鹿血抗氧化活性肽分子量测定及其氨基酸组成分析

分离提纯了鹿血酶解产物中的抗氧化活性肽,并用高效液相色谱(HPLC)体积排阻法(SEC)测定分子量,分析其氨基酸组成.经SephadexG-25和DEAE-52柱层析纯化,得到了带有较弱负电荷的抗氧化活性肽.HPLC分析结果表明,该抗氧化活性肽为低分子量肽类物质,且是以相对分子量为876,463,146Da为主的小肽混合物.氨基酸组成分析表明,该肽所含17种氨基酸中以亮氨酸、赖氨酸和丙氨酸的质量分数较高,分别为17.2%、12.3%和12.1%,人体必需氨基酸(缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸、赖氨酸)的含量为52.7%.     

Transient association of newly synthesized unfolded proteins with the heat-shock GroEL protein

It has been suggested that newly synthesized proteins are maintained in their unfolded state by cellular ATP-driven factors which may prevent or reverse the formation of misfolded structures or promote the correct assembly of oligomeric proteins or post-translational secretion. Using a photocross-linking approach, we have identified the 20S heat-shock GroEL protein as the major cytosolic component which forms a complex with the unfolded newly synthesized pre-beta-lactamase or chloramphenicol acetyltransferase in Escherichia coli. Dissociation of these complexes is ATP-dependent. The unfolded state of pre-beta-lactamase, maintained by the transient interaction with GroEL, may be essential for the secretion of this protein.     

封闭体系中氨基酸振荡反应的研究

采用核磁共振及电势法对１０余种氨基酸振荡体系作了较为详尽的研究,获得了适应人体所有氨基酸的振荡器．提出了振荡反应具有活性中心的观点,归纳出经验公式,并得到了振荡能量的计算法．     

长柄扁桃仁的氨基酸和矿质元素分析

研究通过采用氨基酸自动分析仪和原子吸收等方法,研究了长柄扁桃仁中氨基酸和矿质元素的含量,结果表明长柄扁桃仁中含有18种氨基酸,其中具有特殊药理作用的谷氨酸、天冬氨酸及甘氨酸等含量丰富;长柄扁桃仁中含有9种人体所需的矿质元素,含量大小依次为K>Mg>Ca>P>Na>Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu,未检出Pb、Cd、Hg、As等有害元素。     

注意缺陷多动障碍模型大鼠血清氨基酸观察

目的通过观察注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）模型大鼠虹清氨基酸含量变化,为研究ADHD的发病机制提供依据。方法采用开场试验对自发性高血压大鼠和正常大鼠进行行为观察,并采用丹酰氯柱前衍生高效液相色谱法测定血清氨基酸含量。结果实验组大鼠在白天及夜晚开场中的穿越格子数、直立次数显著多于对照组大鼠,血清谷氨酸、酪氨酸、丝氨酸显著低于正常对照组,苏氨酸显著高于正常对照组。结论ADHD模型大鼠血浆氨基酸含量发生了改变,其中某些与神经递质合成有关的氨基酸改变较显著。     

Orientation of the peptide formation of N-phosphoryl amino acids in solution

The peptide formation of N-phosphoryl amino acids with amino acids proceeds in aqueous solution without any coupling reagents. After being separated in sephadex gel column, the phosphoryl dipeptides were analyzed by the electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESIMS/ MS). The result demonstrates that phosphoryl dipeptides were detected in all the reaction systems. It is found that the formation of N-phosphoryl dipeptides is oriented: the N-terminal amino acid residues of the N-phosphoryl dipeptides are from N-phosphoryl amino acids, and the peptide elongation happened at the C-terminal. Only a-dipeptide, no β-dipeptide, is formed in the N-phosphoryl dipeptides, showing that a-carboxylic group is activated selectively by N-phosphorylation. Theoretical calculation shows that the peptide formation of N-phosphoryl amino acids might happen through a penta-coordinate carboxylic-phosphoric intermediate in solution. These results might give some clues to the study on the origin of proteins and protein biosynthesis.     

Orientation of the peptide formation of N-phosphoryl amino acids in solution

The peptide formation of N-phosphoryl amino acids with amino acids proceeds in aqueous solution without any coupling reagents. After being separated in sephadex gel column, the phosphoryl dipeptides were analyzed by the electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESIMS/ MS). The result demonstrates that phosphoryl dipeptides were detected in all the reaction systems. It is found that the formation of N-phosphoryl dipeptides is oriented: the N-terminal amino acid residues of the N-phosphoryl dipeptides are from N-phosphoryl amino acids, and the peptide elongation happened at the C-terminal. Only a-dipeptide, no b-dipeptide, is formed in the N-phosphoryl dipeptides, showing that a-carboxylic group is activated selectively by N-phosphorylation. Theoretical calculation shows that the peptide formation of N-phosphoryl amino acids might happen through a penta-coordinate carboxylic-phosphoric intermediate in solution. These results might give some clues to the study on the origin of proteins and protein biosynthesis.     

Study of complexes of lanthanum with amino acids by titration calorimeter

The stability constants and thermodynamic functions for complexes of lanthanum with eight kind of amino acids according to 1∶1 and 1∶2 in proportion have been determined by titration calorimeter at 298.15 K. The enthalpy change makes a predominant contribution to the stability of these complexes. The ring in amino acid associated with lanthanum ion helps to enhance the stability of complexes. Steric effects between rings in complexes leads to that the equilibrium constants of reaction of the complexes (1∶2) is much less than that of the complexes (1∶1). Foundation item: Supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (29873036) Biography: Ye Gang (1974-), male, M S., research direction: thermochemistry.     

