白色念珠菌基因组研究进展

目的:介绍白色念珠菌基因组的最新研究进展.方法:查阅国内外大量关于白色念珠菌基因组研究的文献并进行综合详述.结果:白色念珠菌是第一个完成全基因组测序的致病性真核生物,在基因组序列信息研究上取得了重大进展,在基因功能、转录组、蛋白质组等方面获得了许多重要成果.结论:白色念珠菌的基因组研究成果将对研究白色念珠菌的致病机制、耐药机制以及抗真菌药物开发有重大的意义.     

系统性白色念珠菌感染小鼠动物模型的研究

为了建立稳定的系统性白色念珠菌感染的C57BL/ 6小鼠模型,选用国际标准型白色念珠菌10231(Candida albicans),经小鼠尾静脉直接注射白色念珠菌酵母细胞; 接种后从感染小鼠的脾中能够分离出白色念珠菌,病理学检查肾组织可见肾盂内有大量白色念珠菌的孢子、菌丝体和炎性细胞浸润.噬菌体展示的白色念珠菌HSP 90多肽和热灭活的白色念珠菌菌苗能明显减少感染小鼠肾脏负荷的真菌量.结果说明经尾静脉注射合适剂量的白色念珠菌可建立稳定的小鼠系统性白色念珠菌感染模型,该模型可用于研究系统性白色念珠菌感染的致病机理、免疫和预防.     

白色念珠菌SC5314原生质体制备的研究

通过研究白色念珠菌菌龄、预处理剂、酶解温度、裂解酶种类、酶解时间等不同因素对白色念珠菌SC5314原生质体制备的影响,确定了其原生质体制备的条件:选用菌龄为12 h的菌体,用50 mmol/L EDTA+5%巯基乙醇(体积比)+50 mmol/L Tris (pH=8.0)的复合预处理剂进行预处理,用0.7 mmol/L的NaCl作为渗透压稳定剂,1%的蜗牛酶+1%的纤维素酶+1%的溶壁酶在30 ℃的条件下酶解120 min.在此条件下,其原生质体制备率高达98%.     

白色念珠菌基因分型方法研究进展

目的：探讨近年来白色念珠菌基因分型方法研究的新进展。方法：查阅相关文献资料，归纳总结。结果：白色念珠菌基因分型是近年来白色念珠菌分子生物学研究中的一个热点和主要方向，其方法很多。常用的分子生物学技术各有千秋，目前倾向于计算机辅助分析，多种分型技术合用。结论：白色念珠菌基因分型方法研究有新进展，对临床念珠菌病的诊断、治疗及分子流行病学研究等具有重要意义，同时，理想的分型技术还有待进一步研究。     

PCR技术检测致病真菌感染的研究

目的建立适合临床实践的常见致病真菌的PCR检测方法。方法根据真菌的保守基因设计不同的特异性引物,对152例临床标本进行PCR检测,与传统检验方法的结果进行比较。结果真菌培养阳性46例;真菌PCR检测阳性57例,分别为白色念珠菌感染30份、烟曲霉感染9份、黄曲菌感染8份,其他真菌感染10份。两种方法比较,检出率差异无统计学意义。结论 PCR法可快速、特异、灵敏地检测致病真菌,适合临床实验室的快速诊断。     

HIV/HCV共感染患者念珠菌检出情况及相关研究

目的通过研究101例HIV/HCV共感染患者念珠菌检出情况,分析其可能的相关因素.方法采集101例HIV/HCV共感染患者口腔、皮肤、指甲标本,采用CHROMagar念珠菌显色培养基培养、45℃生长试验及API-20C-AUX鉴定系统鉴定到种,同时进行单因素和多因素分析.结果 101例HIV/HCV共感染患者中有44例(43.6%)检出念珠菌,所分离到的44株念珠菌中,有19株白念珠菌(43.2%),9株近平滑念珠菌(20.5%),8株季也蒙念珠菌(18.2%),1株为热带念珠菌(2.3%),1株克柔念珠菌(2.3%),5株涎沫假丝酵母菌(11.4%),1株产朊假丝酵母(2.3%).通过单因素和多因素分析发现:该人群念珠菌检出率的CD4计数、病毒载量比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.01).结论 HIV/HCV共感染患者念珠菌主要菌种是白念珠菌、近平滑念珠菌和季也蒙念珠菌;检出率与CD4计数、病毒载量高度相关;检出率可能对HIV/HCV共感染患者判断临床预后有一定参考价值.     

噻吩类杂环化合物抗白色念珠菌药敏研究

针对钯催化偶联反应合成的一系列新型噻吩类杂环化合物,采用滤纸片和平板培养法研究其抑菌活性。结果表明,实验中噻吩类化合物样品对白色念珠菌作用显著,最低抑制质量浓度(MIC)分别为25和50mg/L。     

噻吩类杂环化合物抗白色念珠菌药敏研究

针对钯催化偶联反应合成的一系列新型噻吩类杂环化合物,采用滤纸片和平板培养法研究其抑菌活性.结果表明,实验中噻吩类化合物样品对白色念珠菌作用显著,最低抑制质量浓度(MIC)分别为25和50 mg/L.     

