基于向量式有限元法的磁浮列车磁力耦合系统建模与数值分析

针对中低速磁浮列车悬浮系统,基于向量式有限元法建立可变刚度的高架轨道梁模型,同时基于牛顿力学方程建立车辆系统模型,并通过可控悬浮电磁力将2个模型耦合。以轨道梁的跨中位移、梁端转角、振动加速度以及悬浮间隙偏差值为重要指标,从所提出的车?桥磁力耦合模型出发,通过数值仿真得到磁浮列车及轨道线路相应结构构件的振动响应及位移变形响应规律。最后,通过全尺寸磁浮列车现场试验初步验证所提出的磁力耦合模型的有效性。     

高速磁浮道岔振动响应的原位实测

道岔是磁悬浮线路的重要部件.以上海浦东高速磁浮交通示范线为背景,对6种工况下道岔箱梁跨中截面、支承截面等进行了动力响应原位实测,采集道岔的加速度响应.采用最小二乘修正积分,得到道岔的位移响应.磁浮列车低速(20 km/h)行驶时,道岔梁竖向响应大且呈“拍振”特征;高速行驶时,道岔竖向位移小且沿轴向分布均匀.支墩跨度对道岔振动响应影响显著.     

中低速磁浮诱发交通枢纽换乘中心振动响应研究

针对中低速磁浮诱发机场综合交通枢纽换乘中心（GTC）振动问题,建立磁浮列车-轨道梁耦合振动模型和轨道梁-GTC-土体有限元模型,采用两步法对车致GTC振动响应特征、传播规律和振级进行分析.磁浮列车采用多体动力学建模,轨道梁采用有限元法建模,两者之间通过线性化磁轨关系形成耦合振动模型,并通过与现场实测结果对比验证了模型的正确性.基于所建立的耦合振动模型,获取H型钢轨枕与承轨台之间的扣件力时程并将其施加在轨道梁-GTC-土体模型上,通过瞬态分析得到了GTC典型观测点的动力响应.结果表明：磁浮列车诱发振动沿高度方向传播时,结构柱和楼板的振动响应均随高度的增加先减小后增大,沿水平方向传播时,振动响应随距离的增大而快速衰减;GTC振动响应存在明显的倍频现象,即扣件力主频倍频处振动响应的功率谱密度曲线存在明显峰值;当车速为60 km/h时,车辆激励主频与轨道梁一阶竖向自振频率接近,此时观测点的1/3倍频程最大振级大于其他车速;当磁浮列车以60~120 km/h车速通过GTC时,各楼层最大Z振级均未超过规范限值,表明该机场GTC具有良好的整体刚度.     

简支梁上CRTSⅡ型无砟轨道动力特性的试验研究

为研究纵连板式无砟轨道-桥梁整体的动力性能,对桥上CRTSⅡ型无砟轨道建立了多测点测量系统,详细观测了CRTSⅡ型轨道工作时各结构的响应特征,对各结构的横向加速度、竖向加速度、竖向位移以及梁体的自振频率、阻尼比、动力系数进行了统计分析.结果表明:CRTSⅡ型无砟轨道系统的竖向总减振率可达90%以上,行车振动传至桥面板时,最大竖向加速度幅值为3.93 m/s~2,最大竖向位移幅值为0.131 4 mm,满足相关规范要求;行车振动对邻线影响较小,且影响主要集中在简支梁固定支座端;车致振动响应基本与行车速度呈正相关;在特定速度附近,部分结构可能产生与轨道系统整体不同步的振动模式,存在离缝与损坏的隐患;在CRTSⅡ型无砟轨道系统下,简支梁一阶竖向自振频率约为7.27 Hz,略大于裸梁理论值.     

动车组车体底边梁用6005A铝型材检验分析

6005A铝合金大截面复杂制品作为轨道车体的边梁或枕梁,对轨道车体的整体起连接和承重作用,是动车组车体的关键部位。采用电子万能试验机、铝型材压力试验机、光学显微镜等研究了速度达400 km·h^-1动车组车体底边梁用6005A铝型材的强度、显微组织和断口形貌等,旨在为动车组用铝挤压型材产品检验和工艺制度制定提供技术支持与指导。     

重组竹梁抗弯性能试验

为研究重组竹的抗弯性能,本文制作了6根足尺矩形截面重组竹梁,采用4点弯曲加载方法,测量了不同荷载下重组竹梁的跨中挠度和横截面应变.试验结果表明:重组竹梁的跨中挠度和纵向应变均与荷载成线性关系,且与理论结果一致;指接位置接近支座时,重组竹梁的抗弯性能较好,试验所得最大压应变和最大拉应变分别为-7.855 62×10~(-3)和6.980 27×10~(-3),极限荷载为110kN,最大挠度为28.75mm;指接位置位于跨中时重组竹梁抗弯性能较差,此时重组竹梁的最大压应变和最大拉应变分别为-2.717 44×10~(-3)和3.584 94×10~(-3),极限荷载仅为65.34kN,最大挠度为14.44mm.因此,重组竹梁用作抗弯构件时应避免指接位置位于受拉侧弯矩较大处..     

