镁合金基HA材料生物相容性及生物活性的研究

采用电泳沉积法制备了镁合金基羟基磷灰石表面涂层生物复合材料.利用动物体内埋植实验和SBF浸泡实验分别对复合材料生物相容性及生物活性进行研究.将SD大鼠分为对照组和植入组,植入一定的时间后,取植入物周围组织进行切片、HE染色和组织分析;将复合材料恒温浸泡于SBF溶液四周后取出,通过检测复合材料表面生长磷灰石的能力作为评价该材料的生物活性.实验结果是植入物周围出现组织增生,有结缔组织及新生血管的形成,未见明显的组织炎症反应,无多核的巨细胞、淋巴细胞和中性粒细胞等炎细胞的浸润;复合材料浸泡于SBF溶液后,复合材料表面形成一层类骨磷灰石.表明镁合金基羟基磷灰石生物复合材料无细胞毒性,不引起机体免疫反应,能诱导磷灰石的形成,具有良好的生物相容性及生物活性.     

影响α-TCP和HA生物陶瓷表面形成类骨磷灰石的形貌、结构的因素研究

以磷酸三钙（α-TCP）和羟基磷灰石（HA）生物陶瓷为研究对象,采用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究αTCP和HA在模拟体液（SBF）及磷酸盐缓冲液（PBS）中浸泡后表面类骨磷灰石的生长和形成,考察初始溶液的离子成分和浓度及陶瓷溶解性能对形成类骨磷灰石的形貌、结构的影响.实验表明：在SBF及PBS中浸泡后,HA仅在SBF中有少量的类骨磷灰石颗粒生成;α-TCP在SBF中表面形成类骨磷灰石颗粒,而在PBS中形成片状的磷酸八钙（OCP）,XRD和SEM结果分别从结构和形态学方面确认磷酸八钙在     

CaO-SiO_2/PAA复合膜的制备及其体外生物活性

以四水合硝酸钙为钙源、正硅酸乙酯为硅源(按CaO/SiO2摩尔比1∶1),采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出CaO-SiO2生物玻璃溶胶.采用压力诱导的方法将CaO-SiO2溶胶注入多孔阳极氧化铝(PAA)的纳米孔道中,经550℃热处理,得到CaO-SiO2/PAA复合膜.所得样品在模拟体液(SBF)中分别浸泡1和7d,观察其表面诱导形成类骨磷灰石的能力.通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线能谱仪(EDS)、傅里叶变换红外衍射仪(FTIR)对浸泡前后样品的微观形貌和成分进行表征.试验结果表明:钙硅基生物活性材料能够装载在PAA的纳米孔道中,并且装载有钙硅基材料的PAA在SBF中浸泡后能诱导类骨磷灰石的生成.     

可加工生物活性云母/氟磷灰石玻璃陶瓷的制备及生物活性

采用高温熔铸法制备可加工生物活性云母／氟磷灰石玻璃陶瓷；用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM／EDS）和傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱分析等手段对材料的相组成和微观形貌进行研究，测定材料的抗弯强度、硬度和断裂韧性等力学性能;采用体外模拟体液（SBF）浸泡法测试材料的生物活性。研究结果表明：氟磷灰石相呈针状，与人体骨和牙齿的磷灰石形貌相似，有利于提高材料的生物活性和生物相容性；氟磷灰石的形成是材料被迅速加热至高温进行熬处理，使磷灰石以螺旋位错生长机制沿c轴晶化长大所致；经热处理获得的材料具有优良的力学性能，基本满足骨科和齿科用生物材料的性能要求；材料在体外模拟体液中浸泡3d后，样品表面已有磷灰石层生成，表明谊材料具有较高的生物活性。     

羟基磷灰石在聚酰亚胺酸薄膜表面的生长

采用自行合成的聚酰亚胺酸(PAA)作为基体,分别采用模拟体液(SBF)浸泡、交互浸渍在CaCl2和K2HPO4·3H2O溶液中的两种方法,研究了羟基磷灰石的形成和生长.PAA薄膜在SBF中长时间的浸泡,难以促使磷灰石在其表面生成.而采用交互浸渍法,羟基磷灰石可以沉积在PAA薄膜的表面.所生成的羟基磷灰石通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)作了表征.     

