Effect of injury on the foliar sclereid development inFagraea fragrans

Résumé L'effet d'une blessure naturelle sur le développement du tissu sclérifié et la distribution des feuilles est étudié sur laFagraea fragrans. Un méristème blessé est préparé et son histologie décrite. L'influence inhibitrice de la blessure et de l'hormone de blessure sur le développement du tissu sclérifié est très prononcée. Certains points importants de l'étude présente sont discutés, et comparés à des observations antérieures.     

The isolation of dehydrodiisoeugenol from the aril ofMyristica fragrans Houtt

Résumé On a pu isoler le déshydrodiisoeugénol de l'arille deMyristica fragrans Houtt. (fleur de muscade).

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Acknowledgments. The authors wish to express their thanks to Dr.W. D. Jamieson and MrD. Embree of the Atlantic Regional Laboratory for the mass spectroscopic data and to Dr.E. von Rudloff and Mr.W. C. Haid of the Prairie Regional Laboratory (Saskatoon) for the 100 MHz NMR data.     

Occurrence of foliar leaves on long shoots ofPinus

Summary At Bundi (Rajasthan, India), aPinus roxburghii tree has been observed to develop green, needle-like, spirallyarranged, elongated, foliar leaves on long shoots. Such foliar leaves are not reported onPinus plants except at the seedling stage.Grateful thanks to Dr Elbert L. Little of the US Department of Agriculture (Forest Service) for suggestions.     

The non-inheritance of the direction of foliar spiral in coconut

Summary The leaves on a coconut crown are arranged in 5 spirals, all running clockwise in one palm, and counterclockwise in another. The 2 types of palms in any plantation are distributed more or less equally. Data on the foliar spirality of the progeny obtained by different kinds of parental matings clearly show that the direction of foliar spiral in the coconut is not genetically determined. Additional data presented on 7860 palms show that the left-spiralled ones are in excess of the right-handeds.We thank Ir. Hasman Asiz, LPTI, for the facilities and encouragement received for completing this work, and Prof. T. Antony Davis, UNDP/FAO Coconut Agronomist, for the technical guidance in this investigation.     

Shoot regeneration fromAgrobacterium tumefaciens-induced tumors of a tropical timber tree,Fagraea fragrans

Summary Agrobacterium tumefaciens A208 with nopaline plasmid pTiT37 was used to obtain stem tumors on plantlets ofFagraea fragrans grown in vitro. Bacterial elimination and tissue proliferation were simultaneously achieved by growing tumors on cefatoxime medium. After some tissue growth the shoots regenerated. An examination of these showed the presence of nopaline, indicating genetic transformation by T-DNA.     

Effect of volatile phylloplane fungal metabolites on the growth of a foliar pathogen

Summary Volatile fungal metabolites excluded from various leaf-inhabiting microfungi were tested for their mycostatic activity against the growth ofPestalotiopsis funerea Desm., a leaf spot pathogen ofEucalyptus globulus Labill. Findings reveal thatTrichoderma viride andTrichothecium roseum exhibited significant antagonistic action, however,Cladosporium herbarum, Nigrospora sphaerica andPapulaspora sp. showed a stimulating effect. A morphophysiological effect was also observed.Acknowledgments. The grant from CSIR (India Govt.) in the form of SRF and laboratory facility from the Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University are gratefully acknowledged. Thanks are due to Professor R.S. Dwivedi for guidance and constant encouragements.     

Cyclohexadienones-insect growth inhibitors from the foliar surface and tissue extracts ofSenecio cannabifolius

Dewaxed leaf surface extracts of 12 plants from Hokkaido, prepared by dipping fresh leaves in chloroform for 3 min, were used in a choice leaf-disk bioassay against larvae of the tobacco cutwormSpodoptera litura. Activity was found only in the extract ofSenecio cannabifolius, a very successful weed in Hokkaido. Individual fractions of the extract, however, were not active. Incorporation of the individual fractions of the surface extracts as well as fractions of the methanolic extracts of the leaf residue into an artificial diet fed to neonateS. litura led to the isolation of ethyl (1-hydroxy-4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-yl) acetate, the major surface compound, as the active principle. This compound was also present in the methanolic extract of the leaf residue together with methyl (1-hydroxy-4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-yl) acetate, which had the same growth inhibitory effect on the larvae. The presence of these compounds in the foliar surface and tissue suggests a defensive role against herbivores.     

