地菍果实营养成分研究

对地菍(Melastoma dodecandrum Lour)果实的营养成分分析表明:果实含水量为87.18%;总糖含量为3.28%,其中绝大多数为还原糖;每100 g维生素C为2.4 mg;粗蛋白为6.13%;氨基酸总量为9.97 mg/g.FW,其中至少含7种人体必需氨基酸,必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的24.58%.矿质元素含量丰富,特别是Ca、Fe、Zn含量较高.种子油以不饱和脂肪酸为主,亚油酸含量高达83.62%.因此,地菍的果实具有一定的开发价值.     

福建武夷山2个典型植物群落建群种的热值研究

研究了福建武夷山自然保护区2个典型植物群落一甜槠群落(Castanopsis eyrei community)和黄山松群落(Pinus taiwanensis community)建群种的热值和灰分含量,以及凋落物热值的季节变化.结果表明:(1)2个建群种甜槠和黄山松各器官的灰分含量、干重热值和去灰分热值因种而异,同种植物不同器官之间灰分含量和热值存在差异.甜槠各器官灰分含量在0.69%～4.09%之间,干重热值在17.06～20.28kJ/g之间,去灰分热值在17.46～21.00kJ/g 之间;黄山松各器官灰分含量在0.58%～3.14%之间,干重热值在16.27～22.14kJ/g之间,去灰分热值在16.60～22.58kJ/g之间.(2)甜槠和黄山松凋落物热值的季节变化存在差异.(3)林地残留物的干重热值与年凋落物的干重热值相比,呈现了下降的趋势.     

浙江庆元高山藜麦营养成分分析

检测了种植于浙江省庆元县百山祖镇三堆村的藜麦的营养成分.庆元高山藜麦中粗蛋白与粗脂肪的质量分数分别为7.13%和6.80%.样品中共测得18种氨基酸,总氨基酸含量为77.04 mg/g,必需氨基酸(包括半必需氨基酸)含量为36.57 mg/g;含量最高的是赖氨酸(Lys),达5.40 mg/g,显著高于大米和小麦;第一限制性氨基酸为蛋氨酸(Met)+半胱氨酸(Cys);蛋白质化学评分为68.51,高于大米和小麦,且氨基酸种类较均衡.样品中不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的质量分数为90.2%,主要组成成分是必须脂肪酸——油酸,占60.8%.样品中维生素含量高于大米、小麦和荞麦.每g藜麦中钾、钙、锌、镁分别达到7.090,0.787,0.160和2.122 mg,是常见食物中含量最高的.     

库拉索芦荟和木立芦荟叶的形态结构及有效成分含量的比较

应用植物解剖学和植物化学相结合的方法比较研究了3年生库拉索芦荟(Aloe vera L.)和木立芦荟(Aloe arborescens Mill)的形态结构和芦荟素、芦荟多糖等有效成分的含量.研究结果表明:(1)库拉索芦荟茎极短,叶丛生,成熟叶片长60~80 cm,质量400~550 g;木立芦荟茎高50~70 cm,叶互生,成熟叶片长40~50 cm,质量100~150 g.(2)两种芦荟叶都由表皮、同化组织、贮水组织和维管束组成.库拉索芦荟叶的贮水组织占横切面的90%以上,而木立芦荟叶的贮水组织仅占横切面的70%.(3)库拉索芦荟叶中芦荟素含量为1.46%,芦荟多糖含量为3.56%,宜作为芦荟多糖的原料;木立芦荟叶中芦荟素含量为2.15%,芦荟多糖含量为2.58%,宜作为芦荟素等蒽醌类物质的原料.研究结果为芦荟的引种栽培、采收和产品加工提供了科学依据.     

不同蒸馏时段对茴香精油含量和成分的影响

以德国大茴香为实验材料,采用同时蒸馏萃取法,分3个蒸馏时段研究了茴香精油的得率及精油成分的相对含量.结果表明,不同蒸馏时段精油产率随着蒸馏时间的延长而不断的下降,第一时段(0~60 min)为3.63ml.(100g)-1,第二时段(60~120 min)为1.57 ml.(100g)-1,第三时段(120~180 min)为0.92 ml.(100g)-1.精油主要成分(反式茴香脑)的相对含量随着蒸馏时间的延长而不断上升,小茴香酮的相对含量却随着蒸馏时间的延长而不断下降.     

