硅烷偶联剂对粘土表面改性研究

应用硅烷偶联剂对粘土填料进行表面处理,可改善填料与橡胶基体界面的物化性质,提高补强度。本文应用红外分光光度计,研究硅烷偶联剂对高岭土、伊利石等粘土矿粉的表面改性作用。指出这些粘土矿粉经偶联剂处理后的红外吸收光谱,在铝羟基振动频带的吸收峰发生明显变化,偶联剂分子的水解基团与粘土表面的活性基团发生键合,使粘土表面有效改性。这种改性的粘土填料对橡胶有较好的补强效果。     

再生炭黑橡胶补强特性的研究

热解炭黑（PCB）是废轮胎热解过程中最重要的产品之一,其最有意义的用途之一是作为橡胶的补强填料,从而得到较高的附加值。通过与工业半补强碳黑（SRCB）和商业N330碳黑的比较,发现其结构和性质有差异,而不同炭黑填充的混炼胶的硫化曲线显示表面修饰后的再生炭黑（TWPC）补强的硫化胶的交联程度得到了很大的提高。硫化胶的静态机械性能结果表明,表面修饰后的再生炭黑补强的硫化胶的拉伸强度得到了较大程度的改善。表面修饰后的再生炭黑可以完全替代商用的工业半补强炭黑。     

高岭土作橡胶填料的研究

高岭土经煅烧、粉碎、表面改性处理后可制取橡胶补强填料．经改性处理对补强性能影响的实验研究表明：高岭土由于其本身性质的特殊性，极易在表面进行接枝改性；过320目筛；经含量为3％的处理剂表面改性后的高岭土填料对橡胶具有较好的补强作用，可完全替代碳酸钙或陶土，产生较好的补强效果，也可部分替代炭黑，降低生产成本．表6，参3     

改性凹凸棒粘土作为橡胶补强剂的研究

凹凸棒粘土是一种水合硅酸铝镁晶体．表面呈棒状或纤维状、经过偶联改性后．对橡胶有良好的补强效果，且填充量高．加工性能好．可以作为橡胶浅色补强剂使用。     

纳米纤维素补强橡胶研究进展

纳米纤维素作为一种兼具环境友好、可降解、来源广泛以及可制备出不同形态和性能的纳米颗粒等特点的新型补强填料,近年来在高分子领域引起了极大的关注,但大部分研究局限于塑料领域,鲜见于补强橡胶.纳米纤维素补强橡胶不仅可改善橡胶的力学性能(提高橡胶的强度、模量),而且对橡胶的加工性能有积极影响,与此同时还能赋予橡胶可降解特性,减轻由传统填料补强橡胶所带来的环境污染压力.目前国内外纳米纤维素补强橡胶的研究主要集中在力学性能方面,也有少量关于吸水性能、阻隔性能、导电性以及动态力学性能等的报道.纳米纤维素由于表面较多的羟基而呈较强的极性,寻找高效且简易的方法对其表面改性以改善其在基体内的分散以及与橡胶基体的相容性,仍是目前亟待解决的问题.文中主要综述国内外在纳米纤维素补强橡胶方面的研究进展、笔者所在课题组在纳米纤维素替代炭黑或白炭黑补强橡胶方面所做的系列工作,以及纳米纤维素补强橡胶作为轮胎用橡胶的应用前景.     

海泡石表面改性及其对橡胶性能补强的研究

通过对海泡石进行表面处理,探讨海泡石表面改性的最佳条件,研究了表面处理剂的种类,用量及表面处理时间及干燥温度等因素对性能的影响,结果表明,海泡石在填充橡胶综合性能指标上明显优于陶土和碳酸钙填充的橡胶,可替代作为一种新型橡胶无机填料,用于橡胶的补强,同时可简化生产工艺,降低生产成本。     

气相法纳米二氧化硅补强硅橡胶界面-结合橡胶

采用不同表面性质的气相法纳米二氧化硅,利用硅橡胶混炼胶界面结合橡胶来研究高温硫化硅橡胶补强作用的影响因素,并结合扫描电镜分析界面的作用形式。结果表明结合橡胶以纳米二氧化硅的网络结构为骨架,纳米二氧化硅粉体的结构性越高,形成的三维立体网络结构结合橡胶体越好,对硅橡胶制品的补强效果越好。气相法纳米二氧化硅粉体填加质量分数为0.26~0.29时,表面羟基个数在1.1~1.4之间,有效补强体积最大,补强效果也最好。     

有机改性凹凸棒石的性能表征及应用研究

凹凸棒石黏土经过添加分散剂并进行机械搅拌、超声和离心处理后得到提纯,采用硅烷偶联剂(Si69)对凹凸棒石进行表面有机改性;测定了改性凹凸棒石的膨胀倍,通过FT-IR、TOC和分散性试验对改性前后的凹凸棒石进行表征;将得到的改性凹凸棒石应用到橡胶补强中,并对橡胶的力学性能进行了测试,结果表明,改性后的凹凸棒石具有明显的疏水性,并且提高了橡胶的力学性能。     

水分散性纳米SiO2的制备、表面修饰及性能

以硅粉为主要原料，在碱催化下制备出了高固含量、低成本的纳米SiO2水分散液。采用聚醋酸乙烯对纳米SiO2进行了表面修饰，并对其机理进行了探讨。研究了反应奈件和表面修饰条件等对水分散性纳米SiO2性能的影响，得到了适宜的工艺条件。     

利用AFM研究炭黑的微观分散

炭黑在橡胶中的分散程度对其补强性能的发挥至关重要,工业生产中用光学显微镜获得的胶料图像仅能判别炭黑粉团的聚集程度,表征混炼工艺是否合格。探究不同炭黑在橡胶中的微观分散程度,有助于从纳米尺度搞清楚炭黑分散程度对炭黑补强性能的贡献。使用原子力显微镜(AFM)获取硫化胶片截面的微观相图,表征出炭黑在橡胶中的分散程度,从分散程度角度解释了不同粒径和结构炭黑的补强性和耐磨性的差异。选取最具代表性的五种炭黑为原料,定量表征炭黑聚集体在天然橡胶中的分散程度,统计评价分析炭黑在橡胶中的聚集体尺寸分布和间距分布。结果发现:(1)炭黑原生粒径越小其炭黑微观分散程度越好;(2)N115粒径最小,在胶料中分布最均匀导致其补强性能最佳,但是粒径太小混炼困难;(3)N300系列炭黑在橡胶中,结构程度对炭黑微观分散程度的影响较小,但随着结构的增高,其补强性能更好。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that