Interpretation of the tenfold symmetry in electron-diffraction pattern

The electron-diffraction pattern (EDP) of the Al-Co-Cu decagonal phase is scanned with high accu racy and processed via the recognizing operator. The calculated center position of the diffraction spots of the processed EDP can be interpreted via the integral lattice points in an oblique coordinate system with different unit lengths. A peri odic tiling presented in this paper can generate the diffraction pattern, in which the positions of the diffraction spots are exactly located at the same integral lattice points. Consequently, the EDP of the Al-Co-Cu decagonal phase may be pro duced by a periodic structure.     

倾斜 axicon 透镜的衍射特性

通过对ａｘｉｃｏｎ透镜的基尔霍夫衍射的分析，导出了合适的衍射图计算公式，分析了平行光倾斜入射时的衍射图特性，给出了模拟计算和实验结果，并探讨了在调整允差方面的应用．     

Archimedean-like tiling on decagonal quasicrystalline surfaces

Monolayers on crystalline surfaces often form complex structures with physical and chemical properties that differ strongly from those of their bulk phases. Such hetero-epitactic overlayers are currently used in nanotechnology and understanding their growth mechanism is important for the development of new materials and devices. In comparison with crystals, quasicrystalline surfaces exhibit much larger structural and chemical complexity leading, for example, to unusual frictional, catalytical or optical properties. Deposition of thin films on such substrates can lead to structures that may have typical quasicrystalline properties. Recent experiments have indeed showed 5-fold symmetries in the diffraction pattern of metallic layers adsorbed on quasicrystals. Here we report a real-space investigation of the phase behaviour of a colloidal monolayer interacting with a quasicrystalline decagonal substrate created by interfering five laser beams. We find a pseudomorphic phase that shows both crystalline and quasicrystalline structural properties. It can be described by an archimedean-like tiling consisting of alternating rows of square and triangular tiles. The calculated diffraction pattern of this phase is in agreement with recent observations of copper adsorbed on icosahedral Al(70)Pd(21)Mn(9) surfaces. In addition to establishing a link between archimedean tilings and quasicrystals, our experiments allow us to investigate in real space how single-element monolayers can form commensurate structures on quasicrystalline surfaces.     

利用VB6．0设计透射电镜衍射斑点分析软件在教学中的应用

本文介绍了利用VB36．0软件开发对投射电镜衍射斑点进行分析与标注的软件。通过该软件，用户可以很容易对衍射斑点进行选取，对衍射斑点间的长度比及其夹角进行自动计算。该软件可自动对衍射数据库进行自动查询，并迅速对衍射斑点进行准确分析。该分析软件的开发与应用，可以为投射电镜的使用者节省大量的人力、物力和财力，尤其在教学当中的广泛应用，让学生在课堂上不但学到理论知识的同时还能进行实践训练，对该门课程的学习体会更全面、更深刻。也为用户提供方便、快捷的对衍射斑点进行分析的工具。     

Growth of decagonal quasicrystal phase in laser resolidified Al72Ni12Co16

An ultra-high temperature gradient directional solidification process produced by a widened laser beam was adopted to achieve the directionally solidified microstructure of the stable decagonal quasicrystal phase in Al72Ni12Co16 alloy. X-ray, SEM, TEM and optical microscopy techniques were used to investigate the microstructures and identify the phase. The directionally solidified decagonal quasicrystal showed the facet morphology and grew in lateral growth mode. The unusual periodic and quasiperiodic atomic structures of the decagonal quasicrystal and the epitaxial growth in the melt pool were considered to be the key factors influencing the growth morphology. The experimental results were consistent with the Toner's theoretical atomistic growth model.     

失锁的三阶锁相环路方程

采用理想积分滤波器和ＲＣ积分滤波器得到了正弦、余弦、正切鉴相特性三阶锁相环路方程,运用首次近似方法及Ｌｉａｐｕｎｏｖ函数,对等价系统判定平衡点渐近稳定、１不稳定及拓扑结构渐近稳定吸引域进行了研究,得到了所讨论的环路方程有失锁点的结论。     

Growth of decagonal quasicrystal phase in laser resolidified Al72Ni12Co16

An ultra-high temperature gradient directional solidification process produced by a widened laser beam was adopted to achieve the directionally solidified microstructure of the stable decagonal quasicrystal phase in Al₇₂Ni₁₂Co₁₆ alloy. X-ray, SEM, TEM and optical microscopy techniques were used to investigate the microstructures and identify the phase. The directionally solidified decagonal quasicrystal showed the facet morphology and grew in lateral growth mode. The unusual periodic and quasiperiodic atomic structures of the decagonal quasicrystal and the epitaxial growth in the melt pool were considered to be the key factors influencing the growth morphology. The experimental results were consistent with the Toner’s theoretical atomistic growth model.     

