地铁车站深基坑开挖监测与数值模拟研究

以郑州市某地铁车站的深基坑工程为研究背景,运用有限元分析软件MIDAS/GTS NX建立整体有限元模型,对基坑开挖的每步施工过程进行数值模拟。探讨了深基坑开挖过程中地连墙的水平位移、周围地表沉降及内支撑轴力分布情况,用于判定深基坑在开挖过程中的稳定性和安全性。同时分别对深基坑开挖过程中周围的建筑物沉降、墙顶水平位移和沉降及支撑轴力进行了监测,并与数值模拟值进行对比。结果表明:理论计算值与现场监控值变化趋势基本一致,结果误差不大,均在设计报警值以内;墙体水平位移随着开挖深度增加而增大,且最大的位移逐渐向下移动,土体地表沉降的变形基本随着开挖深度的增大而逐渐增大,但内支撑轴力不随开挖深度的增大而增大,而是呈现波动的变化趋势;在深基坑开挖过程中,应重点对开挖引起的对墙体变形、地面过大变形和支撑结构内力进行监测。研究结果表明监控量测与数值模拟相结合能较好地运用于基坑开挖,也可为类似基坑工程的开挖提供一定的借鉴作用。     

沈阳地铁车站深基坑沉降变形特性

为揭示东北地区地铁车站深基坑沉降变形特性,以沈阳地铁下深沟车站深基坑工程为依托,采用理论分析和现场观测的方法,推导了适合沈阳地区深基坑的最大下沉点位置和最大下沉量的计算中关键参数地基土最大下沉角的公式及值,并得到基坑外地表沉降变形最大点位置和沉降量公式.研究结果表明,地基土最大下沉角的合理性和理论计算方法的可行性.研究结论初步突破了传统沉降变形预测的计算方法,有助于寻求沈阳乃至东北地区的地铁车站深基坑设计施工中沉降变形分析和预测的有效途径.     

天津市某医院深基坑工程变形特性及预测研究

依托天津地区软土大背景下的深基坑工程,对天津市某医院大尺度深基坑开挖施工过程中的现场观测数据进行理论分析,并利用FLAC~(3D)软件建立3D基坑模型并对基坑开挖支护全过程进行动态模拟,将软件计算结果与基坑现场监测数据进行对比。对比结果表明:模拟所得数值与现场观测数据规律较为贴切,随着基坑开挖进一步进行,外侧土体位移量逐步增加,当基坑开挖全部完成时,土体出现最大沉降量,桩顶水平位移与深层水平位移均满足监控测量标准的要求,说明所选取的支护结构等措施可以较好地控制基坑围护结构的变形并提出预测最大侧向位移的公式为后续类似工程提供一定的参考依据。     

富水砂卵石层地区桩锚支护深基坑变形特性

为研究富水砂卵石层地区桩锚支护深基坑变形特性,以成都某变电站深基坑工程为研究对象,基于现场监测结合数值模拟手段,对深基坑及支护结构的变形特征进行研究,揭示深基坑开挖引起的支护桩侧向变形、深层土体侧向变形、周边地表沉降及坑底隆起等变形规律。研究表明,基坑周边地表沉降规律具有显著的时效性与空间性,地表沉降曲线近似呈“凹槽”状分布,最大沉降量位于距坑壁水平距离6.0 m处,主要影响范围为2倍基坑深度;基坑开挖卸荷引起坑底隆起,最大隆起变形量约为基坑深度的0.49%,位于坑底中部。深层土体与桩身侧向位移曲线近似呈悬臂支护的变形特征,变形量随开挖深度的增加而增大,最大变形位于地表。     

降水开挖中深基坑变形数值分析

基于渗流理论,运用FLAC3D软件对南昌市某深基坑的开挖变形进行数值分析。通过模拟得到深基坑在不同开挖深度的水平位移、竖直位移分布规律,并进一步针对基坑在不同的支护措施下变形特征进行分析。研究结果表明:工程中所采用支护体系将坑外地表沉降及围护桩的变形控制在允许范围内,保证了基坑的稳定性,这可为基坑工程设计和施工提供参考。     