氨基酸纸层析实验的进一步探讨

针对展层与染色分两步操作带来的种种弊端，研究了氨基酸纸层析实验中展层与染色两步合一的实验条件，筛选出一种由70g苯酚、30g水和0．14g茚三酮组成的新展层剂，该展层剂分离效果良好，可以长期保存且背景无异常现象。同时还发现茚三酮可以抑制苯酚的氧化，解决了苯酚作为展层剂易氧化变红的难题。     

电渗析法处理氨基酸废水

对文题进行了研究。结果表明:用电渗析法净化酸性氨基酸(AA)废水,净化后的水质COD约为20mg/L,处理每吨废水的电耗约为1kW·h/m~3;电渗析法可把废水净化和AA浓缩相结合,在操作电压30V,终点电流0.23A,隔室内流速4cm/s,温度21.2℃的条件下,浓缩水和净化水的浓度比达500,浓缩水中AA的浓度为0.1mol。     

Carbon isotope composition of individual amino acids in the Murchison meteorite

A significant portion of prebiotic organic matter on the early Earth may have been introduced by carbonaceous asteroids and comets. The distribution and stable-isotope composition of individual organic compounds in carbonaceous meteorites, which are thought to be derived from asteroidal parent bodies, may therefore provide important information concerning mechanistic pathways for prebiotic synthesis and the composition of organic matter on Earth before living systems developed. Previous studies have shown that meteorite amino acids are enriched in 13C relative to their terrestrial counterparts, but individual species were not distinguished. Here we report the 13C contents of individual amino acids in the Murchison meteorite. The amino acids are enriched in 13C, indicating an extraterrestrial origin. Alanine is not racemic, and the 13C enrichment of its D- and L-enantiomers implies that the excess of the L-enantiomer is indigenous rather than terrestrial contamination, suggesting that optically active materials were present in the early Solar System before life began.     

大亚湾沉积物中氨基酸的垂直分布——沉积物柱样W9中的水解氨基酸和游离氨基酸

目的：研究沉积物中水解和游离氨基酸的垂直分布特征。方法：采集60 cm大亚湾柱状沉积物样品，每2cm为一层分割，用反相高效液相色谱法分析每层样品中的水解和游离氨基酸含量，对分析结果进行曲线拟合的相关分析。结果：15种游离氨基酸和水解氨基酸中的丝氨酸、苏氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸和亮氨酸含量的对数值与深度之间存在显著的线性关系；中性氨基酸甘氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸和亮氨酸的水解和游离氨基酸含量之间存在显著的相关关系。结论：15种游游离氨基酸和6种中性水解氨基酸的垂直分布可用指数方程来描述；中性水解氨基酸和游离基酸之间存在显著的相关性。     

Synthesis of chiral amino cyclic phosphoric acids

Chiral amino cyclic phosphoric acids, 5-amino-2-hydroxy-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane 2-oxide and 2-hydroxy-4-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)-5-phthalimido-1,3,2-dioxaphos phorinane 2-oxide are synthesized in good over yields (64.2% and 72.8% respectively) from 2-amino-1-aryl-1,3-propanediols. The different reaction conditions are necessary in hydrolysis reactions of amino cyclic phosphonyl chlorides. Foundation item: Supported by the Science and Technology Fund of Wuhan City (No: 996001016G) Biography: Zhang Zhan (1974-), male, M S., research direction: asymmetric synthesis.     

3种氨基酸锌配合物在水中的溶解焓

目的　测定锌与α Leu,α Val,α Thr3种配合物于298 15K时在水中的溶解焓。方法　用微量热计,在平衡后记录溶液热效应曲线,计算其溶解焓。然后依据盖斯定律,计算出Zn(AA)2+(aq,∞)的标准生成焓。结果　Zn(Leu)2+(aq),Zn(Val)2+(aq)和Zn(Thr)2+(aq)在298.15K时的溶解焓分别是(3.17±0.09),(28.46±0.08)及(16.18±0.09)kJ/mol。Zn(AA)2+(aq,∞)的标准生成焓分别是(-1088.26±4.28),(-569.71±3.84)和(955.24±5.70)kJ/mol。结论　所用微量热计测定的结果准确可靠。     

谷氨酸棒杆菌串联生产氨基酸和有机酸的发酵工艺

为进一步提高谷氨酸棒杆菌在工业生产中的利用效率,根据其好氧环境下可发酵生产氨基酸,厌氧条件下可积累有机酸的特性,建立了好氧、厌氧两阶段生产氨基酸及有机酸的串联发酵工艺。研究表明:在好氧条件下谷氨酸棒杆菌以80 g/L葡萄糖为碳源生产L-鸟氨酸15 g/L,糖酸转化率为18.75%;好氧发酵结束后收集菌体转入厌氧发酵工艺,以40 g/L葡萄糖为碳源,发酵液中积累乳酸19.58 g/L、乙酸1.34 g/L、丁二酸18.37 g/L,综合糖酸转化率达到98.88%。整个串联发酵工艺的实现,有效地利用了生物质资源、降低了生产能耗、减小了环境污染,有助于提高整体的经济效益,同时也为后续利用代谢工程进一步改造谷氨酸棒杆菌,并将其应用于更广泛的氨基酸、有机酸联合生产奠定了基础。