静电辅助的气溶胶化学气相沉积法制备Y2O3薄膜

采用静电辅助的气溶胶化学气相沉积的方法成功地在Si(100)衬底上制备了Y2O3薄膜,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)和X射线光电子能谱(XRP)对薄膜进行了表征.SEM分析结果显示,薄膜的颗粒为纳米级的,并且薄膜致密、平整.AFM分析结果表明,薄膜的粗糙度为11nm.由XPS分析可知,薄膜为基本上符合化学计量比的氧化物.附着力测试表明,Y2O3薄膜与Si衬底的附着力为4.2N.X射线衍射分析结果表明,沉积得到的Y2O3薄膜在热处理前为非晶结构,热处理之后薄膜具有立方晶体结构,并且沿(111)面择优生长.     

衬底温度对共溅射法制备BaSi_2薄膜的影响

研究衬底温度对采用Ba靶和Si靶共溅射制备BaSi_2薄膜的影响.采用X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜对在不同衬底温度条件下制备的薄膜的微观结构组分和表面形貌进行表征与分析.结果表明,衬底温度在500℃以下时Ba和Si共沉积在Si(111)衬底上生成的为非晶,结合后续的真空退火生成BaSi_2多晶薄膜.衬底温度是制备优质BaSi_2薄膜的关键因素,衬底温度高于600℃时,共溅射法能够直接生成BaSi_2薄膜.     

Pd／c—Si界面反应研究

运用X 射线衍射(XRD)、Anger 电子能谱(AES)等方法研究了不同晶面取向的Si 衬底对Pd 硅化物薄膜形成的影响:在Si(111)衬底上,形成外延生长的Pd_2Si;在Si(100)衬底上,Pd_2Si 为择优取向的多晶.实验结果表明,在这两种Si 衬底上,Pd 硅化物有不同的形成温度和相转变温度.文中讨论了退火温度对Pd_2Si 的结构、组分和电阻率的影响,并应用热力学规律及界面作用过程解释了实验结果.     

烘烤温度对LaNiO_3薄膜微结构与电学性能的影响

采用sol-gel技术在单晶Si(100)衬底上制备了LaNiO3导电薄膜.利用X射线粉末衍射、原子力显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和四探针电阻测量法研究了不同烘烤温度对LaNiO3薄膜的晶体结构、表面形貌和导电性能的影响.结果表明,LaNiO3薄膜均为赝立方钙钛矿结构,表面致密、均匀,衬底与薄膜间界面清晰.烘烤温度为210℃时,薄膜具有最好的<110>择优取向性.烘烤温度在210℃的薄膜具有最低的电阻率,达到10-4Ω.cm数量级,导电性能最好.     

射频磁控溅射制备c轴取向LiNbO3薄膜研究

采用射频磁控溅射技术,用富Li的LiNbO3靶材在Si(100)和Si(111)基底上制备了LiNbO3薄膜.通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对LiNbO3薄膜的结晶程度、晶体取向和表面形貌及薄膜与基底结合处的界面结构进行了研究.结果表明:样品在空气中经1 000℃退火1 h处理后,薄膜与Si基底界面处有SiO2生成,得到的LiNbO3薄膜结晶性好,具有高c轴取向,晶粒排列致密且粒径尺寸均匀.     

CoSi_2/Si异质结的形成及其电子结构的研究

利用离子束镀膜技术,在非超高真空(1.33×10~(-3)Pa)下,采用离子束清洗衬底表面和对衬底加热的辅助方法,在单晶Si衬底上淀积Co薄层,再在Co层上淀积Si保护层,然后在570—680℃下进行真空(6.67×10~(-3)Pa)退火,能形成有害杂质(O、C等)含量少且界面区域过渡陡峭的CoSi_2/Si异质结。本文利用俄歇电子能谱(AES),X射线光电子谱(XPS)和紫外光电子谱(UPS)对样品的组分、化学相和电子结构进行了分析。     

集成铁电器件用LaNiO3薄膜电极的结构与电学性能

采用化学溶液沉积法在(100)Si,SiO2/Si,(100)Al2O3,(100)MgO,(100)SrTiO3(STO),(100)ZrO2等衬底上制备了LaNiO3(LNO)薄膜,研究了热处理温度对薄膜结构和电性能的影响.结果显示,衬底种类影响LNO薄膜的结晶,其中STO衬底上的LNO薄膜呈高a轴择优取向成长,且其电阻率最低,为0.87 mΩ.cm.而对于Si衬底上的LNO薄膜,随着热处理温度升高,晶粒尺寸增大,电阻率降低,在750℃时电阻率达到最低值(1.52 mΩ.cm),其后热处理温度的升高导致杂相的形成,电阻率反而上升.扫描电镜观察证实这些LNO薄膜光滑、致密、均匀且无裂纹.结果表明,制得的LNO薄膜可用作集成铁电薄膜器件的底电极.     

衬底温度对ZnCoCuO蒸镀膜结构和性能的影响

用X射线衍射方法分析了在Si(001)衬底上电子束蒸镀制备的Zn0.84Co0.15Cu0.01O薄膜的结构特征,测量了薄膜的磁性质,研究了衬底温度对薄膜晶体结构及磁性能的影响。实验发现,衬底温度在350～500℃的范围内,薄膜都具有室温铁磁性,而且在(002)晶面取向有极大值,饱和磁化强度和剩磁随衬底温度增加近于单调减小。     

V2O5薄膜的超声喷雾制备及其性能研究

采用超声喷雾法在玻璃衬底上制备了V2O5薄膜，研究了超声沉积参数对V2O5薄膜微结构以及薄膜晶化生长过程的影响．利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分光光度计和电阻测量等手段对薄膜的晶相结构表面形貌和性能进行了分析．XRD结果表明：V2O5薄膜为斜方晶系结构，当衬底温度（Ts）小于215℃时，沉积的薄膜为非晶态；当Ts≥215℃时，V2O5薄膜开始形成微晶结构，而且随着衬底温度上升，薄膜的择优取向由（001）方向向（110）方向发生了转变．SEM图谱显示了V2O5薄膜的沉积生长过程．当V2O5薄膜温度从室温升高至380℃时，薄膜电阻变化了将近2个数量级；该方法制备的V2O5薄膜光学能隙Eg=2．25eV．     

不同衬底对溅射Pb(Zr_(0.8)Ti_(0.20))O_3薄膜的结构及其性能的影响

利用射频磁控溅射法在低阻Si,Si O2/Si以及Pt/Ti/Si O2/Si等不同衬底上制备了Pb(Zr0.8Ti0.2)O3薄膜.利用XRD,SEM等对薄膜的结构性能进行了分析,结果发现不同衬底对溅射制备的PZT薄膜的结构有很大影响.在Pt/Ti/Si O2/Si衬底上制备的PZT薄膜经600℃退火1h后,薄膜表面光滑、无裂纹,XRD分析显示PZT薄膜呈完全钙钛矿结构,测试PZT薄膜的电学性能,表明PZT薄膜具有良好的介电性能.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that