宽束冷阴极离子源工作中电荷积累的影响和中和方法

离子束辅助镀膜沉积过程中,绝缘工件上的电荷积累效应严重影响了薄膜质量,本文提出了电荷积累的危害,并且提出了三种中和办法,以消除薄膜表面的放电现象。最后经过实验证明分时中和可以很好的抑制电荷积累现象。     

消除静电危害的方法综述

本文综述了消除静电危害的三各方法，评述了各种方法的现状并对发展前景作了展望。     

亚硫酸法糖厂工艺用SO_2污染分析

主要分析SO2在亚硫酸法糖厂工艺使用过程中对环境造成的污染,SO2在亚硫酸法糖厂中的作用;SO2污染的危害;SO2在亚硫酸法糖厂生产使用状况,只需要利用蔗汁(或糖浆)的静压力作为工作的原动力,不需要其他动力,维护方便;市场上出现了一种环保高效汽化旋风低温燃硫炉,这种燃硫炉解决了传统燃硫炉存在的缺点;制备SO2设备的更新等;并就防范这些污染的提出了一些措施。     

略论中和文化与西部开发的得失

中国的地理、气候自古就存在着东西部的差距和矛盾,也就需要中和理论的指导,以开发西部巩固边疆和统一多民族的国家。古今西部开发的得失反映了中和文化的得失。     

儒家传统文化对《西游记》的影响--论《西游记》的中和意识

《西游记》深受儒家传统文化的影响,在儒家中和意识的支配下,它通过情节来展现人的命运,显示了一种保守的人格精神———儒家文化的中和主义,以此来表述一种“中庸”的人生观念,倡导一种理想的社会伦理道德,《西游记》是儒家传统文化的载体。     

“西学中和”：中国现代美学初创阶段的另一种叙事

用“西学东渐”来叙述中国现代美学初创时期的进程不仅不符合历史的事实,而且也成为制约中国当代美学发展的思想瓶颈。本文主张用“西学中和”对这一时期的中国美学进行重新叙述,一方面认同当时的中国学人对西方美学的借鉴、吸收与综合,另一方面突出他们对传统美学思想的尊重以及对传统美学“中和”精神的运用。     

减少亚硫酸法清汁中Ca^2＋和SO3^2—的方法及其机理

对亚硫酸法糖汁清净过程中，清汁的Ｃａ２＋和ＳＯ２－３含量随硫熏强度及中和ｐＨ值升高而降低这一实验结果进行了机理探讨．并指出高硫熏和偏碱ｐＨ值是减少清汁中Ｃａ２＋和ＳＯ２－３的有效方法．     

从中和渣提取锗的研究

从含锌废渣生产七水硫酸锌，在中和除铁过程中得到的废渣有较高的锗含量，从中提取锗可以充分利用矿产资源，具有较高的经济价值．     

兰州石化公司动力厂酸碱性废水中和设施改造的方案探讨

针对酸碱性废水中和设施的改造方案进行了探讨，并提出了可行性的解决方案。     

中和素朴:布依族在生活中演绎的审美意识

布依族审美意识倾向于在对立中求得和谐,彰显中和素朴的平淡自然之美,它很少上升到玄妙高深的理论体系而多以一种古朴的常态文化形式在其日常生活中演绎着,它主要表现在:一、布依族服饰———穿在身上的生境审美体验;二、布依族建筑———修在生境中的审美观;三、布依族节日———种谷历程中的审美表述。     

Induction of multi-epitopespecific antibodies against HIV-1 by multi-epitopevaccines

Some neutralizing antibodies against HIV-1 envelope proteins were highly effective to inhibit the infection of different strainsin vitro, and existed in the infected individuals with very low levels. We suggested multi-epitope-vaccine as a new strategy to increase levels of neutralizing antibodies and the abilities against HIV mutationin vivo. Two candidate multi-epitope-vaccines induced antibodies with predefined multi-epitope-specificity in rhesus macaque. These antibodies recognized corresponding neutralizing epitopes on epitope-peptides, gp41 peptides, V3 loop peptide, rsgp41 and rgp120. Besides, three candidate epitope-vaccines in combination (another kind of multi-epitopevaccines) showed similar potency to induce predefined multiple immune responses in rabbits. These results suggest that multi-epitope-vaccines may be a new strategy to induce multi-antiviral activities against HIV-1 infection and mutations.     