白羽肉鸡白色念珠菌病的诊断与防治措施

集约化白羽肉鸡饲养,白色念珠菌病容易发生,影响肉鸡采食,出栏时间延长,料比增加,肉鸡效益差,严重的引起肉鸡死亡。利用硫酸铜来防治,可得到有效控制白色念珠菌。     

香雪兰精油体外抗白色念珠菌的机制初探

从白色念珠菌的增殖、活性氧(ROS)的积累、细胞膜的完整性和线粒体功能障碍等几个方面,研究了香雪兰精油的抗真菌作用.结果表明:白色念珠菌对香雪兰精油极度敏感,精油的最小抑菌浓度和最小杀菌浓度分别为0.1％ 和0.25％(质量分数);精油处理能导致白色念珠菌核酸、蛋白质泄漏,细胞形态改变以及胞内ROS积累,进而加强脂质过...     

白色念珠菌的鉴定和培养

介绍了白色念珠菌的简易分离和鉴定方法：先将菌种接种于沙堡氏培养基上,待长出菌落后,挑取单少接种于玉米玉脂（或玉米吐温８０）培养基上形成厚膜孢子,然后再结合糖发酵或其它生化试验加以鉴定。此方法简便易行,且阳性率高。另外,对沙堡氏培养基进行了改良,并对白色念珠菌在７种改良培养基上的生长情况做以比较,结果表明,在葡萄糖蛋白胨酵母膏琼脂培养基上菌落生长最好,葡萄糖蛋白胨琼脂培养基和葡萄糖酵母膏琼脂培养其次     

Heat-shock protein 90 in Candida albicans

Researches on Candidal heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90) in recent years are summarized.Candida albicans is a commensal pathogen in human and animals.In immunocompromised individuals it behaves as an opportunist pathogen,giving rise to superficial or systemic infections.Systemic candidosis is a common cause of death among immunocompromised and debilitated patients,in which the mortality is as high as 70%.HSP90 is now recognized as an immunodominant antigen in C.albicans and plays a key role in systemic candidosis as a molecular chaperone.The 47-ku peptide is the breakdown product of HSP90.Patients who has recovered from systemic candidosis produce high titre of antibodies to 47-ku antigen,whereas the fatal cases have little antibody or falling titres.The three commonest epitopes of candidal HSP90 have been mapped,epitopes C,B and H.Epitopes C and H are immunogenic.The antibody probes of both epitopes may be developed into a new serological test agents for systemic candidosis due to rather high specificity and sensitivity.The recent results establish HSP90 as an ATP-dependent chaperone that is involved in the folding of cell regulatory proteins and in the refolding of stress-denatured polypeptides.Some researches on fungal HSP90 and the treatment of patients with candidosis are reviewed as well.     

食品中白色念珠菌的检测方法研究

白色念珠菌是最重要的真菌病原体之一。通过对白色念珠菌(Candida albicans)ATCC 10231进行不同培养基培养,发现其菌落与其他酵母不同。该菌株在显色培养基上为蓝绿色,能产生厚垣孢子与芽管,在葡萄糖和麦芽糖发酵实验中产酸产气,在蔗糖发酵实验中只产酸不产气。回收实验表明,当在100μL样品中添加10个左右的白色念珠菌时,利用显色培养基能够检出白色念珠菌。     

Role of Ppt1 in multiple stress responses in Candida albicans

To study the function of CaPptl, we deleted PPT1 gene from the Candida albicans genome by sequentially replacing the entire coding region with the selectable markers ARG4 and HIS1. The results showed that the deletion of Pptl did not affect the hyphal formation of C. albicans under serum induction and caused enhanced sensitivity to DNA damage, Calcofluor white and salt- induced stress. We also found that Pptl was not required for the phenotypic response of cells treated with the genotoxins, methylmethane sulfonate and hydroxyurea. Flow cytometric analyses indicated that pptlA cells and wild-type cells showed similar G2/M arrest profiles when exposed to DNA damage stress. Pptl was not required for the activation of the DNA damage response pathway, as indicated by normal phosphorylation of Rad53 and Rfa2 in pptlA cells under DNA damage stress. We suggest that Pptl plays important roles in response to various stress conditions in C. albicans.     

噬菌体展示的白色念珠菌热休克蛋白90特异表位在小鼠体内诱发的免疫应答

将展示白色念珠菌热休克蛋白(HSP)90特异表位的杂合噬菌体作为抗原免疫C57BL/6J小鼠,以检测该抗原在小鼠体内诱发的体液免疫和细胞免疫.实验结果表明:抗原PA刺激机体产生了较强的抗白色念珠菌HSP90特异性抗体;脾CD4 T和CD8 T淋巴细胞出现率明显增高;脾细胞分泌IL-2的能力有增高趋势.此外,将免疫后的小鼠通过尾静脉进行系统性白色念珠菌感染,采用组织病理学方法观察了抗原对小鼠肾脏白色念珠菌寄居数量的影响,实验结果表明,抗原对系统性白色念珠菌感染具有明显的保护作用.     

An alternative magnesium-based root canal disinfectant: Preliminary study of its effi cacy against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans in vitro

Organisms invading root canal systems result in serious pulpal and periapical disease. To eliminate microorganisms and restrain secondary infections, dental materials with antibacterial properties are urgently needed in endodontics. Magnesium is considered as a promising biodegradable and biocompatible implant material. However, there are barely researches about its application in endodontic therapy. This work investigated the in vitro efficacy of magnesium powder against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans compared with a common disinfectant, calcium hydroxide. With Calcium hydroxide served as a comparison it demonstrated the qualified antibacterial and anti-fungus properties of Mg as root canal disinfectant due to its high alkalinity of degradation, and the antimicrobial efficacy enhanced with the decreasing powder size.