韧化处理淀粉对直链淀粉溶出过程的研究

为研究韧化处理过程中直链淀粉溶出规律,以玉米淀粉为原料,在单因素实验的基础上,采用响应曲面法对韧化处理时温度和时间进行优化.建立了两个因素与直链淀粉溶出率之间的相关性,得到直链淀粉溶出过程的回归方程,经验证可以用得到的模型预测韧化处理时玉米淀粉的直链淀粉溶出过程.     

分离方法对玉米淀粉分离组分结构特性的影响

对分离方法影响玉米直链淀粉、中间成分和支链淀粉的结构特性进行了研究.结果表明:分离方法对玉米直链淀粉、中间成分和支链淀粉的微观结构、碘亲和力、蓝值、平均聚合度(DP)、平均链长(CL)和摩尔平均链数(NC)影响较大,而方法三对它们与碘形成复合物的λmax有较大影响;与玉米原淀粉相比,分离方法使玉米直链淀粉、中间成分和支链淀粉的结晶相由A型转变为C型,同时使它们的结晶度下降.     

导入反义蜡质基因降低两系不育系稻米直链淀粉含量

为了提高两系不育系261S水稻的选配范围，研究利用根癌农杆菌介导法将蜡质基因反义片段导入261S未成熟种子形成的愈伤组织，经抗性筛选及PCR检测获得46棵T0代转基因植株．采用GUS染色追踪分析获得转反义蜡质基因纯合的T2代转基因植株．10个转基因植株糙米经直链淀粉含量分析显示：未转基因261S对照水稻糙米直链淀粉平均含量为18．54％，大部分转基因后代糙米直链淀粉含量有不同程度的降低，降低程度最大的转基因后代糙米直链淀粉平均含量为13．55％，比对照降低26．91％．开展本研究可为两系杂交稻优质育种奠定基础．     

桄榔淀粉的级分及其凝胶色谱分析

用正丁醇结晶法分离得到桄榔(Arenga pinnota)淀粉的直链淀粉与支链淀粉后,采用HPLC排阻凝胶色谱法测定桄榔直链淀粉与支链淀粉的纯度和相对分子量。结果得到,桄榔直链淀粉的纯度为100％,平均保留时间为6．48min,支链淀粉的纯度为100％,平均保留时间为4．12min;直链淀粉的相对分子量为45000,支链淀粉的相对分子量为5600000。     

高直链淀粉玉米的研究现状与发展前景

本文主要从高直链淀粉玉米的育种，使用，生产方面来说明其研究现状，并提出了我国现阶段在高直链淀粉玉米的研究中所面临的严峻挑战及在我国的发展前景。     

糊化和凝沉玉米淀粉的消化性能

以4种不同直链淀粉含量的玉米淀粉为研究对象,利用Brabender黏度仪与差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对淀粉糊性质与热力学性质进行了表征;考察了糊化及糊化后4℃条件下保藏24h两种处理方式对玉米淀粉消化性能的影响,分析了直链淀粉含量与玉米淀粉消化性能的关系.结果表明:直链淀粉含量对淀粉的峰值黏度、消减值、DSC糊化温度影响显著;在in-vitro消化模型中,4种玉米淀粉经两种方式处理后产生的消化产物总量以及消化速度均随着直链淀粉含量的升高而降低;4℃条件下保藏24h处理后,凝沉淀粉消化产物总量与消化速度均低于糊化淀粉,且降低程度与直链淀粉含量有关.     

醇类化合物对直链淀粉增塑效果的影响

为预测醇类增塑剂所含碳原子数以及羟基数对淀粉增塑效果的影响,采用分子动力学模拟法在COM-PASS力场下模拟计算不同醇类小分子对直链淀粉增塑后玻璃化温度的影响,并测定不同醇类小分子对直链淀粉增塑后旋转扭矩、氢键削弱作用和力常数的变化。通过比较不同醇类化合物对直链淀粉增塑前后的玻璃化温度、旋转扭矩、氢键削弱作用和力常数变化预测醇类化合物增塑效果。结果表明,三类醇类化合物对直链淀粉的增塑效果依次为：乙二醇〉丙三醇〉1,2-丙二醇。由此可推断,当醇类增塑剂含羟基数相同时,碳链越短,对直链淀粉的增塑效果就越好;当所含的碳原子数相同时,醇类增塑剂中所含的羟基数越多,对直链淀粉的增塑效果就越好。     

用简单快速方法测定河南一些稻谷样品直链淀粉的含量

<正> 一、前言稻米是我国人民的主要粮食之一。淀粉是稻米的主要营养成份。它是由结构和性质不同的两种成份——直链淀粉和支链淀粉所组成。这二种淀粉的含量与比例。与稻米的食用和工艺的品质有着密切关系;直链淀粉含量对米饭的食味、光泽、凝聚性和柔软性都有较大的影响。1971年国际水稻研究所测定许多地区稻米直链淀粉含量与适口性的报告中指出:东南亚最受欢迎的稻米品种、直链淀粉含量都占总淀     

杂交稻籽粒直链淀粉含量与解剖结构关系研究

以几个杂交稻组合为材料,测定其单粒或半粒米的直链淀粉含量,并用扫描电镜观察其胚乳结构,结果表明：在籽粒灌浆盛期之初,杂交稻籽粒平均直链淀粉含量较低,粒间差异较大,至灌浆盛期之末,其直链淀粉含量明显增高,粒间差异减小;杂交稻籽粒直链淀粉含量性状的分离与胚乳结构变异没有明显确的关系,胚乳结构可能不存在遗传传分离。     

藕淀粉特性的研究

就藕根茎淀粉的分子结构形状及其理化特性进行了研究。结果表明碘亲和力测定的藕直链淀粉含量为15．9％,蓝色值法为17．4％,开始凝胶化温度为58．5℃,淀粉颗粒与木薯淀粉、大米淀粉等有类似的性质,可作为此类淀粉制品的替代品。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.