槐米中芦丁的提取及抑菌活性研究

通过正交试验优选槐米中芦丁的提取工艺,HPLC法测定槐米中含芦丁的量,并对4种供试菌进行了体外抑菌活性测定.结果表明,槐米中芦丁的最佳提取工艺为乙醇体积分数55%,料液比1︰30,超声提取时间30 min,在该工艺条件下,含槐米中芦丁的量为19. 11 mg/g;芦丁对4个菌种抑菌作用由高到低分别为:枯草杆菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌;芦丁对枯草杆菌的MIC为0. 125 g/mL,金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC为0. 25 g/mL,大肠杆菌的MIC为0. 5 g/mL,白色念珠菌的MIC为0. 125 g/mL;芦丁对枯草杆菌的MBC为0. 5 g/mL;金黄色葡萄球菌的MBC为1 g/mL;大肠杆菌的MBC为1 g/mL;白色念珠菌的MBC为0. 25 g/mL.     

HPLC法同时测定小花鬼针草中3种黄酮类成分含量

建立了HPLC法同时测定小花鬼针草中芦丁、金丝桃苷和槲皮苷含量的方法。采用Diamonsil C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.2%冰醋酸梯度洗脱,流速为1 mL/min;检测波长为360 nm。结果表明,芦丁、金丝桃苷和槲皮苷在0.50~12.50μg/mL(r=0.999 9)、0.49~12.35μg/mL(r=0.999 8)、0.42~10.55μg/mL(r=0.999 5)范围内线性良好,平均回收率为99.37%(RSD=0.56%)、99.35%(RSD=0.57%)、99.68%(RSD=0.56%)。该方法简便、准确、重现性好,可用于同时测定鬼针草中3种黄酮成分的含量。     

分光光度法测定芦丁颗粒剂中总黄酮含量

建立芦丁颗粒剂中总黄酮分光光度测定方法.在样品溶液中分别加入亚硝酸钠试液、碱溶液及硝酸铝试液,放置一段时间后,于506 nm波长处测定总黄酮含量.总黄酮浓度在8.8~52.8μg/mL范围内,吸光度与浓度呈良好线性关系(r=0.9992);低、中、高浓度的平均空白加样回收率分别为100.2%、100.3%及99.6%;同一批样品6次测定值的RSD为1.2%.本方法简便、准确、精密,适于测定芦丁颗粒剂中总黄酮含量.     

高效液相色谱法测定吉祥草根茎中芦丁的含量

目的：建立吉祥草根茎中芦丁的含量测定方法.方法：采用高效液相色谱技术测定芦丁的含量,色谱条件为：Diamonsil C18（4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm）色谱柱,乙腈-0.1%磷酸水（28：72）为流动相,恒定流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为350 nm,柱温25℃.结果：吉祥草根茎中芦丁的含量为0.26%.芦丁在0.13～0.65 mg/mL范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,r=0.999 9,平均回收率为99.87%,RSD（n=5）为1.41%.结论：该方法简便准确,重现性好,可以作为吉祥草中芦丁的含量测定方法.     

芦笋中芦丁的提取和测定

采用正交试验法对芦笋中芦丁的最佳提取工艺做了研究,找出最佳提取条件为料液比1 g:30 mL,浸提温度为75～80℃,浸提时间为6 h,乙醇浓度为70%.采用紫外可见分光法检测芦丁的含量,不用加显色剂,直接以258 nm作为最大吸收波长,结果表明,在最佳条件下,芦笋中芦丁的平均含量稳定在2.62%左右,该方法的平均回收率为99.73%,标准偏差为0.97%.试验方法样品处理简单,准确度高,精密度好,很适合于芦笋中芦丁提取和测定.     

贵州产油麻血藤总黄酮含量测定方法的建立与研究

目的:建立贵州产油麻血藤总黄酮含量的方法,为其质量评价提供参考。方法:将芦丁作为标准物质,NaNO₂-Al(NO₃)₃-NaOH为显色剂,样品用85%甲醇100 mL超声30 min提取,在510 nm波长处对吸光度进行测定。结果:芦丁在8.686～52.114μg/mL区间内线性关系较为显著,回归方程为Y=0.01379X-0.01920,r=0.99966,回收率、重复性、稳定性、精密度RSD均小于2.0%。结论:本方法可行性强,所得结果具有较高的准确度和精密度,重现性十分理想,可用于贵州油麻血藤中总黄酮含量测定。     

分光光度法测定牛百叶中过氧化氢的含量

以偏钒酸铵为显示剂,探讨了分光光度法测定过氧化氢含量的最佳条件,建立了分析方法.过氧化氢含量的线性范围为2 μg/mL～130 μg/mL ,检出限为0.5 μg/mL.该分析方法应用于牛百叶中过氧化氢的测定,样品分析结果的加标回收率为97%～103%.该方法简单、快速、实用.     

黔产钩藤不同部位中总黄酮的含量测定

目的:测定黔产钩藤不同部位中总黄酮的含量。方法:以芦丁为对照品,采用紫外分光光度法在510 nm下,对钩藤的皮、叶、钩、茎、木质部、薄壁组织中总黄酮进行含量测定。结果:芦丁对照品在0.3428μg/mL～2.0565μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,Y=0.3896X+0.03(r=0.9994);加样回收率96.34%,RSD=2.17(n=6);钩藤不同部位中皮的含量最高,为196.26μg/g。薄壁组织含量最低,为38.70μg/g。如下:皮叶钩茎木质部薄壁组织。结论:建立的紫外分光光度法操作简便,重复性良好,可用于钩藤中总黄酮的含量测定;造成黄酮类化合物在钩藤不同部位分布存在差异的原因,可能与黄酮类的生物合成途径有关,植物的生物合成途径需要相应的酶发生作用,该结果可以为钩藤的更进一步研究与开发利用提供科学依据。     

HPLC-UV法测定益母草和酒炙益母草中丁香酸和芦丁的含量

运用HPLC-UV法,采用依利特Hypersil ODS(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,检测波长254 nm,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温25℃,测定不同产地益母草(Leonurus heterophyllus)和酒炙益母草中芦丁和丁香酸含量.结果显示,芦丁和丁香酸进样量在0~10μg范围内与峰面积呈良好线性关系,河南栾川采收的益母草中芦丁和丁香酸含量最高;益母草经酒炙后,芦丁含量降低,丁香酸含量升高,证明了益母草酒炙后活血祛瘀、调经止痛作用增强的有效成分是丁香酸,而不是芦丁.     

光度法测定尿液中乌头碱的含量

基于乌头碱在波长234 nm处有较好的吸收,建立了双光束紫外可见分光光度法测定尿液中乌头碱含量的方法.在优化的条件下,乌头碱的线性范围为0.645μg/mL~64.5μg/mL;检出限为5.66×10-8g/mL;相对标准偏差的平均值为0.13%.此方法用于测定尿液中乌头碱的含量,结果令人满意.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~