Maternal control of Drosophila segmentation gene expression

Several genes have been identified that are involved in establishing the segmented body pattern during development of the fruit-fly Drosophila melanogaster. These fall into several classes on the basis of the kind of alteration to the wild-type segmentation pattern observed in mutant embryos. For example, mutations of the pair-rule class, such as fushi tarazu (ftz), cause the deletion of pattern elements with a two-segment periodicity; those of the gap class, such as knirps, cause the deletion of contiguous groups of segments. The availability of antibodies against the ftz protein has allowed its spatial pattern of expression to be studied during the development of wild-type and mutant embryos. The aim of the latter kind of experiment is to investigate possible interactions between these important genes. We have recently reported that knirps mutations cause a striking alteration to the pattern of transverse stripes of ftz expression usually seen during embryogenesis. Knirps is a zygotically-expressed gene, but recently a class of maternally-active genes has been identified that causes similar defects in pattern formation. We have now investigated the pattern of ftz expression in mutants of this class and have found that while they do have features seen in knirps mutants, they also exhibit significant differences between the different mutations reflecting the distinct but overlapping domains of gene activity. These observations demonstrate that maternally-active segmentation genes regulate zygotic gene expression, and that some of their effects on ftz may be directed through the knirps gene.     

Progress in artificial control system for gene expression

Along with the increasingly wide application of transgenic techniques, new stricter criteria have been raised for controlling the expression of exogenous genes. For these demands, a series of artificial control systems for gene expression have been developed and testified in recent years, which can control exogenous genes expression in exact time and certain level by administration of a specific drug or hormone. The successful construction of these systems offers a practicable method to control precise expression of exogenous gene in organisms, and raises the feasibility of wide application of gene therapy.     

电机停车后再启动控制电路设计

电机短时间内再次自动启动引起电机主回路空气开关保护动作——速断,导致生产流程中断这一问题,采用实验方法进行研究,增加一个断电延时的时间继电器,利用它的延时闭合常闭点作为电动机的控制信号。通过这种方法对电机的控制电路进行改进,避免了空气开关在电机没有故障的情况下动作,确保了生产时间,实践证明该方法可行。     

基于基因表达调控的进化模型

为了研究生物进化过程中高级复杂结构的出现和不同复杂程度的各种结构并存的现象 ,建立了一个简单的进化模型。在模型中 ,考虑了基因的表达调控过程 ,借鉴了生命作为复杂系统的自组织现象 ,提出了基因突变产生的系列突变效果。在模仿生物的进化的实验过程中 ,出现了由简单结构向复杂结构进化的趋势。对这一过程进行了理论分析 ,将模型推广到多个物种的情况 ,并结合生物学中的现象 ,得出了结论 :生物演化过程中 ,同时存在进化与退化的趋势 ;高级复杂结构的出现是在一定的外界环境下 ,生物种群内部出现的自组织过程     

Hormones in the translational control of early germination in wheat embryos

Gibberellic and abscisic acid seem to exert their effects on germination by acting in some way at the level of translation. The two hormones may act at different sites.     

An autonomous molecular computer for logical control of gene expression

Early biomolecular computer research focused on laboratory-scale, human-operated computers for complex computational problems. Recently, simple molecular-scale autonomous programmable computers were demonstrated allowing both input and output information to be in molecular form. Such computers, using biological molecules as input data and biologically active molecules as outputs, could produce a system for 'logical' control of biological processes. Here we describe an autonomous biomolecular computer that, at least in vitro, logically analyses the levels of messenger RNA species, and in response produces a molecule capable of affecting levels of gene expression. The computer operates at a concentration of close to a trillion computers per microlitre and consists of three programmable modules: a computation module, that is, a stochastic molecular automaton; an input module, by which specific mRNA levels or point mutations regulate software molecule concentrations, and hence automaton transition probabilities; and an output module, capable of controlled release of a short single-stranded DNA molecule. This approach might be applied in vivo to biochemical sensing, genetic engineering and even medical diagnosis and treatment. As a proof of principle we programmed the computer to identify and analyse mRNA of disease-related genes associated with models of small-cell lung cancer and prostate cancer, and to produce a single-stranded DNA molecule modelled after an anticancer drug.     

多层升降横移式立体停车库的结构和控制系统

介绍了立体停车库的主要形式 ,着重分析了多层升降横移式立体停车库的结构及控制系统原理 ,编制了多层升降横移式立体停车库控制系统的程序 .经调试、运行证明 :采用可编程序控制器 (PLC)作为控制系统可行、简单且易于实现     

伪特征值对与伪特征向量对

推广了特征值与特征向量的概念，并讨论了伪特征值对与伪特征向量对的一些性质。     

篮球运动中的假动作

从技术的角度,对篮球运动中假动作进行分析,提出篮球假动作的运用方法.     

论翻译中的“伪忠实”——从一则“忠实”翻译的不靠谱谈起

衡量译作不能简单地依照所谓"忠实"原则,因为译者与作者、译者与原文本之间横亘着地域和时空的界限,以及语言和文化的障碍。翻译绝对不是一种纯语言的行为,它深深根植于语言所处的文化之中。译者应根据原语的语言、文化功能,在译入语中做到功能上等值。