干扰素中和抗体与乙肝病毒DNA含量的关系

目的：了解干扰素中和抗体对干扰素疗效的影响。方法：用中和生物法检测64例慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）患者干扰素治疗前后血清的干扰素中和抗体（NA）,同时用荧光定量PCR技术检测干扰素治疗前后血清HBV DNA的含量,结果：64例接受干扰素治疗的CHB患者中21例患者治疗后检出NA（32．81％）,治疗前后的血清HBV DNA含量在NA阳性组无显著性差异（P＞0．05）,在NA阴性组有显著性差异＊（P＜0．05）,21例NA阳性者在治疗结束时1例（4．76％）,患者血清中,HBVDNA被清除,43例NA阴性者在治疗结束时16例（37．21％）患者血清中HBV DNA被清除,二者比较P＜0．01,结论：NA能影响干扰素的疗效,并可作为预测干扰素疗效的指标。     

同时采用接地保护和接零保护的危害

介绍了供电系统中电气设备的接地和接零保护,通过对一起人身触电死亡事故的分析和计算,指出在同一供电系统中电气设备绝不允许同时采用接地和接零两种保护。     

Repeated epitope in the recombinant epitope-peptide could enhance ELDKWA-epitope-specific antibody response

Based on the hypothesis suggested by us that epitope-vaccine may be a new strategy against HIV mutation, we have studied several neutralizing epitopes on HIV envelope proteins. However we do not know whether a repeated epitope in a recombinant epitope-peptide can enhance epitope-specific antibody response or not. ELDKWA-epitope (aa669-674) on the C-domain of HIV-1 gp41 is a neutralizing epitope defined by the monoclonal antibody (mAb) 2F5 with broad neutralizing activity. In this study, we designed and prepared a series of the recombinant epitope-peptides bearing 1, 4 and 8 copies of ELDKWA-epitope respectively. In the comparison of the antisera induced by the three recombinant antigens, an obviously increased titre of ELDKWA-epitope-specific antibody was observed in the case of four and eight repeated epitopes. In flow cytometry analysis, the epitope-specific antibodies in both antisera showed stronger activity to bind the transfected CHO-WT cells that stably express HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein on the cell surfaces. These experimental results indicated that repeated epitope in the recombinant epitope-peptide could enhance ELDKWA-epitope-specific antibody response, which could contribute to designing an effective recombinant epitope-vaccine.     

Antibodies induced by multi?epitope vaccine showed inhibitory activity against heterologous influenza A virus (H3N2)

In this study, recognition of 4 recombinant viral proteins (GST?NHA1) by the antibodies induced by multi?epitope vaccine was testified. Inhibitory activities of these antibodies were also investigated in vitro against four heterologous influenza A viruses (H3N2). Three epitope?specific antibodies purified by affinity chromatography could reduce the plaque formation. Interestingly, the three neutralizing antibodies in combination showed obvious enhancement of inhibitory activity, suggesting that the development of recombinant multi?epitope vaccine might be an effective way against viral mutation.     

Structural characteristics and biological functions of the HIV-1 gp120 V3 region

Recent studies demonstrate that the V3 loop of HIV-1 gp120 plays an important role in the attachment of HIV-1 to the target cells. Several amino acids in this domain are involved in the interaction of gp120 with the co-receptors. The V3 loop elicits one of the earliest antiviral antibody responses in HIV-1 infection and has been identified as the principal neutralizing determinant (PND). A subset of antibodies to V3 loop show a broad range of neutralizing activity. Unfortunately, this loop undergoes broad mutation and is one of the hypervariable regions. Mutations of some amino acids in this PND could affect syncytium formation, virus infectivity and neutralization. Knowing the structural characteristics and biological functions of the V3 region could help us to understand mechanism of HIV infection and to develop new strategy against HIV-1. In this review, the structural characteristics, variation and biological functions of the V3 loop as well as immunological responses to the V3 loop are discussed.     

靶向基因疫苗pcDNA3/MDC-VP1的构建及免疫效果

用RT-PCR扩增小鼠巨噬细胞源趋化因子(macrophage-derived chemokine,MDC)基因,与柯萨奇病毒B组3型(CVB3)VP1基因通过一个编码10个氨基酸残基的接头序列(Gly4Ser)2相连,形成融合基因MDC-VP1,构建真核表达质粒pcDNA3/MDC-VP1,作为疫苗免疫BALB/c小鼠.3次免疫后,pcDNA3/MDC-VP1组小鼠血清中和抗体滴度明显高于pcDNA3/VP1组;而病毒滴度低于pcDNA3/VP1组.用10 LD50CVB3攻击,pcDNA3/MDC-VP1组小鼠生存率为50%,用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析,生存率高于其他各组.     