深基坑开挖对周边地表沉降变形的影响

为有效控制基坑周边地表的沉降变形,应用弹塑性大变形理论与有限差分理论,对哈尔滨地区桩-锚支护形式下深基坑开挖引起的周边地表沉降进行了数值模拟,分析了开挖深度、锚杆层数、建筑物距离对基坑周边地表沉降变形的影响规律及基坑周边地表沉降变形的量化范围。结果表明,基坑周边地表的沉降量与沉降范围随锚杆层数的增加而减小;建筑物的存在不仅增大了地表的沉降量,而且使基坑周围地表的最大沉降区向基坑方向移动;当建筑物与基坑的距离小于1.0倍基坑设计开挖深度时,建筑物距离对地表沉降变形的影响较明显;基坑开挖对周边地表的影响范围基本在与基坑边缘相距1.5倍基坑设计开挖深度范围之内。     

深基坑施工过程仿真及地表沉降量验证

为掌握深基坑施工引起地表沉降规律,确保深基坑工程质量和安全稳定性,以大连地铁某车站为研究背景,基于FLAC3D仿真技术构建车站深基坑土岩体摩尔-库仑弹塑性模型,对其土岩体变形和支护结构受力状况进行模拟分析,并结合现场实测数据进行对比检验,利用MATLAB绘制地表沉降对比分析曲线,从而找出地铁车站深基坑开挖过程中地表沉降量变化趋势.研究结果表明:由于基坑周围土体及地下岩层应力的影响,随着深基坑开挖工程推进到中期,地表沉降梯度增大.该研究成果可为合理预测地铁车站深基坑开挖过程中的地表沉降风险值,有效预防基坑施工事故提供技术支持.     

基于改进神经网络的深基坑工程变形预报

位移监测预报在深基坑工程信息化设计与施工中具有非常重要的意义.本文针对深基坑工程变形监测预报问题,将人工神经网络理论应用于深基坑工程的变形预测,建立了深基坑工程变形预报的改进人工神经网络模型,并编制了基于MATLAB的预报程序.最后以上海某深基坑工程为例,进行了深基坑开挖引起的地表沉降预测,预测结果表明,本文的方法具有较高的预测精度.     

考虑渗流应力耦合作用的深基坑开挖变形研究

基于土体渗流应力耦合效应及本构理论,针对某场地地下水埋深较浅、粉质黏土和粘土分布较厚的深基坑工程建立了相应开挖支护三维有限元模型.通过室内试验测定了基坑土体的修正剑桥本构关系参数并将修正剑桥本构关系应用于基坑开挖支护的数值模拟分析中.分别研究了基坑开挖过程中有无渗流-应力耦合效应的基坑整体变形、支护结构位移、坑外地表沉降及坑底回弹情况.研究结果表明:1含水粉质黏土和粘土采用修正剑桥本构关系较合适;2考虑渗流应力耦合作用时基坑支护结构水平位移、坑外地表沉降及坑底回弹量分别是未考虑渗流应力耦合作用时的0.57倍、0.07倍、0.59倍,基坑开挖变形应充分考虑渗流应力耦合作用;3坑底超前降水能显著减小坑底隆起.     

基坑开挖对邻近既有隧道变形的影响

以某深基坑项目为例,利用小应变硬化模型对基坑开挖全过程进行模拟计算,结合坑外土体三维应力和隧道位移监测结果,研究基坑开挖对邻近既有隧道变形的影响。结果表明：土体三维应力和隧道变形计算结果与实测数据基本吻合,说明了计算模型的可靠性;基坑开挖引起围护结构向基坑方向最大偏移量为25.8 mm,引起邻近基坑地表最大沉降量为17.7 mm;基坑开挖引起左线隧道向基坑方向最大水平位移约为2.3 mm,向深度方向最大位移约为1.3 mm,与实测值基本吻合,符合规范要求;左线隧道管片最大轴力约为680 kN,最大弯矩约为58 kN·m,隧道砌筑管片能够满足强度要求;基坑外不同位置的隧道在基坑开挖期间均向基坑方向偏移,竖向位移表现为上浮。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that