一种基于二阶统计的盲源分离方法及性能分析

提出了一个基于信息论原理的目标函数 ,该目标函数可以作为衡量输出分量独立性的标测度。最小化该目标函数并利用信号的非平稳特性和两种网络结构形式的等价性 ,得到一种可以进行非平稳信号的盲分离的训练算法 ;计算机仿真结果表明了该算法的有效性。最后对目标函数的性能进行了分析。     

Digital modulation classification using multi-layer perceptron and time-frequency features

Considering that real communication signals corrupted by noise are generally nonstationary, and time-frequency distributions are especially suitable for the analysis of nonstationary signals, time-frequency distributions are introduced for the modulation classification of communication signals. The extracted time-frequency features have good classification information, and they are insensitive to signal to noise ratio (SNR) variation. According to good classification by the correct rate of a neural network classifier, a multilayer perceptron (MLP) classifier with better generalization, as well as, addition of time-frequency features set for classifying six different modulation types has been proposed. Computer simulations show that the MLP classifier outperforms the decision-theoretic classifier at low SNRs, and the classification experiments for real MPSK signals verify engineering significance of the MLP classifier.     

基于伪信噪比最大化的盲源分离算法

针对电子战中各种信号混叠严重、难以分离的现象,提出一种新的瞬时线性混叠信号的盲源分离算法。该算法从独立信号完全分离时信噪比最大出发,用单位对称滑动权向量加权分离信号作为源信号,建立基于源信号和噪声信号协方差矩阵的伪信噪比目标函数,并将目标函数的寻优过程转换为求解广义特征值的问题。和经典的信息理论方法相比,该算法是一种全局最优的盲源分离算法,它不需要任何迭代运算,具有非常低的计算复杂度。仿真结果证明,该算法能够更加有效地分离线性混叠的雷达信号和通信信号。     

局域波分解算法

局域波分析是一种新的时频分析方法,该方法的关键是局域波分解算法,它的好坏直接影响到基本模式分量的精度,进而影响到它的实际应用。综述了各种局域波分解算法,讨论了各种算法的性能和特点,指出了改善局域波分解性能的具体措施和应用局域波分解算法应注意的有关问题,展望了局域波分解算法的可能发展。对局域波分解算法的改进和局域波分析的应用具有参考价值。     

Radio Disturbance Suppression for Ground Wave Radar

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Anti-aliasing nonstationary signals detecion algorithm based on interpolation in the frequency domain using the short time Fourier transform

To eliminate the aliasing that appeared during the measurement of multi-components nonstationary signals, a novel kind of anti-aliasing algorithm based on the short time Fourier transform （STFT） is brought forward. First the physical essence of aliasing that occurs is analyzed; second the interpolation algorithm model is setup based on the Hamming window; then the fast implementation of the algorithm using the Newton iteration method is given. Using the numerical simulation the feasibility of algorithm is validated. Finally, the electrical circuit experiment shows the practicality of the algorithm in the electrical engineering.     

加工时间为连续随机变量的Job Shop调度问题

针对实际调度问题中存在的不确定现象,提出了加工时间服从正态分布、最大完成时间的期望值作为目标函数的随机Job Shop问题;然后提出了解决该问题的智能优化算法:采用随机模拟的方式产生输入输出数据,利用遗传算法训练神经网络,将训练过的神经网络嵌入到另一遗传算法中,用该遗传算法来优化Job Shop调度问题;最后给出了仿真实验,通过仿真实验证明,该算法对于解决加工时间为随机变量的Job Shop调度问题是行之有效的。     

基于多层Hopfield神经网络的配电网网络规划

分析了配电网网络结构规划模型,在此基础上提出用Hopfield神经网络进行网络结构规划.针对城市电网辐射状运行的特点,提出多层Hopfield神经网络模型、对应的能量函数以及参数选择规律.多层Hopfield神经网络的每一层对应于一个负荷点的供电线路,能量函数的建立同时考虑到各层的状态.提出一种新的基于多层Hopfield神经网络的配电网网络结构的规划算法,该算法通过使能量函数降到最低值,可以求得配电网网络规划问题的最优或近似最优解.新算法无需对线路编码、无需对数据进行归一化处理,更加易于编程实现.实例计算表明该方法可行、有效.     