Controlled amylophagia in female mice

Zusammenfassung Es wird gezeigt, dass die Amylophagie bei der Maus keine Anämie, dagegen eine Verminderung der Graviditäten und Abnahme der pro Geburt geborenen Jungtiere herbeiführt.     

Evidences of cytological basis of differentiation

Zusammenfassung Bei verschiedenen Pflanzenarten werden die Variationen der Chromosomenzahlen im Vegetationspunkt des Stammes untersucht. Für Blattzellen ist eine konstante Zahl charakteristisch. Die Resultate weisen darauf hin, dass in der Wachstumsspitze spezifische Chromosomenzahlen in die einzelnen Organe übergehen und so die Differenzierung gesteuert wird. Die normale2n-Zahl kommt in den meisten Zellen vor.     

Temperature-induced synchronous differentiation of ascogonia inNeurospora

Résumé Une méthode pour la synchronisation de la différenciation des ascogones deNeurospora est présentée. Ce système de synchronisation basé sur la température facilitera l'analyse biochimique et génétique intégrée de la différenciation protopérithéciale. Il est déjà démontré qu'au moins une protéine est associée à ce processus et qu'il n'y a pas de corrélation entre la tyrosinase et cette différenciation.

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This report forms part of a thesis submitted to the University of Geneva for the award of D. Sc. degree by M. V.-R. He is thankful to Volkart Foundation, Winterthur, Switzerland, for the award of a fellowship during the tenure of this work.     

Development and differentiation of the intestinal epithelium

The gastrointestinal tract develops from a simple tube to a complex organ with patterns of differentiation along four axes of asymmetry. The organ is composed of all three germ layers signaling to each other during development to form the adult structure. The gut epithelium is a constitutively developing tissue, constantly differentiating from a stem cell in a progenitor pool throughout the life of the organism. Signals from the adjacent mesoderm and between epithelial cells are required for normal orderly development/differentiation, homeostasis, and apoptosis. Embryonically important patterning factors are used during adult stages for these processes. Such critical pathways as the hedgehog, bone morphogenetic protein, Notch, Sox, and Wnt systems are used both in embryologic and adult times of gut development. We focus on and review the roles of these factors in gut epithelial cell development and differentiation.Received 18 October 2002; received after revision 18 December 2002; accepted 18 December 2002     

Early functional differentiation of heart muscle cells

Zusammenfassung Von embryonalen Hühnerherzen wurdenin vivo Membranpotentiale verschiedenen Regimes registriert. Bereits auf sehr frühen Entwicklungsstadien (37 h) wird eine Differenzierung in Schrittmachergasern und spätere Vertrikelfasern gefunden.

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Aided by a grant from the Italian Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche.     

正背栅SOI-MOSFET二维阈值电压解析模型

通过建立沟道区域和埋氧区域的二维泊松方程,并考虑衬底区域的掺杂和背栅偏压对器件阈值电压的影响,得到了一种正背栅全耗尽SOI-MOSFET二维阈值电压模型.根据模型计算结果,研究了衬底掺杂浓度和衬底(背栅)偏压对器件阈值电压的影响,通过与MEDICI数值模拟结果的比较表明,该模型能预计不同衬底掺杂浓度和衬底(背栅)偏压对阈值电压的影响,正确反映器件的短沟效应和背栅效应.     

Plastid differentiation on 6-azauracil media

Résumé Les mutants au locusm de l'Arabidopsis ne réussissent pas à former de chloroplastes normaux dans certaines conditions et montrent des activités plus hautes en synthèse de pyrimidines que le témoin. La nutrition aseptique par 6-azauracile, inhibiteur spécifique de cette voie métabolique, restaure la différenciatin de structure lamellaire dans la plupart de ces organites, mais aux concentrations élevées, apparaissent des chloroplastes morphologiquement déviants, quoique de fonction efficace.     

Effect of conditioned media on nerve cell differentiation

Summary Glial conditioned medium strongly stimulates the morphological maturation of cultured neuronal cells, while fibroblast and meningeal conditioned media have weaker effects.Acknowledgment. We acknowledge the expert technical assistance of Mrs M.F. Knoetgen.