用Fenton法对造纸废水进行处理研究,讨论了处理造纸废水的影响因素:pH值,H2O2的用量,Fe2+投入量, 搅拌时间,搅拌速度以及光照时间等对CODcr去除率的影响,得到最佳工艺条件:pH=6.00,H2O2(30%)的用量为8. 34 mL/L,FeSO4投入量为6.67 g/L,搅拌速度为280 r/min,紫外光照80 min后废水的CODCr去除率达85.3%,出水CODcr降到350 mg/L,达到国家造纸废水排放标准.     

沉淀法制备FePO4的形貌控制

分别以FeCl3·6H2O,FeSO4·7H2O和Fe（NO3）3·9H20为铁源,NH4H2PO4,H3PO4和（NH4）3PO4·3H2O为磷源,用沉淀法制备了FePO4．研究了沉淀过程中原料、pH值以及表面活性剂对FePO4形貌的影响．采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜分别对样品的物相、形貌进行表征．研究结果表明,FePO4的形貌控制可以通过铁源、磷源、表面活性剂的选择和pH值等的控制来实现．H3PO4为磷源,以FeCl3·6H2O为铁源,当pH〈l时,制备的样品为均匀的铁皮石斛形,加入PEG后为自组装的圆片状,当pH〉1时,形貌为鸟巢形;以FeSO4·7H2O为铁源制备的样品形貌也以鸟巢形为主;以Fe（NO3）3·9H2O为铁源制备的样品表现为花状;以FeCl4·6H2O为铁源、（NH4）3PO4·3H2O为磷源制备的样品为不规则的片状;以FeSO4·7H2O为铁源、NH4H2PO4为磷源时制备的样品为类球形．表面活性剂及其用量在一定程度上有助于片状FePO4的制备．     

利用粉煤灰作晶种预处理垃圾渗滤液

研究以粉煤灰为晶种,采用鸟粪石法预处理100,mL垃圾渗滤液的最佳条件.结果表明,当pH=7.5,n(Mg2+)∶n(NH+4)∶n(34PO-)=1.35∶1∶1.2,加入2,g粉煤灰作为晶种,在室温下搅拌反应20,min,垃圾渗滤液中氨氮的去除效果最好.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the