AN INFORMATION THEORETICAL APPROACH TO NEURAL NETWORKS

The purpose of this paper is to present a unified theory of several differentneural networks that have been proposed for solving various computation, pattern recog-nition, imaging, optimization, and other problems. The functioning of these networks ischaracterized by Lyapunov energy functions. The relationship between the deterministicand stochastic neural networks is examined. The simulated annealing methods for findingthe global optimum of an objective function as well as their generalization by injectingnoise into deterministic neural networks are discussed. A statistical interpretation of thedynamic evolution of the different neural networks is presented. The problem of trainingdifferent neural networks is investigated in this general framework. It is shown how thisapproach can be used not only for analyzing various neural networks, but also for the choiceof the proper neural network for solving any given problem and the design of a trainingalgorithm for the particular neural network.     

基于改进递阶遗传算法的RBF神经网络分类器

针对通信信号调制类型识别,应用递阶遗传算法动态确定径向基神经网络分类器结构。建立了新的适应度函数,该函数简单直观,待定参数少;同时结合相关联赛选择方法对选择算子进行了改进,增加了种群进化的多样性,避免了早熟收敛。仿真结果表明改进算法能更好地确定分类器结构,分类准确率更高。     

Wavelet-Based Elman Neural Network with the Modified Differential Evolution Algorithm for Forecasting Foreign Exchange Rates

It is challenging to forecast foreign exchange rates due to the non-linear characters of the data. This paper applied a wavelet-based Elman neural network with the modified differential evolution algorithm to forecast foreign exchange rates. Elman neural network has dynamic characters because of the context layer in the structure. It makes Elman neural network suit for time series problems. The main factors, which affect the accuracy of the Elman neural network, included the transfer functions of the hidden layer and the parameters of the neural network. We applied the wavelet function to replace the sigmoid function in the hidden layer of the Elman neural network, and we found there was a "disruption problem" caused by the non-linear performance of the wavelet function. It didn't improve the performance of the Elman neural network, but made it get worse in reverse. Then, the modified differential evolution algorithm was applied to train the parameters of the Elman neural network. To improve the optimizing performance of the differential evolution algorithm, the crossover probability and crossover factor were modified with adaptive strategies, and the local enhanced operator was added to the algorithm. According to the experiment, the modified algorithm improved the performance of the Elman neural network, and it solved the "disruption problem" of applying the wavelet function.These results show that the performance of the Elman neural network would be improved if both of the wavelet function and the modified differential evolution algorithm were applied integratedly.     

DENOISING AND HARMONIC DETECTION USING NONORTHOGONAL WAVELET PACKETS IN INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS

New industrial applications call for new methods and new ideas in signal analysis. Wavelet packets are new tools in industrial applications and they have just recently appeared in projects and patents. In training neural networks, for the sake of dimensionality and of ratio of time, compact information is needed. This paper deals with simultaneous noise suppression and signal compression of quasi-harmonic signals. A quasi-harmonic signal is a signal with one dominant harmonic and some more sub harmonics in superposition. Such signals often occur in rail vehicle systems, in which noisy signals are present. Typically, they are signals which come from rail overhead power lines and are generated by intermodulation phenomena and radio interferences. An important task is to monitor and recognize them. This paper proposes an algorithm to differentiate discrete signals from their noisy observations using a library of nonorthonormal bases. The algorithm combines the shrinkage technique and techniques in regression analysis using Shannon Entropy function and Cross Entropy function to select the best discernable bases. Cosine and sine wavelet bases in wavelet packets are used. The algorithm is totally general and can be used in many industrial applications. The effectiveness of the proposed method consists of using as few as possible samples of the measured signal and in the meantime highlighting the difference between the noise and the desired signal. The problem is a difficult one, but well posed. In fact, compression reduces the level of the measured noise and undesired signals but introduces the well known compression noise. The goal is to extract a coherent signal from the measured signal which will be “well represented” by suitable waveforms and a noisy signal or incoherent signal which cannot be “compressed well” by the waveforms. Recursive residual iterations with cosine and sine bases allow the extraction of elements of the required signal and the noise. The algorithm that has been developed is utilized as a filter to extract features for training neural networks. It is currently integrated in the inferential modelling platform of the unit for Advanced Control and Simulation Solutions within ABB’s industry division. An application using real measured data from an electrical railway line is presented to illustrate and analyze the effectiveness of the proposed method. Another industrial application in fault detection, in which coherent and incoherent signals are univocally visible, is also shown.     

Parameter estimation of DSSS signals in non-cooperative communication system

A new adaptive estimator for direct sequence spread spectrum （DSSS） signals using fourth-order cumulant based adaptive method is considered. The general higher-order statistics may not be easily applied in signal processing with too complex computation. Based on the fourth-order cumulant with 1-D slices and adaptive filters, an efficient algorithm is proposed to solve the problem and is extended for nonstationary stochastic processes. In order to achieve the accurate parameter estimation of direct sequence spread spectrum （DSSS） signals, the fast step uses the modified fourth-order cumulant to reduce the computing complexity. While the second step employs an adaptive recursive system to estimate the power spectrum in the frequency domain. In the case of intercepted signals without large enough data samples, the estimator provides good performance in parameter estimation and white Gaussian noise suppression. Computer simulations are included to corroborate the theoretical development with different signal-to-noise ratio conditions and recursive coefficients.     

