环上强保持k-Jordan乘积的映射

对于任意给定的正整数k≥1,环R上的元x,y的k-Jordan乘积定义为{x,y}_k={{x,y}_(k-1),y}_1,其中{x,y}_0=x,{x,y}_1=xy+yx.假设R是含有单位元与非平凡幂等元的环,f∶R→R是满射。文章证明了在一定的假设条件下,f满足{f(x),f(y)}_k={x,y}_k对所有的x,y∈R成立当且仅当f(x)=λx对所有的x∈R成立,其中λ∈Z(R)(R的中心)且λ~(k+1)=1.作为应用,给出了素环与von Neumann代数上保持此类性质映射的完全刻画。     

一类代数上的弱可加交换映射

设A是一个有单位元1的代数.称映射f:A→A是一个弱可加映射,如果满足对任意的x,y∈A,存在t_(x,y)S_(x,y)∈F使得f(x+y)=t_(x,y)f(x)+s_(x,y)f(y)成立.本文证明了在一定的假设下,如果f是交换映射,则存在λ_0(x)∈A和一个从A到Z(A)的映射λ_1,使得对所有的x∈A有f(x)=λ_0(x)x+λ_1(x).作为应用,刻画了M_n(F)上一类交换的弱可加映射.     

一类射影平坦球对称芬斯勒度量

讨论了球对称芬斯勒度量F=|y|Φ(|x|~2/2,x,y|y|),其中x∈B~n(r)■R~n,y∈T_xB~n(r)\{0},Φ∶[0,r)×R→R,通过构造其射影平坦偏微分方程,得到了一个可以展成形如Φ(t,s)=e~(λt)[a_0+a_1s+∑_(k=1)~∞(-1)~(k-1)·a_0s~(2k)/(2k-1)(2k)!!]的解.     

二连通图的最长圈

本文证明:设G为n阶2连通图,D(x)={y|y∈V(G),d(x,y)≤2},d_d~*(x)表示D(x)中所有的点的度排成的非减度序列:d_1~*,d_2~*,…,d_j~*,d_(j+1)~*,…,d_(|D(x)|)~*中当下标j=d(x)时的度。δ_0=min{d(x)|x∈V(G)},D(δ_(i-1))={x|x∈V(G),d(x)≥δ(i-1)}(i=1,2,…,k),δ_i=min{d_(d(x))~*|x∈D(δ(i-1))}(i=1,2,…,k)且δ_0<δ_1<δ_2<…<δ_(k-1)≤δ_k,则C(G)≥min{n,2δ_k}。此外也给出δ_k的算法。     

几类笛卡尔乘积图的邻点全和可区别全染色

设f:V(G)∪E(G)→[k]是图G的一个非正常的k-全染色,令权重 φ(x)=f(x)+∑x∈e f(e)+∑y∈N(x)f(y),其中,N(x)={y∈V(G)|xy∈E(G)}对任意的边uv∈E(G),如果有φ(u)≠φ(v)成立,则称f为图G的一个邻点全和可区别非正常k-全染色.图G的邻点全和可区别非正常全染...     

环的交换性定理

本文证明了如下定理:定理1 环R有左单位元,N为R的幂零集元合,(?)x,y∈R,若x≡y((?)od N)就导致x,y与N中元可换或x~k=y~k,x~(k+1)=y~(k+1),其中k=k(x,y)>2,则N为R的理想;且当R/N的每一子环都幂等时,R为交换环.定理2 环R有左单位元且为2-扭自由,N为R的暴零元集合.若V~x,y∈R,x≡y(mod N)就导致x,y与N中元可换或x~k=y~k,x~(k+1)=y~(k+1),k=k(x,y)>2;或x~2=y~2,则N为R的理想,且当R/N的每一子环幂等时,R为交换环.     

具有密度制约的一类微分生态系统的定性分析

本文研究捕食者——食饵种群相互作用中的微分生态系统其中参数α、b、γ_1、γ_2、d、F、λ人均为正数.x、y分别表示食饵种群与捕食者种群的密度,F示表食饵种群的存放率.p(x、y)与Q(x、y)均定义在区域R={(x,y)|x>0,y>0}或R~*={(x、y)|x≥0,y≥0}上.1 无闭轨线存在的充分条件水平等倾线Q(x,y)=0,即x=x~*=(d/r_2)~(1/λ),y=0(x轴).铅直等倾线P(x,y)=0,即y=1/(γ_1x~λ)(αx-bx~2+F),它有两个极值点     

单位正则环中的零化子

环R称为单位正则环,如果对任何x∈R,有可逆元u∈R使得x=xux.文章利用零化子刻画了单位正则环,证明了正则环是单位正则环当仅当l(a)∩l(b)=l(d)时,有y∈R使得l(a)∩l(b)=t(a+by),当仅当l(a)=l(b)时,有u∈U(R)使得a=bua.     

一类具有偏差变元的二阶泛函微分方程周期解

利用重合度理论,研究一类具有偏差变元的二阶微分方程x″+f(t,x′(t))+g(t,x(t-τ(t)))=p(t)的周期解的存在性问题.其中,f,g∈C(R×R,R),且对任意的x∈R,g(t+ω,x)=g(t,x),p∈C(R,R),τ∈C(R,R)是ω-周期的.在不要求对所有的y∈R,函数f(t,y)≤0(f(t,y)≥0),t∈R的情况下,得到该类方程至少存在一个ω-周期解的充分条件.     

单位正则环中的零化子(英文)

环R称为单位正则环,如果对任何x∈R,有可逆元u∈R使得x=xux.文章利用零化子刻画了单位正则环,证明了正则环是单位正则环当仅当l(a)∩l(b)=l(d)时,有y∈R使得l(a)∩l(b)=l(a+by),当仅当l(a)=l(b)时,有u∈U(R)使得a=bua.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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