实际热声微热力学循环利润率分析

建立实际不可逆热声微循环模型,考虑输出声功率和热效率之间的综合协调作用,以利润率为经济协调参数,导出热机的最佳工况位置,研究热漏、不可逆因子以及压力振荡幅值等对热声微循环性能的影响.结果表明:降低热漏损失和不可逆因子,可以改善热声微循环经济性能;当压力振荡幅值在0. 092处利润率取得极大值,该处对应实际热机功率和效率的最佳匹配;此外,循环的p-V相位差越小且接近1. 6时,热机的经济协调效果越好.     

Q∝△(Tn)时广义不可逆卡诺热机的生态学性能优化

以反映热机功率与熵产率之间最佳折衷的"生态学"准则为目标,根据生态学优化方法研究传热规律服从Q∝△(Tn)时不可逆卡诺热机生态学最优性能.在内可逆模型基础上,用常数项q表示热漏流率,用常数项φ表示除热阻和热漏以外的其余不可逆性,导出了传热规律服从Q∝△(Tn)时广义不可逆卡诺热机生态学优化性能.通过数值计算对不同损失、不同传热规律情况下的热机生态学性能变化规律进行了比较分析,本文结果对实际热机的设计工作具有一定的理论指导意义.     

Q∞(ΔT)~n时广义不可逆卡诺热机的生态学性能优化

以反映热机功率与熵产率之间最佳折衷的"生态学"准则为目标,综合考虑热阻、热漏及内不可逆性的影响,导出了传热规律服从Q∝(ΔT)n时不可逆热机生态学最优性能,对n=1和n=1.25的2种典型传热规律进行了进一步讨论,该文结果对实际热机的设计工作具有一定的理论指导意义.     

Q∝(ΔT)n时广义不可逆卡诺热机的生态学性能优化

以反映热机功率与熵产率之间最佳折衷的"生态学"准则为目标,综合考虑热阻、热漏及内不可逆性的影响,导出了传热规律服从Q∝(ΔT)n时不可逆热机生态学最优性能,对n=1和n=1.25的2种典型传热规律进行了进一步讨论,该文结果对实际热机的设计工作具有一定的理论指导意义.     

同时具有泄漏和热传递过程的Stirling热力循环分析

在实际的Stirling热力循环过程中,往往同时有泄漏和热传递.而对于这方面的研究,通常只注意到泄漏量的本身,而未涉及到泄漏对热力循环过程的影响.本文根据变质量系统热力学理论,提出同时有泄漏和热传递的Stirling热力循环的过程指数及其计算方法.该方法较好地反映了实际的Stirling热力循环过程,而且计算简便,对研究和设计Stirling循环发动机提供了理论依据.     

Q∝Δ（T^n）时广义不可逆卡诺热机的生态学性能优化

以反映热机功率与熵产率之问最佳折衷的“生态学”准则为目标，根据生态学优化方法研究传热规律服从Q∝Δ(T^n)时不可逆卡诺热机生态学最优性能．在内可逆模型基础上，用常数项q表示热漏流率，用常数项Φ表示除热阻和热漏以外的其余不可逆性，导出了传热规律服从Q∝Δ(T^n)时广义不可逆卡诺热机生态学优化性能．通过数值计算对不同损失、不同传热规律情况下的热机生态学性能变化规律进行了比较分析，本文结果对实际热机的设计工作具有一定的理论指导意义．     

Q∝（△T）^n时广义不可逆卡诺热机的生态学性能优化

以反映热机功率与熵产率之间最佳折衷的“生态学”准则为目标，综合考虑热阻、热漏及内不可逆性的影响，导出了传热规律服从Q∝(△T)^n时不可逆热机生态学最优性能，对n=1和n=1．25的2种典型传热规律进行了进一步讨论，该文结果对实际热机的设计工作具有一定的理论指导意义．     

谐振子系统量子热机循环性能

建立一种不可逆谐振子系统量子热机循环模型, 基于Heisenberg表象算符运动方程和半群分析法, 获得了谐振子系统中热力学第一定律和循环的时间演化公式. 推导出量子热机循环的输出功、效率、输出功率和熵产率等重要性能参数的一般表达式. 通过数值解, 得到了在最大输出功率的条件下, 热机循环中各主要性能参数的最佳优化值和优化区间. 最后, 简要地讨论了诸如无摩擦、高温等特殊情况下循环的性能特征.     

Q∝（△T^-1）时不可逆卡诺热机的生态学性能优化

以反映热机功率与熵产率之间最佳折衷的“生态学”准则为目标，综合考虑热阻、热漏及工质内不可逆性，导出了线性唯象传热规律下不可逆卡诺热机的生态学最优性能，该结果对实际热机的设计工作具有一定的理论指导意义。     

发动机内可逆变温换热循环的研究

基于发动机热力循环变温吸热和放热的特点,建立了内可逆变温换热循环的有限时间热力学模型,推导出性能的计算式,以及循环功率与热效率的制约关系,并给出了性能优化的条件.应用这些优化条件,可以确定发动机的工作参数,从而获得最优性能.模型考虑了发动机实际循环工质吸、放热过程温度变化的因素,比现有的等温换热循环有限时间热力学模型更接近实际循环,模拟精度更高.模型适用于各种发动机的热力循环.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.