油管柱内压和轴力传感器的实验研究

设计出一种在不损害油管柱机械强度和结构的情况下测量油管柱内压和轴力的两分量传感器 ,并且设计了相应的硬件测量电路。由于该传感器不需要在油管柱上打孔取压 ,从而保证了油管柱有较高的机械强度 ,在测量时不影响油气井的正常生产。这对于在油田生产过程中及时掌握油管柱的受力情况及优化采油工艺具有重要的意义。     

用电容式传感器测液压管道压力的探讨

本文从液压力大小与钢管外径变形量成正比的概念出发，提出了采用变间距式电容传感器测量液压力。不需开测压孔，并对该测压仪的机械部分进行了设计计算，对误差进行了分析，说明该测压仪适合于工程机械和矿山机械液压系统的故障诊断测试。图３，表２，参３。     

反射式强度调制型光纤传感器调制函数的研究

反射式强度调制型光纤传感器调制函数的研究吕海宝颜树华余志雄黄锐王跃科周卫红（国防科技大学机械电子工程与仪器系长沙４１００７３）反射式强度调制型传感器是光纤传感器中最基本、最成熟的一种，其结构简单，设计制造方便，性能稳定可靠，测量精度较高，具有较好的应...     

基于MATLAB的压杆测压传感器设计

该文根据压杆测压原理,以变截面杆作弹性元件,设计了一种压电式压杆测压传感器。为提高测量精度,建立了该传感器的结构模型,通过编制的MATLAB程序对模型进行仿真和实验,优化了传感器结构参数,延长了传感器的测量时间。     

关于传压管道的特性分析

传感器安装时,不能总是保证其敏感部位与被测部位的工作介质直接接触,它们之间通常是通过一段传压管道相联系.传压管道与被测介质组成一个低通滤波器,其频率特性显著影响着高频动压的测量结果.通过分析此类低通滤波器的机械特性,给出高频动压测量中传压管道设计方法.消除传压管道对测量结果的影响,提高动压测量精度和可信度.     

海上高温高压井完井管柱安全性设计

东方1-1气田高温高压储层生产管柱在生产过程中存在变形量大、生产初期井口节流压降与温降大,以及特殊的环空密闭憋压等问题,具有安全生产隐患。因此对该类气井开展完井管柱安全性设计研究具有重要的现实意义。通过油管携液、油管防冲蚀、水合物的预防、油管柱强度校核、密闭环空压力变化分析、射孔管柱振动与减震措施研究,开展了海上高温高压井完井管柱安全性设计。该设计方法成功应用到东方1-1高温高压气田,对其他海上高温高压气田的开发还具有良好的指导作用。     

数显半径测试仪及精度分析

提供一种新型半径测量工具——数显半径测试仪．它利用传感器技术、微计算机技术和集成电路技术设计的,具有体积小、可手持式测量的特点．用LCD显示测量结果表明,它可用于生产现场．从传感器精度、机械精度、测量方法以及机械磨损等方面．详细地分析了数显半径测试仪测量误差．最后,给出量程与弦长和精度的关系。     

NHR-200堆内液位测量传感器研究

用稳压器液位测量结果表征压水反应堆内冷却剂装量，已不能满足核安全要求；一体化、双壳式的ＮＨＲ－２００（２００ＭＷ核供热堆）中，传统的差压式核级液位计难以实现其液位测量。为此，基于发热体在气体和液体中放热系数的显著差异，提出了变液位测量为温差测量的加热式铠装热电偶方案，试制了铠装液位传感器，并在模拟实验装置中进行了试验。理论计算和试验结果表明，该传感器原理正确，性能可靠，结构可行，可作为ＮＨＲ－２００堆内水位测量的液位传感器。     

基于超声与红外的AGV定位方法研究

为解决信号相互干扰问题，在基于超声传感器的基础上设计了自动引导车辆的定位系统，提出了一种高精度测量超声信号传播时间的方法。采用双超声发射传感器依照一定的时序进行工作，在得到AGV（Automatic Guided Vehicle）位置信息的同时得到其姿态信息，简化了AGV的机械结构。设计了低噪声放大电路抑制噪声干扰；利用自动增益调整电路提高系统的测量精度；     

注CO2采油井油管柱腐蚀速率预测

针对注CO₂采油井生产中油管柱存在的腐蚀现象，开展了注CO₂采油井不同阶段的油管腐蚀规律研究。对油管柱CO₂腐蚀进展进行了概述，基于动力学原理与金属的电化学腐蚀理论，考虑油气生产过程的产液量、含水率、井口温度、生产压差、流体流速等因素，得到油管内温度压力分布，研究了CO₂采油井油管腐蚀速率预测方法。对实例井的油管柱腐蚀速率做出了预测，并开展主控因素下油管柱腐蚀速率随时间、井深的变化规律研究。结果表明，在整个吞吐周期中，油管腐蚀主要发生在生产阶段。腐蚀情况预测结果与现场实测腐蚀情况吻合较好。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that