无衍射光路中 axicon 透镜倾斜允差的计算

通过基尔霍夫衍射积分来分析ａｘｉｃｏｎ透镜倾斜时衍射图发生的变化，根据衍射图变化的不同特征，确定各种应用条件下对ａｘｉｃｏｎ透镜倾斜量的允差要求．     

环境温度变化对双波段谐衍射光学元件衍射效率的影响

基于二元光学元件的位相延迟表达式,推导出谐衍射光学元件随环境温度影响的位相延迟表达式、衍射效率表达式和带宽积分平均衍射效率表达式.定性分析了谐衍射光学元件衍射效率和带宽积分平均衍射效率与环境温度变化的关系.从理论上解释了谐衍射光学元件的特性,确定了谐衍射光学元件衍射波峰随环境温度变化的现象与变化规律.分析表明:在双波红外范围内,谐衍射光学元件的谐波长随环境温度升高向长波方向漂移,随环境温度降低向短波方向漂移.环境温度变化对谐衍射光学元件衍射效率和带宽积分平均衍射效率的影响较大.因此谐衍射光学元件只能应用于波段较窄、温度变化范围较小的折衍射混合成像光学系统中.     

透镜列阵单元形状对光斑特性的影响

用标量衍射积分理论分析了透镜列阵的单元形状对准近场光斑特性的影响,并通过数值计算研究了不同单元形状(圆形、正方形、正六边形)透镜列阵的准近场光斑包络的结果,得到了与理论分析基本符合的结果。     

合金成分和冷凝速率对Al-Mn合金中准晶相形成能力和热稳定性的影响(英文)

本文通过DTA和X射线衍射分析,研究了合金成分和冷凝速率对Al_(100-x)Mn_x(x=12.5,13.5,15.75,17.7,20.6和22.3at%)合金中准晶相形成能力和热稳定性的影响。结果表明:当Mn<16at%,准晶二十面体相的形成能力随合金锰含量的增加而增强,当Mn>16at%,合金中出现准晶十边形相,从而削弱了二十面体相的形成能力,当Mn>22at%,二十面体相几乎被完全抑制。准晶十边形相的形成能力随合金锰含量增加而不断增强。提高冷凝速率会增强二十面体相的形成能力。准晶二十面体相和十边形相的晶化温度均随合金锰含量增加而升高,但受冷凝速率的影响很小。     

Quasicrystalline valence bands in decagonal AlNiCo

Quasicrystals are metallic alloys that possess perfect long-range structural order, in spite of the fact that their rotational symmetries are incompatible with long-range periodicity. The exotic structural properties of this class of materials are accompanied by physical properties that are unexpected for metallic alloys. Considerable progress in resolving the geometric structures of quasicrystals has been made using X-ray and neutron diffraction, and concepts such as the quasi-unit-cell model have provided theoretical insights. But the basic properties of the valence electronic states--whether they are extended as in periodic crystals or localized as in amorphous materials--are still largely unresolved. Here we investigate the electronic bandstructure of quasicrystals through angle-resolved photoemission experiments on decagonal Al71.8Ni14.8Co13.4. We find that the s-p and d states exhibit band-like behaviour with the symmetry of the quasiperiodic lattice, and that the Fermi level is crossed by dispersing d-bands. The observation of free-electron-like bands, distributed in momentum space according to the surface diffraction pattern, suggests that the electronic states are not dominated by localization.     

试论EDP理念在高校信息管理中的应用

针对高校电子信息系统建设中普遍存在的管理盲点,尝试引进国际大型企业EDP部门的管理理念,以分析目前高校信息管理存在的问题及解决方案。     

菲涅耳圆孔衍射的光量子理论

根据光的波粒二象性及量子力学路径积分的基本思想,建立了菲涅耳衍射的光量子路径积分形式。并首次对菲涅耳圆孔衍射问题给出了精确的定量描述,其结果与波动光学定性讨论规律相符,又与实验所得衍射花样一致.     

粉末多晶X射线衍射积分强度公式的研究

分析了粉末多晶X衍射积分强度公式常见推导方式中存在的问题 ,即近似条件不明确 ,物理图象欠清楚。采用本文总结的正空间———倒空间———正空间分段分析方法 ,提出了一个物理图象清晰的新的推导方式 ,最后同样得到粉末多晶X射线衍射积分强度公式     

多色高斯光束照射下透镜轴棱锥的聚焦特性

从菲涅耳衍射积分公式出发,推导多色高斯光束被球差透镜衍射后光强分布的解析公式,进行数值模拟和物理分析.结果表明,光谱半宽σ小的多色高斯光束照射透镜轴棱锥时,不同观察面的光强分布均为J20的形式.随观察平面远离透镜轴棱锥,横向光强第1零点半径逐渐增大;但当σ取值较大时,横向光强分布不再是J20的形式,且横向光强的零点不再明显.对于轴上光强而言,多色高斯光束提高轴上光强分布的均匀性.     

平行光入射时的圆孔衍射

用标量衍射理论导出了平行光入射时，圆孔衍射的精确积分表达式。用数值积分法可求出整个衍射空间的光场和光强的分布。在某些情况下可得出积分结果。