钛合金经皮植入式假肢骨内固定植入体表面经生物陶瓷改性后与骨整合的研究

通过对钛合金经皮植入式假肢的的骨内固定植入体表面进行生物陶瓷改性,以研究经改性过的植入体与其宿主骨整合的能力.采用羟基磷灰石喷涂和微弧氧化两种生物陶瓷改性工艺,对骨内固定植入体进行改性处理,将改性过的植入体植入山羊后腿胫骨,术后8周取标本行组织学观察,见两种生物陶瓷改性的植入体均可与宿主骨形成严密整合.计算宿主骨组织与植入体整合率,发现经生物陶瓷表面改性的植入体与宿主骨组织整合率显著高于未经生物改性的对照组植入体(p＜0.01),而羟基磷灰石喷涂组和微弧氧化组与宿主骨整合率的差别无统计学意义(p＞0.05),说明羟基磷灰石和微弧氧化两种陶瓷层都具有很强的诱导骨生成能力,经其表面改性的骨内固定植入体能与宿主骨形成紧密整合.     

钛合金表面微弧氧化层生物活性改善

为了提高Ti2448钛合金表面的生物活性,通过在含钙磷溶液中进行微弧氧化和后续浓碱处理在其表面制备了多孔二氧化钛层.采用SEM、EDS、XPS和XRD分析了氧化层的组织性能.发现随着氧化时间的增加,钙磷含量增加,但生物活性改善不显著.经浓碱处理,氧化层表面产生了含大量羟基的微孔钛酸钠结构层（孔径约100nm）,P元素溶解.表层的羟基促进了体液中羟基磷灰石的形核,高含量的钙离子加速了羟基磷灰石的生长.经过20min氧化及碱处理样品（T20A）在模拟体液中浸泡7d即产生了类骨羟基磷灰石层,体现出良好的生物活性.     

钛／羟基磷灰石涂层的电沉积过程及其结构特征

采用电沉积方法在钛金属基底上形成磷酸钙盐涂层,涂层经低温碱液处理获取羟基磷灰石涂层。研究了电流密度、主盐浓度、电解液温度、沉积电量、低温碱液处理对涂层表面形貌的影响,并用SEM、ZRD和IR对涂层的组成和结构进行分析。结果表明：电沉积磷酸钙盐涂层经低温碱液处理后得到纯的羟基磷灰石涂层,羟基磷灰石晶体呈针状结构;随电流密度、主盐浓度的增加,晶粒变粗,随电解液温度的升高,晶体发生变化,出现鳞片状结构;涂层质量随沉积电量的增加而增长。     

生物玻璃涂层的体外模拟研究

采用亚音速火焰喷涂方法,在钛合金表面喷涂生物玻璃涂层,经后处理后进行体外模拟浸泡实验,测定重量和pH变化,通过SEM观察其在模拟体液中浸泡不同天数的表面形貌,分析涂层在浸泡过程中的变化和生物活性机理.试验表明:生物玻璃在模拟体液中浸泡不同时间后出现重量先减少然后增加的现象.在涂层表面形成新的生物活性涂层,成分可能为类骨磷灰石.     

聚多巴胺对氧化处理后钛合金表面沉积羟基磷灰石的影响

利用阳极氧化法和微弧氧化法分别对医用钛合金表面进行处理,再经聚多巴胺薄膜表面修饰后,利用仿生溶液矿化法制备羟基磷灰石生物活性涂层,并研究聚多巴胺对经不同氧化处理的医用钛合金生物诱导沉积能力的影响;采用场发射扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱仪和X射线衍射仪对经不同氧化处理及其生物诱导沉积羟基磷灰石涂层的表面形貌、元素组成和相结构进行表征分析.结果表明：阳极氧化和微弧氧化处理后的钛合金表面分别形成了纳米管和微米孔结构;再经聚多巴胺修饰后,可以显著提高羟基磷灰石涂层的生物诱导沉积能力,而且使得羟基磷灰石的排列致密、规则.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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