多阶段抽样回归估计及其样本量的选择

讨论多阶段抽样回归估计及其样本量选择问题 .给出了回归估计抽样均方误差的公式及其渐近无偏估计的公式 ,并在调查费用给定下 ,给出了在各阶段的样本量为等比例情况下 ,各阶段样本量最优选择的一般结果     

多阶段抽样比率估计及其样本量的选择

讨论多阶段抽样比率估计及其样本量选择的问题 ,给出了比率估计抽样均方误差的近似公式及其渐近无偏估计的公式 .在调查费用给定及各阶段的样本量为等比例分配情况下 ,给出了各阶段样本量最优选择的一般结果 .     

多阶段不等概抽样样本量的选择

在给定的费用函数下，当各阶段不等概抽样样本量分配为等比例分配时，讨论ｎ阶段不等概抽样样本量选择的问题，并给出了一般结果．     

基于0-1分布的公路机动车起讫点(OD)调查抽样

通过将单个调查点的OD调查抽象成0-1分布,分析了单个OD调查点调查精度要求、抽样率与调查点断面OD量本身特性之间的关系,研究了在简单随机抽样情况下单个OD调查点抽样率的确定方法, 给出了一定精度要求下的OD调查抽样率的推荐值,还比较了不同的抽样方法的抽样效率.结果表明:抽样率随着车流量的增大而减小,样本量则随着车流量的增大而增大,但当车流量足够大时,样本量将不再随着车流量的变化而变化;要求的置信水平越高,精度越高,抽样率越高,样本量也就越大;某一OD点对之间的量占的比例越大,满足该分布所需要的样本量越小;整群抽样的效率通常要比车牌号抽样和等距抽样的效率低,而分层抽样的效率则反之.     

指数分布下无替换定数截尾寿命二次抽样检验

根据计数型二次抽样检验以及指数分布下定数截尾寿命一次抽样的理论,讨论了指数分布下无替换定数截尾寿命二次抽样检验,并给出相应的抽样方案和接收概率.同时,在定数截尾二次抽样方案与一次抽样方案等效的情形下,比较了平均样本量的大小,得出新的二次抽样方案比一次抽样方案更节省样本量.     

统计抽样技术在审计测试中的应用

统计抽样在审计测试中的应用意义重大。本文介绍了统计抽样的概念 ,统计抽样在审计工作中的意义 ,分别举例说明了固定样本量抽样在控制测试和变量抽样差异估计在实质性测试中的应用     

均值的经典与贝叶斯抽样检验

讨论了对数正态总体在变异系数已知条件下,均值的经典抽样方案的简便的直接求解法。还讨论了在标准差已知条件下,正态总体均值的贝叶斯抽样方案的求解法。在较宽的条件下。贝叶斯方案的样本量比经典方案的样本量小得多。     

统计抽样技术在审计测试中的应用

统计抽样在审计测试中的应用意义重大。本介绍了统计抽样的概念，统计抽术在审计工作中的意义，分别举例说明了固定样本量抽样在控制测试和变量抽样差异估计在实质性测试中的应用。     

基于提高弹药例行监测验证试验检测水平的研究

从提高弹药例行监测验证试验的检测水平出发,分析了监测批量Ⅳ与抽样数量n的关系,提出军方验收时所关心的只是第二类错判概率。认为要提高对监测批的鉴别能力,就要减小第二类错判概率,也就是要增加样本量。讲述了增加样本量的两种方法,一是在置信水平不变的情况下,通过提高检查水平来增大样本量;二是通过提高置信水平来增大样本量。     

广义线性模型中带有测量误差的序贯压缩估计（英文）

对带测量误差的广义线性模型提出一种序贯压缩估计方法来确定最小样本量,使得在此最小样本量下所提方法可以选择有效变量,同时还可以获得给定精度下的回归参数估计.也研究了所提方法的渐进性质,包括序贯置信域的覆盖概率、最小样本量的效率等.模拟研究表明基于序贯压缩估计的抽样方法比传统的序贯抽样方法能够节省大量的样本.最后,用所提方法来分析一个糖尿病数据集.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the