基于半监督流形学习的WLAN室内定位算法

针对无线局域网室内定位系统中,因参考点密集布设而带来的数据采集、更新及定位匹配运算量增加的问题,提出了一种新的基于半监督流形学习的降维判别嵌入定位算法。该算法利用少量已标记数据和部分未标记数据,通过求解目标函数最优化,对高维接收信号进行维数约减,保留最具判别力的定位特征,然后采用确定性定位算法找到定位特征与位置坐标的映射关系。实验结果表明,算法定位精度高于传统的定位算法,降低了离线阶段的数据采集工作量,便于后期数据库的实时更新。     

基于RCNN的双极化气象雷达天气信号检测

为检测混杂在地杂波、生物杂波中的天气信号, 提高定量降水精度, 提出了基于残差卷积神经网络(residual convolutional neural network, RCNN)的天气信号检测算法。首先, 将采集的极化参数水平反射率因子、差分反射率、相关系数、差分相移率堆叠为三维数组后进行预处理, 将其分为天气信号与杂波信号。然后, 开发并优化RCNN, 给出详细的网络结构。最后, 通过多次实际的降水过程对所提算法的检测效果进行评价。结果表明, 相比支持向量机以及卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network, CNN), 所提算法对天气信号的检测效果更好, 并且在不同仰角以及全年的实测数据上均表现出良好的检测性能。     

基于注意力机制的混合CNN-BiLSTM低轨卫星信道预测算法

针对低轨道卫星信道质量变化迅速、信道参数“过时”的问题, 提出了一种基于注意力机制的卷积神经和双向长短时记忆神经网络(attention-convolutional neural network and bi-directional long-short term memory neural network, AT-CNN-BiLSTM)融合的信道预测方法。该方法由信号预处理、网络训练和信号预测3部分组成。首先在高斯白噪声条件下模拟室外卫星信号, 得到卫星信号的训练集和测试集; 然后将训练集输入构建的训练网络进行特征提取; 最后将测试数据输入网络进行预测分析。仿真结果表明, 在与其他4种人工智能方法的对比中, 所提出的混合神经网络能够在较快的收敛速度下达到较高的准确率(91.8%), 有效地缓解了低轨道卫星信道参数“过时”的现状, 对提升卫星通信质量和节省卫星信道资源有良好的改善作用。     

基于免疫算法的前向神经网络学习方法

提出了一种采用免疫算法训练多层前向神经网络的方法。该方法利用免疫算法训练前向神经网络,能够使网络优化过程趋于全局最优。利用基于遗传策略的聚类机制确定前向神经网络的初始权值,增加了网络训练算法收敛于全局最优的概率。将这种神经网络用于雷达模拟调制信号的调制方式识别的仿真结果表明,采用该算法设计的前向神经网络达到了较高的性能。     

用遗传算法解模糊交货期下Flow Shop调度问题

运用模糊的观点研究了flowshop调度问题,基于模糊交货期的概念建立了两种不同的模糊flowshop调度问题的模型,模糊交货期的隶属函数对应于完成时间的满意度,目标函数定义为所有任务加权的隶属函数之和问题是确定任务的加工顺序极大化目标函数文章运用遗传算法(GA)确定了任务的调度,仿真实验验证了算法的有效性.     

线性三层降秩神经网络的广义逆矩阵训练算法

先是到计算矩阵的广义逆的一种有效算法，即正交反向传播（OBP）算法。利用OBP算法。经有限次迭代即可以得到矩阵广义逆的精确解。然后利用OBP算法来讨论线性三层秩网络的训练问题。经过有限次迭代就可得到网络的误差函数的全局最优解，且不存在任何收敛性问题。     

基于RBF 神经网络的调制识别

针对通信信号这种非稳定的、信噪比(SNR)变化范围较大的信号,利用遗传算法训练的径向基神经网络分类器对各种调制信号的特征矢量进行分类识别,充分发挥径向基神经网络的广泛映射能力和遗传算法的全局收敛能力,并在遗传算法中加入了梯度下降算子,克服遗传算法收敛速度慢的缺点,加快了遗传算法训练神经网络的速度,使得分类器的识别率和鲁棒性得到明显改善。仿真实验的结果证明了此方法的有效性和可行性。