谈氨氮测定时应注意的几点问题

纳氏试剂比色法是测定水中氨氮的国家标准方法.标准方法对氨氮的介绍比较详细,测定步骤也较简单,但实际工作中,情况比较复杂,条件较苛刻,实验空白值难以达到要求(A≤0.030),很多具体的因素都影响该方法的灵敏度,也直接影响分析结果的精密度和准确度.根据多年的实际工作经验,将氨氮测定过程中容易出现的问题及注意事项进行了总结.     

纳氏试剂比色法测定水体中氨氮常见问题与处理办法

纳氏试剂比色法是测定水中氨氮的国家标准方法,由于水中的氨氮浓度作为一项重要参考指标在水质监测工作中实验频率比较高,不少专业技术人员也对纳氏试剂比色法测定氨氮作了许多具体的研究,我们根据工作经验以及专家学者的部分经验,对纳氏试剂比色法测定水体中氨氮常见问题进行了总结与归纳。     

海水中氨氮的纳氏试剂分光光度法测定条件优化

采用纳氏试剂分光光度法,以试液吸光度和浊度作为参考,按照正交试验设计方法,优化了海水中氨氮测定过程中酒石酸钾钠、氢氧化钠及纳氏试剂用量.结果表明：纳氏试剂分光光度法测定海水中氨氮时,纳氏试剂的使用量是影响测定的主要因素.当试液的体积为10mL时,酒石酸钾钠（500g/L）、氢氧化钠（200g/L）和纳氏试剂的最佳用量分别为1.0,0.6,0.2mL,最佳显色时间为10min.通过对实际海水养殖过程中氨氮的测定,验证了优化的测定条件具有很强的实际操作性.     

浅谈水体中氨氮的检测分析

本文介绍了水中氨氮含量的常用测定方法纳氏比色法.并对纳氏检测法测定水中氨氮含量时可能出现的常见问题做了的讨论,提出了相应的解决方案,以期更好的指导实际工作.     

纳氏试剂比色法测定废水中氨氮的注意要点

废水中氨氮的测定方法通常有纳氏试剂比色法、苯酚一次氯酸盐比色法、气相分子吸收法和电极法。其中纳氏试剂比色法因其灵敏、操作简便等特点,广泛应用于工业废水、生活污水、地表水、地下水的测定,是国内外环境监测工作中普遍使用的标准方法之一。本文中根据个人工作经验总结了纳氏试剂比色法在实际工作中的影响因素和解决方法。     

水中氨氮纳氏试剂分光光度法测定与改进

纳氏试剂光度法是目前测定水体中氨氮的最好方法,本人经过长期的研究和实践,对纳氏试剂光法测定氨氮的操作过程,总结出了一套切实可行的操作步骤,同时对方法中纳氏试剂的配制方法、试剂用水的要求、样品测定静止时间等一系列问题进行了改进,提高了工作质量和工作效率。     

连续流动分析法测定养殖海水氨氮的研究

建立了一种利用连续流动分析仪测定养殖海水中氨氮的方法,当氨氮浓度在0～10.0 mg/L范围内,校准曲线的拟合相关系数r为0.999 8,检出限为0.024 mg/L;不同浓度实际养殖海水样品测定的相对标准偏差低于2.5%,加标回收率为93.4%～106%。该方法测定范围宽,测定上限高,由于以在线蒸馏取代手工蒸馏,其自动化程度高,解决了传统方法测定上限低、分析时间长的问题,能够实现养殖海水样品氨氮的连续快速在线分析,在大批量养殖海水样品的连续快速测定方面具有良好的应用前景。     

氧化剂浓度对气相分子吸收光谱法测定水中氨氮影响的研究

气相分子吸收光谱法是测定水中氨氮含量的常用方法.研究了氧化剂浓度对气相分子吸收光谱法测定水中氨氮的影响,通过系列实验考察了不同氧化剂浓度时方法的性能表现.使用较低浓度的氧化剂时,测定氨氮的线性范围为0 ～3.0 mg/L,氧化剂浓度提高一倍后,线性范围提高至0～7.0 mg/L.使用不同浓度的氧化荆测定标准样品和实际样品都获得了良好的精密度和准确度.与纳氏试剂分光光度法相比,气相分子吸收光谱法测定实际样品的结果更低,样品经蒸馏处理后,2种方法测定结果之间的差值减小.     

流动注射-水杨酸光度法测定水中氨氮实验研究

氨氮（NH3-N）是以游离氨（NH3）或铵盐（NH4’）形态存在于水中，是引起水体富营养化的一个主要因素。测定废水中氨氮浓度是环境监测工作中最主要的一项技术指标，以前使用化学法纳氏试剂分光光度比色法，随着科学技术的日益发展，目前出现了一种新型的实验方法，流动注射水杨酸光度法，实验表明此方法操作更加简便快捷，灵敏度高，可适用于多种水样中氨氮测定。     

水中氨氮的测定方法小结及结果分析

水中氮化合物的多少,可作为水体受到含氮有机物污染程度的指标。反映水体受含氮化合物污染程度的几种形态的氮是氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氮、有机氮。水中的氨氮是指以游离氨(或称非离子氨,NH3)和离子氨(NH4+)形式存在的氮。氨氮含量较高时,对鱼类呈现毒害作用,对人体也有不同程度的危害。水中氨氮的来源主要是生活污水中含氮有机物受微生物作用分解的产物、某些工业废水及农田排水等。此外,在无氧环境中,水中存在的亚硝酸盐亦可受微生物作用,还原为氨。在有氧环境中水中氨亦可转变为亚硝酸盐,甚至继续转变为硝酸盐[1]。因此,水中的氨氮存在量对人类有重要影响,测定水中各种形态的氮化合物,有助于评价水体被污染程度和"自净"的程度,所以,测定水中氨氮具有十分重要的意义。氨氮的测定方法很多,下面我们简要介绍几种测定氨氮的方法、原理以及用各种方法对已知氨氮浓度的水样进行测定的结果分析。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~