三种野生菇驯化后子实体营养成份分析

笔者对田头菇、虎皮香菇、紫晶香蘑三种野生食用菌经驯化栽培试验所育出的子实体进行了主要营养成分及氨基酸定量分析,结果表明三者的蛋白质,氨基酸含量十分丰富,其中紫晶香蘑的粗蛋白含量为43.03g/100g(干品),仅次于双孢蘑菇,高于脱脂奶粉及其它多种食用菌,氨基酸总量则从紫晶香蘑最高(19.22%).     

饲料中小肽豆粕替代鱼粉对青鱼幼鱼生长及其体组成的影响

以初始体重(2.00±0.08)g的青鱼幼鱼为研究对象,用小肽豆粕分别替代饲料中0(D1)、25%(D2)、50%(D3)、75%(D4)及100%(D5)的鱼粉,配制成5种等氮、等能的饲料,在室内养殖系统中进行为期8周的生长试验,探讨饲料中小肽豆粕与鱼粉的不同比例对青鱼幼鱼生长及其体组成的影响。结果表明:D2组的增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)、饲料系数((FCR)、肝体比(HIS)及肥满度(CF)与对照组差异均不显著(P0.05);D3-D5组的WGR、SGR、HIS及CF显著低于对照组(P0.05),FCR则显著高于对照组(P0.05),蛋白质效率(PER)随着替代比例的增加显著降低(P0.05),成活率(SR)、肠体指数(the intestine weight index)及肠长指数(the intestine length index)无显著变化(P0.05)。D2组全鱼水分及粗蛋白含量与对照组差异不显著(P0.05),D3-D5组全鱼水分含量显著高于对照组(P0.05),粗蛋白含量则显著低于对照组(P0.05),粗脂肪及灰分含量在各组间无显著差异(P0.05)。各试验组肌肉的水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪及灰分含量与饲料中小肽豆粕的替代比例无显著相关性(P0.05)。在本试验条件下,饲料中小肽豆粕替代鱼粉的比例为25%时,对青鱼幼鱼的生长不产生显著影响。     

番茄籽营养成分的实验分析

通过实验分析了番茄籽的油脂、粗蛋白、总糖、维生素E、17种氨基酸、8种微量元素的含量,并且测定了相关物理化学常数.结果表明:每100g番茄籽所含油脂23 12g、粗蛋白19 60g、总糖22 35g,维生素E0 208g.番茄籽油脂中含亚油酸51 34g·(100g)-1、不皂化物8 26g·(100g)-1.番茄籽油脂的密度0 9367、碘值196 69、折光指数1 4626、皂化值190 29.     

高温处理对茴香精油含量及其成分组成比例的影响

为了研究高温处理对茴香果实精油的影响,设40℃、60℃、80℃3个温度处理,并以室温(25℃)为对照,处理7 d后,提取精油进行分析.结果表明:随着温度的升高,精油含量与主要成分(反式-茴香脑)的相对含量均呈先升高再降低的趋势,其中精油含量依次为0.93、3.04和3.17和1.51ml.(100g)-1,反式-茴香脑的相对含量依次为80.31%、91.10%、91.25%和89.85%.     

鲣鱼鱼肝营养成分分析与评价

对鲣鱼鱼肝的基本营养成分进行了系统的测定和评价分析。结果显示,鱼肝水分含量为(55.84±0.01)%;粗蛋白、粗脂肪和灰分的含量(湿基)分别为(11.30±0.02)%、(30.42±0.01)%和(0.84±0.12)%;氨基酸组成中,必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的41.57%,必需氨基酸评分较高,蛋氨酸和缬氨酸分别为第一限制氨基酸和第二限制氨基酸;总脂中甘油三酯、磷脂、胆固醇、游离脂肪酸的含量分别为(26.00±0.07)%、(28.30±0.21)%、(16.71±0.25)%、(12.33±0.24)%;鱼肝总脂和磷脂中多不饱和脂肪酸含量较高,总脂中含EPA5.50%、DHA33.32%,磷脂中含EPA 4.19%、DHA 40.08%;维生素A、D、E含量分别为(6.65±0.15)mg/100g、(0.89±0.12)mg/100g、(2.26±0.31)mg/100g。研究结果表明,从脂质开发利用角度考虑,鲣鱼(K.pelamis)鱼肝含有丰富多不饱和脂肪酸、磷脂、脂溶性维生素,是一种值得深入研究和开发成鱼肝油的水产原料。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with