空腹桁架梁-空腹夹层板楼盖的静力性能分析

空腹桁架梁-空腹夹层板是一种新型空腹夹层板,为研究其在静力作用下挠度变化,采用参数化建模分析,通过改变混凝土板厚度、空腹桁架梁及空腹夹层板上下肋刚度、剪力键和边柱刚度、跨高比等,建立94个有限元模型,得出这些因素对楼盖挠度的影响程度。研究表明,混凝土楼盖厚度增加,楼盖挠度先增加后减小;空腹桁架梁上下肋刚度与挠度近似呈线性变化;剪力键和边柱的刚度与挠度呈非线性变化,且随着刚度增大其对挠度影响程度逐渐降低;跨高比与挠度呈近似正比关系,且跨高比对结构挠度影响最大,为控制挠度的主控因素。     

带开孔板连接件的压型钢板‒混凝土组合桥面板疲劳性能试验研究

为研究带开孔板连接件（PBL连接件）的压型钢板?混凝土组合桥面板的疲劳性能，设计制作了1块连续组合桥面板试件，试件长9.25 m，宽1.5 m，最大混凝土板厚24 cm，压型钢板厚3 mm；开展了单点变幅疲劳加载和间隔性的静力加载试验，测试了试件的跨中挠度、钢底板和负弯矩区钢筋应变，观测了负弯矩区混凝土裂缝的分布与发展，测量了最大裂缝宽度，得到了组合桥面板试件受力性能随疲劳加载次数增加而退化的过程以及和试件的疲劳破坏形态。试验结果表明：组合桥面板试件的受力性能随着疲劳加载次数的增加而发生退化；在经过累计600万次疲劳加载后试件未发生破坏，表明其具有较好的抗疲劳性能；组合桥面板试件最终的疲劳破坏形态为跨中截面钢底板断裂破坏，裂纹最先萌生于PBL连接件与钢底板焊接位置，同时静载下负弯矩区混凝土的最大裂缝宽度达到了0.2 mm，利用线性损伤准则分析了已有的S-N（应力幅?循环次数）曲线对组合桥面板的适用性。     

大粒径石灰石高温分解动力学

构建符合炼钢溅渣护炉阶段和开吹阶段在转炉中直接投入石灰石代替石灰的模型,对不同粒径、不同传热条件下的大粒径石灰石进行高温分解实验。通过实验求得石灰石分解转化率α,选取适合的反应控速环节,对不同控速环节进行分析,研究溅渣护炉阶段和开吹阶段大粒径石灰石等温加热动力学机理。结果表明：石灰石转化率随粒径增加减小,随温度升高增大;溅渣护炉阶段界面化学反应控速,分解模式为随机成核与随后生长模式,符合Avrami-Erofeev方程,最概然函数积分形式为：G（α）=[-ln（1-α）]ⁿ,n=3/4;开吹阶段产物层传热与CO₂扩散控速,温度一定时,时间t和（1-α）ln（1-α）+α<之间存在线性关系。     

简支梁桥线形变化对轻轨列车单双线运行性的影响及差异

以列车-轨道-桥梁系统动力分析理论为基础,基于商业软件ANSYS和APDL语言,针对某城市轻轨工程,建立考虑简支梁桥线形变化的轻轨列车-轨道-桥梁三维动力非线性分析有限元模型,研究桥墩沉降、梁体下挠/上拱对轻轨列车单双线运行性能的影响。研究结果表明:所建模型具有高效、稳定、可靠、可视等特点;桥梁跨中竖向位移响应在列车交会区约为单线运行时的2倍,轮重减载率与单线过桥相比无显著变化,车体最大加速度和Sperling指数较单线过桥时小幅增加;车速是影响轻轨列车运行安全性最主要的因素,其次是梁体线形变化,而运行方式影响程度最小;伴随车速增加,轻轨列车运行平稳性变差;与车体最大加速度相比,Sperling指数对单双线运行方式的影响有更好区分度。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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