基于语义的汉语文献主题词提取算法研究

为了适应信息时代的迅速发展,提高从汉语文献中自动提取主题词的准确率,给出一种基于语义理解的汉语文献主题词自动提取算法模型.该模型以中文文本为处理对象,结合领域背景,构建概念语义网络作为分词词典和知识库,用概念之间的联系和匹配取代传统的字面匹配,克服了仅局限于表面形式的缺陷;把自然语言处理从目前基于关键词层面提高到基于知识的层面,从而在概念层次上理解文献主题,突破了传统的关键词匹配的局限,在一定程度上解决了词汇差异问题.该方法能对自然语言进行某种程度的语义理解,利用领域知识来实现主题词的规范标引.实验表明,采用本方法对测试文档进行主题词提取的准确率可达到71.03%,与传统方法相比提高了近1.87倍.     

基于"中文新闻信息分类与代码"文本分类

基于中文新闻信息分类体系,探索了中文新闻信息分类与代码的自动分类方法.根据中文新闻信息分类与代码的特点以及初始主题词满足的规则获得分类的初始主题词,利用获得的初始主题词构建中文新闻信息分类与代码体系的特征向量,将文本按该体系进行自动分类,分类结果采用人工抽样分析,一级类目的正确率为72%.     

中文口语开放域问答系统中问句分析处理方法的研讨

就汉语语言的特点,对中文口语自动问答系统中用户问句的处理方法作了系统的分析.提出了口语问句规范化处理的方法,使得系统能够对口语表达形式多样(甚至病句),但语义相同的问句可以采用相同的分析算法.同时此法所得出的规范化问句将反馈给用户,用于用户确认,实现了人机交互.规范化问句通过主题词的方法,确定搜索的知识源,明确和缩小了搜索范围,减少了对无用信息的搜索.     

本刊改用“关键词”为“主题词”

<正> 本刊从1992年第2期起,将原来使用的“关键词”改用“主题词”,这是根据有关部门的要求和为加快、准确的进行信息的传播而采取的一项重要措施.主题词应从《汉语主题词表》(自然科学部分)中选用.《汉语主题词表》是一部显示主题词与词间意义关系的规范化动态性的检索语言词表.它是沟通情报文献工作者与情报用户之间的思维桥梁,是自然语言与情报系统语言之间的媒介,同时又是人与计算机之间在进行情报存储与检索方面的联系工具. 《汉语主题词表》中的主题词主要是各学科领域文献中经常出现、在情报检索中有使用价值和一定的使用频率、能作为主题汇集一定量文献或具有叙词组配功能的名词术语;主题     

MapGIS数据向ArcGIS转换方法探讨

本文探讨了MapGIS数据格式向ArcGIS数据格式转换的过程.由于转换过程中造成的中文属性丢失问题,提出了图件与属性分开导出的方法.其中中文点属性直接在MapGIS中导出,中文线面属性需外挂数据库进行导出.总结了在ArcGIS中进行图件填充以及图件与属性连接的方法.为MapGIS向ArcGIS的数据转换提供了参考.     

我校罗海清发明电子计算机汉语中文信息处理取得突破性进展

我校副研究员罗海清,六十年代初从中文情报检索需要出发,步入汉语拼音文字研究.1972年仿日五十音图创造了汉语二十四音图.每个带调的汉语音节均只需1～3个字母拼写出来,它给手工检索资料带来莫大方便.八十年代初考虑计算机输入汉字,他又在拼音的基础上创造出AP(形声)字.每个音节(P)前面加一个表示该字形状的字母(A),即可输入/输出汉字,又可实现机器检索与手工检索一体化.然而AP字仍未解决汉字文本中词的切分问题.中文词的检索(关键词或主题词)需要手工标行,键盘输     

基于同义词词林的中文文本主题词提取

中文文本主题词的提取可以浓缩一篇文章,可以提炼一个中文网页,还可以帮助实现网上广告与网页的精确匹配。提出了一种基于同义词词林的中文文本主题词提取方法,不仅考虑了传统的影响主题词语权重的因素,还考虑到了同义词、相关词以及下位词的出现对于词语权重的影响。实验表明,用该方法对中文文本     

中文WordNet的研究及实现

提出了一种从英文WordNet转换生成中文WordNet的方法 ,并设计实现了中文WordNet的转换生成系统·论述了在构造中文WordNet的语义网络时 ,概念结点的转换原则 ,中文词形与词义映射关系的重新聚合 ,以及转换生成中文WordNet的可行性及转换中的相关问题 ,并给出了一种依据WordNet进行节点转换自消岐的方法     

标引主题词的方法

随着现代科学技术的飞速发展,科技文献数量急剧增长,种类繁多,内容庞杂,代谢频繁.手工检索已远不能适应形势发展的需要,计算机检索势在必行.而主题词标引是计算机检索的必备条件.主题词是专门为文献标引和检索而从自然语言的主要词汇中选出的、经过规范化的词,分类列于《汉语主题词表》和《医学主题词表》中.主题词标引就是把文献资料的主题内容和某些具有检索意义的特征,如研究对象、处理方法、研究与实验设备等,用主题词表中的主题词作为存贮和检索的标志.     

汉彝机器翻译探析

探讨汉语彝语机器翻译的方法与实现.阐述了课题研究的背景和意义,给出了技术实施中的时态转换的匹配规则,汉彝句型转换的翻译初步实践、汉语句子单词切分时的边界处理算法.从而实现对源语言汉语单词的切分检索,通过算法对语句进行调序,再结合彝族特定的语法、句型结构,最终生成目标语言彝语.即采用适合汉彝语法的句法结构转换再增减恰当的词汇来构成符合源语句语义信息的目标语句,从而达到汉彝机器翻译的基本层次.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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