武汉方言蔡甸奓山话浅论

现代汉语各方言之间在语音方面差异尤为明显,武汉方言属于现代汉语七大方言中的北方方言的西南官话次方言区。武汉市蔡甸区奓山人所操汉语方言与武汉市其它地区人们所说方言在语音和词汇上有较明显的差别:(1)声调方面,调值差别最大,奓山话一共有四个声调,包括阴平(35),阳平(213),上声(31),去声(33)。(2)声母韵母方面,奓山话共有18个声母和35个韵母,与武汉其他地方方言在声母韵母数量方面略有区别。(3)词汇方面,武汉方言蔡甸奓山话也有一批特色词汇,与周边的方言不同。本文将从语音和词汇方面对武汉方言蔡甸奓山话进行简要概述,以期展示武汉市丰富的方言文化。     

随机轨迹模型中汉语连续语音识别基元的选取方案要

在比较各种汉语语音识别基元的基础上,结合汉语语音和随机轨迹模型的特色,提出了以音素类单元作为汉语连续语音识别系统的识别基元,基于音素基随机轨迹模型的汉语连续语音识别系统的实验结果表明,该方案可行。     

基于汉语语音音位的非特定人命令词识别算法研究

通过对汉语全音节的声母、韵首、韵腹、韵尾4部分音位分别建立HMM模型,实现对非特定人命令词的识别.该方法在识别阶段将置信度评估和不完全匹配的方法结合起来,在一定程度上提高了识别的质量.经实验证明了该算法的有效性.     

神经网络在汉语语音识别中的应用

论述了基于神经网络模型的特定人汉语语音识别,并建立了一基于３层ＢＰ神经网络的汉语语音识别系统,对汉语１０个数字（１￣１０）进行识别实验,获得了较满意的识别结果。     

汉语方言中的“崽”后缀

“崽”后缀主要分布在湖南、湖北、江西、广西、贵州等省的汉语方言中。随着“崽”由实词逐渐演变为名词后缀,部分方言点中“崽”作名词后缀时的语音发生了弱化现象。“崽”后缀的语音弱化主要表现在声母、韵母和声调上。汉语方言中“子”、“崽”后缀的语音弱化既有共性又有差异。     

新圩方言音系

本文调查并构拟出新圩方言的语音系统：声母、韵母、声调、声母和韵母的配合关系、声母和韵母等呼的配合关系。本文还将新圩方言音系与中古音及现代北京话语语音进行比较，说明新圩方言语音的历史演变规律及其与现代北京语音的异同特点。     

包头方言与普通话语音的比较研究

包头方言和普通话相比，语音方面的差异比较突出。在声母、韵母、声调三个方面，包头方言与普通话既存在对应关系，亦有不同。通过比较，不仅为汉语语音史的研究提供资料，也为包头地区的人们学习普通话提供方便。     

段长在汉语语音识别系统后处理阶段的应用

针对传统的隐含马尔可夫模型(hidden Markov model,HMM)存在的缺陷,该文提出了一种在识别的后处理阶段使用段长模型的方法,并应用在基于HMM的汉语识别系统上。该方法利用归一化的段长模型对识别系统的解码结果重新打分,比较前后两次算出的分数从而选出更可靠的识别结果。实验表明,通过该方法将段长模型应用在识别过程中,可以显著提高识别系统的性能,大量减少识别结果中的插入错误。数据显示,该方法使识别系统的音节错误率下降了大约10%,识别系统最终的插入错误和删除错误都低于1%。     

山东安丘方言的儿化现象

一般学者认为,汉语儿化仅对韵尾、韵腹有影响。本文以山东安丘方言为例,指出儿化不仅会影响到韵尾、韵腹,而且也影响到韵头,直至声母。儿化作用贯穿于整个音节,并且引起了一系列的语音变化。     

区别普通话水平测试大纲中所有〔ts〕组和〔tε〕组音的汉字

北京音的舌尖前音声母([is]组)来自古“精”组声母,舌尖后音([tξ]组)来自中古“知、章、庄”三组声母.汉语方言中,大多数方言存在[ts]组和[tξ]组不分的现象,多半是将[tξ]组声母混成[ts]组声母,如官话区的沈阳、扬州、成都、西安以及上海、广东梅县、长沙、南昌等方言中都没有[tξ]组声母.而以这两组音     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that