提高农民科技文化素质是破解我国"三农" 问题的根本途径

农业、农村和农民问题是事关我国社会主义现代化和全面建设小康社会的重大问题。“三农”问题的最终决定因素是人,因此农民科技文化素质提高就成为当前或今后相当长时期内的一项重要任务。在此,围绕这一想法从现代农业科技发展、农业现代化、外向型农业以及农民自身素质现状等方面谈及提高农民科技文化素质,培养新世纪现代农民的必要性。针对农民科技文化素质提高问题提出了对策与建议。     

“绿色证书”工程建设初探

“绿色证书”中的“绿色”原意是指绿色植物,现已引伸为整个大农业。绿色证书是一种职业资格证书,它标志从事某一专业岗位的农民已具备了从事该行业的基本知识和技能,并通过农业技术部门的系统培训、考试、考核、成绩合格。在农业现代化建设的进程中,农民持证从业将成为一种制度,而这一制度的建立则依赖于“绿证”工程的全面实施。 显然,“绿证”工程旨在提高农业现代化的水平,提高整个农村社会的科技文化素质。由于我国农村幅员广宽,人口众多,特别是直接从事种、养业的纯农户大多数文化素质偏低,接受和运用科技的能力薄弱,所以“绿证工程”建设也是针对我国农村的实际提出的重大决策。本文试对县级“绿证工程”建设作一粗浅论述。     

浅论我国“农民知识化”政策演进、演进逻辑及发展方向

中国是一个农民人口占大多数的国家,"严重的问题是教育农民"。农民知识化是农民现代化进程中不可或缺的环节。建国以来,农民知识化进程经历了兴起、转向、回归、平稳和拓展五个时期。从演进逻辑来看,农民知识化政策是服从和服务于国家总体目标、在内容和形式上不断完善扩展的。以此为依据,可以窥视到未来中国农民知识化的发展方向。     

农业现代化应以知识化为先导

阐述了农业知识化和农民知识化是实现从传统农业向现代农业发展的历史必然和时代要求，提出了实现这一宏伟目标的主要途径。     

福建省农业现代化过程中的科学技术政策研究

改革开放以来,福建省的农业和农村经济得到了飞速发展,为我省国民经济提前翻两番作出了贡献。并进一步提出了要在坚持“增粮增收保供给,脱贫致富奔小康”的基础上,加快发展现代农业,全面推进小康建设。农业现代化是农业良种化、水利化、化学化、机械化、电气化、生态化、持续化、工业化和农民知识化、农村小城镇化的综合体现。世界上发达国家科技对现代农业的贡献率高达80％左右,说明农业的根本出路在于科技进步。农业现代化的关键     

解决“三农”问题关键在于搞好农民教育

我国是一个农村人口占大多数的国家,“三农”问题已经成为我国现代化建设中的突出问题,只有解决“三农”问题,才能实现现代化。解决“三农”问题的关键在于必须搞好农民教育,提高农民科学文化素质,使农民真正摆脱落后,走向文明,这才是农业、农村、农民的根本和长远的利益所在。     

供给侧结构性改革背景下河南新型职业农民就业升级问题研究

供给侧结构性改革是我国全面深化改革的重要举措,也是指导农业发展的基本思路。农业供给侧结构性改革就是要优化升级农业生产要素和生产经营体系,以市场需求为导向,创造高质量的有效供给,提高农业发展的质量和效益。要加快农业现代化进程,必须依靠有一定文化素质、技术水平高、懂得农业经营的新型农民。但河南省在新型职业农民就业升级中存在着观念较为落后、知识技能较低、就业层次较低等问题。要通过营造有利于新型职业农民成长的环境、加大新型农民知识技能培训、提高新型职业农民的就业层次等对策,加快河南省农业供给侧结构性改革和农业现代化进程。     

现代农业的特点对农业高职教育的启示

高等职业院校要根据国家和地区、行业经济社会发展的需要与自身的特点,制订特色鲜明的人才培养方案,探索灵活多样的人才培养模式,大力开展农村劳动力转移培训,努力培养各类农业科技人才,为＂农业现代化、农村城镇化、农民知识化＂提供知识服务,为＂农业增产、农村发展、农民增收＂提供科技服务,为＂发展农业、繁荣农村、致富农民＂提供人才服务,为科教兴农做出应有的贡献。     

加强星火学校建设推进新农村发展——太原市星火学校建设情况调研报告

介绍了太原市星火学校建设、发展的情况及存在的问题,指出加强星火学校建设对于满足太原市农民对科技知识的需求、提高农民科技文化素质、加快农业科技成果转化具有重要意义。     

创新机制 健全体系 开创农业科技服务体系新局面

几年来,我区不断加大科技投入,制定了较完善的农业科技服务体系建设方案,扩大了无公害蔬菜基地和温室保护地的种植面积．加强了对农民运用实用技术的培训力度,完善了奶牛小区的建设,聘请科技特派员．成立农民专业合作社,为菜农提供可靠的产前、产中、产后服务。为加速农业和农村科技成果转化,提高农民科学文化素质。促进农业增效、农民增收,农村科技服务体系建设提供了有力保障。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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