Prediction of a common neutralizing epitope of H5N1 avian influenza virus by in silico molecular docking

The H5N1 avian influenza virus （AIV） has widely spread in Asia, Europe and Africa, making a large amount of economic loss. Recently, our research group has screened a common neutralizing mono-clonal antibody named 8H5, which can neutralize almost all H5 subtype AIV ever isolated so far. Obviously, this monoclonal antibody would benefit for research and development of the universal AIV vac-cine and design of the drug against H5N1 AIV in high mutation rate. In this study, the homology modeling was applied to generate the 3D structure of 8H5 Fab fragment, and ＂canonical structure＂ method was used to define the specified loop conformation of CDR regions. The model was subjected to energy minimization in cvff force field with Discovery module in Insight II program. The resulting model has correct stereochemistry as gauged from the Ramachandran plot calculation and good 3D-structure compatibility as assessed by interaction energy analysis, solvent accessible surface （SAS） analysis, and Profiles-3D approach. Furthermore, the 8H5 Fab model was subjected to docking with three H5 subtype hemagglutinin （HA） structures deposited in PDB （ID No： ljsm, 2ibx and 2fk0） respectively. The result indicates that the three docked complexes share a common binding interface, but differ in binding angle related with HA structure similarity between viral subtypes. In the light of the three HA inter-faces with structural homology analysis, the common neutralizing epitope on HA recognized by 8H5 consists of 9 incontinuous amino acid residues： Asp^58, Asn^72, Glu^112, Lys^113, lie^114, Pro^118, Ser^120, Tyr^137, Tyr^252 （numbered as for ljsm sequence）. The primary purpose of the present work is to provide some insight into structure and binding details of a common neutralizing epitope of H5N1 AIV, thereby aiding in the structure-based design of universal AIV vaccines and anti-virus therapeutic drugs.     

Prediction of a common neutralizing epitope of H5N1 avian influenza virus by in silico molecular docking

The H5N1 avian influenza virus (AIV) has widely spread in Asia, Europe and Africa, making a large amount of economic loss. Recently, our research group has screened a common neutralizing mono- clonal antibody named 8H5, which can neutralize almost all H5 subtype AIV ever isolated so far. Obvi- ously, this monoclonal antibody would benefit for research and development of the universal AIV vac- cine and design of the drug against H5N1 AIV in high mutation rate. In this study, the homology mod- eling was applied to generate the 3D structure of 8H5 Fab fragment, and "canonical structure" method was used to define the specified loop conformation of CDR regions. The model was subjected to en- ergy minimization in cvff force field with Discovery module in Insight II program. The resulting model has correct stereochemistry as gauged from the Ramachandran plot calculation and good 3D-structure compatibility as assessed by interaction energy analysis, solvent accessible surface (SAS) analysis, and Profiles-3D approach. Furthermore, the 8H5 Fab model was subjected to docking with three H5 subtype hemagglutinin (HA) structures deposited in PDB (ID No: 1jsm, 2ibx and 2fk0) respectively. The result indicates that the three docked complexes share a common binding interface, but differ in bind- ing angle related with HA structure similarity between viral subtypes. In the light of the three HA inter- faces with structural homology analysis, the common neutralizing epitope on HA recognized by 8H5 consists of 9 incontinuous amino acid residues: Asp68, Asn72, Glu112, Lys113, Ile114, Pro118, Ser120, Tyr137, Tyr252 (numbered as for 1jsm sequence). The primary purpose of the present work is to provide some insight into structure and binding details of a common neutralizing epitope of H5N1 AIV, thereby aiding in the structure-based design of universal AIV vaccines and anti-virus therapeutic drugs.     

Therapeutic induction of angiogenesis by direct myocardial administration of an adenovirus vector encoding human hepatocyte growth factor gene and its safety

After the study in vitro and in rats, we assessed further the effects and safety of local angiogen therapy using intramyocardial delivery of an adenovirus carrying hepatocyte growth factor gene (Ad-HGF) in a canine ischemia model. The angiogenic activity of Ad-HGF was evaluated from three aspects. First, the augmentation of collateral vessel development was assessed by angiography 30 d after surgery. The results showed that the density of collateral vessels in treated group was higher than that of control group. Secondly, infarct size was evaluated by TTC staining and image analysis. The results showed that the infarct size of treated group was smaller than that of control group. Thirdly, the myocardial regional blood flow was determined by the method of colored microspheres. The results showed that the blood flow recovered to the level before ligation in treated group, but that of the control group was lower than normal level. In addition, during the study of chronic toxicity, we tested the anti-adenovirus antibodies by neutralization method. The antibodies yielded after the fourth injection decreased slowly from peak level and disappeared 12 weeks after drug withdrawal. Overall, Ad-HGF can promote angiogenesis in ischemic myocardium and reduce infarct size. So this method may be considered as a therapeutic angiogenesis induction strategy for ischemic disease including myocardial infarction and peripheral artery disease. At the same time, Ad-HGF could induce the yield of anti-adenovirus antibodies to neutralize adenovirus, which may be the mechanism of adenovirus clearance.