半导体热电材料Bi2Te3膜的电化学制备

研究了不同沉积电位对电化学生长半导体热电材料Bi2Te3膜沉积过程、膜形貌、结晶性及相结构的影响。利用I-V循环扫描曲线分别研究了纯Bi3 、纯Te4 及其两种离子的混合溶液电化学特性;应用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、电子能谱(EDS)对膜的微观表面形貌、相结构及成分进行了表征。研究表明:生长的样品为斜方六面体(rhombohedral)晶体结构的Bi2Te3,薄膜表面平整致密,为明显的柱状晶结构,具有(110)择优取向;沉积电位越接近还原峰最大电流处,膜的生长电荷效率越高,薄膜结晶性也越好。     

纳米SnO_2薄膜的制备、结构和性能研究

在真空度为 1 3 3 .3μPa时 ,用真空气相沉积方法在玻璃衬底上沉积 Sn O2 薄膜 .通过XRD、SEM等测试分析 ,研究了杂质掺杂及热处理前后的 Sn O2 薄膜的结构、晶粒尺寸、电学特性以及不同工艺条件对薄膜性能的影响 .结果表明 ,掺 Bi有效地抑制了晶粒生长 ,提高了薄膜的稳定性 .掺 Bi后 ,薄膜的电学特性增强 ,而掺 In、Cd则影响不大 .     

无模板电化学沉积生成附着一维针尖或二维薄膜结构的ZnO纳米柱阵列

采用无模板电化学沉积,以n型(100)硅片为衬底,生成ZnO纳米柱阵列,并在不同条件下进行二次生长,分别在纳米柱表面生成一维针尖与二维薄膜结构.通过场发射扫描电镜图片(FESEM)和x光散射谱(XRD)研究了二次生长机理.结果表明,电流密度高低控制Zn0二次生长形貌:大沉积电流在纳米柱表面生成沿c轴取向针尖;小电流则容易形成沿a轴取向薄膜结构.     

脉冲激光沉积法制备氧化铋薄膜及其电化学性质研究

首次采用355nm脉冲激光沉积在不锈钢基片上制备了氧化铋薄膜，X—射线衍射(XRD)测试表明在基片温度为300℃，沉积时间为0．5h制备得到的Bi2O3薄膜具有四方结构，SEM和Raman光谱测定对该Bi2O3薄膜的表面形貌和锂化前后的结构进行了表征，结果表明薄膜由小于100nm针状晶粒组成，锂化后的产物可能是LixBi2O3。此外，由电位阶跃法测定了上述Bi2O3薄膜电极的锂离子扩散系数。电化学测定表明，上述Bi2O3薄膜具有充放电循环性能,在电压范围为0．70～3．5V，该氧化铋薄膜在充放电速率为2C时的比容量大约为100mAh／g，并且保持经100次以上充放电循环而没有明显的衰减。     

不同表面活性剂对电沉积半金属Bi膜的影响

采用电沉积方法在氧化铟锡玻璃(ITO)基板上制备出Bi薄膜,研究了阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)、阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)以及非离子表面活性剂(Brij56)对Bi3+的循环伏安行为、Bi膜的结构以及表面形态等的影响.通过X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对Bi膜的表面结构形态进行了表征.结果表明,Brij56对Bi纳米颗粒的形态影响较小,以CTAB和SDS为添加剂可分别获得片状和树枝状结构的Bi纳米颗粒.     

退火温度对La0.8Bi0.2MnO3(LBMO)薄膜结构及性质的影响

用射频磁控溅射方法在Si[100]衬底上沉积了La0.8Bi0.2MnO3多晶薄膜,再在不同温度下进行退火热处理.使用XRD衍射仪、原子力显微镜(AFM)分别对薄膜微结构进行了表征,结果显示薄膜随着退火温度的升高逐渐晶化,晶体结构属于钙钛矿菱形结构;薄膜的表面致密、晶粒大小均匀,850 ℃退火的薄膜晶粒尺寸约40 nm 左右.薄膜的X射线光电子能谱(XPS) 测量表明薄膜中Bi 的价态为Bi3+和Bi5+.经过退火的薄膜在室温300 K、液氮77 K下都存在巨磁电阻效应.850 ℃退火的薄膜,温度为300 K和77 K、磁场为1.5 T条件下,磁电阻分别达到22.50%和26.98%.     

溶剂热法合成Bi2Te3低维纳米结构及其表征

以NaBiO3·2H2O和Te粉为反应物,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP K130)为形状调控剂,通过溶剂热法合成具有不同形状的Bi2Te3纳米低维结构.系统研究了反应溶剂、反应温度和时间对Bi2Te3纳米低维结构的形状有显著影响.研究结果表明,反应溶剂、反应温度和时间对Bi2Te3纳米低维结构的形状有显著影响.用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP K130)作形状调控剂,在乙二酵(EG)中于200℃下反应45小时,成功合成了Bi2Te3纳米方块.用X射线粉末衍射和透射显微镜技术对所制备纳米晶的成分、晶相、形状和尺寸进行了表征分析.     

拓扑绝缘体Sb_2Te_3和Bi_2Te_2Se薄膜电子结构的第一性原理研究

为理解拓扑绝缘体纳米薄膜的电子性质,采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算方法系统研究拓扑绝缘体Sb2Te3和Bi2Te2Se密排面(0115)薄膜由1层增加到5层的电子结构。通过计算发现对于Sb2Te3密排面(0115)薄膜,随着薄膜层数递增,G点的能隙逐渐减小,当膜厚为5层时,薄膜表现出金属态;Bi2Te2Se密排面(0115)薄膜电子结构也表现出类似的特性。研究结果表明:随着薄膜厚度的增加,Sb2Te3和Bi2Te2Se(0115)薄膜不具有体材料绝缘性,却表现出拓朴绝缘体表面无能隙的金属性。     

SiO2纳米颗粒对电化学沉积半金属Bi膜的影响

研究了SiO2纳米颗粒对电化学沉积半金属Bi膜沉积过程和膜形貌、结构的影响。利用I-V循环扫描曲线分析了未掺与掺入SiO2纳米颗粒后薄膜沉积过程的电化学特性，应用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线衍射（XRD）对膜的微观表面形貌及相结构进行了表征。实验结果表明。加入SiO2纳米颗粒引起电沉积过程中还原电势向正电位方向移动，使Bi^3＋离子的还原沉积更容易，但不对Bi膜的溶解电位产生明显影响。加入SiO2纳米颗粒后能显著影响沉积膜的形貌，其有明显细化晶粒的效果。总之，SiO2纳米颗粒的加入及加入量显著影响Bi膜的电化学沉积过程和形貌、结构。     

溶液中盐酸浓度对电化学沉积热电材料Bi1-xSbx薄膜结构的影响

以电化学和络合物化学理论为依据在室温条件下，采用恒电流电化学沉积技术直接在镀金硅基底上制备了热电材料Bi1-xSbx薄膜，探讨了溶液中盐酸浓度改变对沉积膜的影响。利用SEM、EDS和XRD对膜的微观表面形貌、组成和相结构进行了表征。研究发现，生长的Bi1-xSbx膜形貌、晶粒大小和结构都与溶液中盐酸浓度有关。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~