eDRAM高速读写和紧凑式电荷转移刷新方案

提出了一种采用逻辑工艺、访存速度优化、降低刷新功耗的动态随机存储器（DRAM）,使其在嵌入式系统的设计与制造中易于与高性能逻辑电路融合.采用读写前置放大的高速读写方案,使DRAM读写速度得到了优化;采用紧凑式电荷转移刷新替代传统刷新方案,在降低了刷新功耗的同时,缩短了DRAM的刷新时间开销,提高了DRAM的数据可访问性...     

一种降低DRAM系统刷新功耗的混合主存设计

传统计算机体系结构中主存由动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)构成,而DRAM的刷新功耗随容量的增大而急剧增大.为应对这一问题,业界开始关注新型非易失性存储器(NVM).NVM具有掉电后数据不会丢失、不需刷新的优势,然而它们仍然处于研究阶段,单颗芯片的容量和价格不足以媲美DRAM,距离大批量投入商用仍有一段距离,因此,DRAM和NVM的新型混合主存结构被认为是下一代主存.本文提出一种SignificanceAware Pages Allocation(SA-PA)混合主存设计方案,通过将关键页分配到DRAM中,非关键页分配到相变存储器(PCM)中,采用DRAM和PCM并行结构,并采用Reset-Speed技术提高PCM的写速度,从而实现在不过分降低系统性能的前提下降低系统功耗的目的.结果表明,本文提出的SA-PA混合主存结构使得系统功耗平均下降25.78%,而系统性能仅下降1.34%.     

一种基于区域地址刷新的以太环网保护方法

ITU-T G.8032是目前电信级以太环网保护的最重要标准之一,其中地址刷新是ITU-T G.8032的关键技术之一。针对ITU-T G.8032地址刷新时会出现广播风暴的问题,提出了一种基于区域地址刷新的环网保护方案。研究表明,基于区域地址刷新的方案能够抑制节点不必要的地址刷新动作,从而有效地提高了环网性能。     

面向非易失内存的结构和系统级设计与优化综述

当今各类计算机应用都进入一个飞速发展的阶段,无论是"计算密集型"还是"存储密集型"应用都对存储系统的容量、性能以及功耗不断提出更高的要求.然而,由于传统内存工艺(DRAM)的发展落后于计算逻辑工艺(CMOS),基于DRAM的内存设计逐渐无法满足这些设计需求.同时,基于HDD的外存性能与DRAM主存间的差距也逐渐增加.而各种非易失存储工艺取得长足的进步,为解决这一问题提供了新的机遇.本文就近年来针对非易失内存的结构和系统级设计与优化的研究工作进行综述,揭示非易失内存对存储系统的性能、功耗等都有明显的改善.     

内存RowHammer攻击与防御综述

RowHammer攻击利用DRAM的固有特性,可对不具有访问权限的内存数据进行修改。通过攻击可导致提升特权、拒绝服务,甚至数据泄露等严重后果,破坏了内存数据的完整性和机密性。低成本且高效的攻击手段给用户和企业的数据保护带来了很大的威胁和挑战。针对RowHammer的攻击和防御已经成为该领域的一个研究热点。文章首先简要介绍内存的基本架构,对RowHammer攻击进行分析和总结;然后从硬件和软件的角度对现有的防御方法进行梳理,讨论了现有缓解技术的可行性和实用性;最后指出了未来值得研究的发展方向。     

WinCE.NET系统下黑白LCD的应用

为了降低智能手持终端设备显示部分的功耗,对基于WinCE．NET探作系统的多种单色液晶屏方案进行研究,设计了采用屏幕拷贝方式巧妙实现彩色向单色转化的简单、有效方法．TNS-G320200FTDLY-1W型LCD为例,介绍了显示器件的硬件连接、软件驱程及屏幕拷贝机制中位图的色彩和坐标变换算法设计．经过对程序代码进行优化后,进一步降低了屏幕刷新响应时间,完全能够满足应用的要求．该方案在铁路GSM-R编组站手持移动终端设备研制中得到了成功应用．     

基于SDRAM的8051单片机控制研究

动态随机存取内存(DRAM)以芯片内部各个独立的电容来存储每个数据。SDRAM是DRAM的改良类型,它加速了数据的存取速度。设计结合SDRAM与单片机作为主控制硬件,并对传输/接收模块加以应用,以4×20液晶显示组件作为数据输出设备。设计应用于日常生活的闹铃,配合软硬件的运用,使其时间同步,并给出了软件设计思想,探讨了其在工程实践中的应用价值。     

一种新型基于51单片机的触摸彩屏设计

基于51单片机提出了一套触摸彩色显示屏的控制驱动方案,实现了一体化的人机交互.硬件上采用I/O扩展方式,以8位I/O实现16位并行数据传输,节省I/O口.软件上采用局部分区域操作,只对需要更新显示信息的区域所对应的内部RAM进行数据操作,而对于其它区域不进行任何操作,以此节约处理时间,进一步提高数据更新速率,有效解决屏幕刷新速度慢以及数据更新时屏幕闪烁的问题.     

一种改进的记录缓冲低功耗指令cache方案

针对记录缓冲低功耗cache过滤大部分无效访问、降低功耗的同时无法降低静态功耗的问题,在记录缓冲基础上提出一种改进方案.设计了针对指令存储单元的状态控制电路,在相应的控制逻辑的驱动下自动将不常用的指令存储单元设置为休眠状态,从而有效节省cache的静态功耗.为验证方案的有效性,采用10个SPEC2000标准测试程序进行仿真,并与传统缓冲cache在功耗、性能及面积上进行比较.结果表明该方案在牺牲少量性能和面积的基础上可有效节省指令cache的静态和动态功耗.     

Win CE．NET系统下黑白LCD的应用

为了降低智能手持终端设备显示部分的功耗，对基于Win CE．NET操作系统的多种单色液晶屏方案进行研究。设计了采用屏幕拷贝方式巧妙实现彩色向单色转化的简单、有效方法．TNS—G320200FTDLY-1w型LCD为例，介绍了显示器件的硬件连接、软件驱程度屏幕拷贝机制中位图的色彩和坐标变换算法设计．经过对程序代码进行优化后，进一步降低了屏幕刷新响应时间，完全能够满足应用的要求．该方案在铁路CSM-R编组站手持移动终端设备研制中得到了成功应用．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with