界面多应力作用下乙丙橡胶的特性变化及破坏机理

为了深入研究电缆附件绝缘材料在电、热和机械等多种应力耦合作用下的破坏机理,以110 kV预制式电缆中间接头用三元乙丙橡胶为研究对象,搭建了模拟电缆附件绝缘界面应力作用状况的多应力耦合试验装置。对交联聚乙烯-乙丙橡胶界面中的橡胶试样施加不同的机械拉伸和电应力,应力作用不同时间后,采用显微观察、机械性能测量、体积电阻率及交联度测试、衰减全反射傅里叶红外光谱和X射线光电子能谱等手段对试样进行了观察及测试。研究结果显示,乙丙橡胶表面分子中的部分原有基团在电应力作用下被破坏并氧化,生成—OH、C=O等氧化基团,机械拉伸应力对上述反应具有一定的协同促进作用,而机械性能、体积电阻率和交联度等反映材料体积特性的参数变化幅度不大。这表明,上述多应力耦合作用对乙丙橡胶的破坏主要停留在表面,并未深入体积内部,原因可能是乙丙橡胶材料中的大量添加物和填料暴露在表面后,阻挡了放电粒子和活性基团对试样内部的进一步破坏。     

图像传感器与声音传感器耐辐照实验

高辐照环境下的监测技术与传统监测技术有很大的不同,对传感器、放大电路以及传输电缆的耐辐照性能有很高的要求．通过对半导体器件的辐射效应的研究以及对比实验发现,动圈式声音传感器的耐辐照性能高出CMOS图像传感器几个数量级,对核设施运行时所产生的音频信号进行故障诊断提供了有力的硬件支持．     

微波催化剂MgFe_2O_4-Fe_2O_3微波催化氧化降解结晶紫废水

提出一种新型的、无需添加氧化剂处理结晶紫废水的方法.通过共沉淀晶化法制备微波催化剂MgFe_2O_4-Fe_2O_3,在微波辐照下降解结晶紫废水,考察了催化剂用量、微波功率、辐照时间对结晶紫去除率的影响.结果表明:在一定条件下,去除率随着催化剂用量的增加、微波功率的增大、微波辐照时间的延长而增加.当微波功率为800 W,辐照时间5min,催化剂用量1g/L时,处理200mg/L的结晶紫废水,去除率可达99.3%.本文还对微波催化氧化机理进行了探究,通过添加不同氧化基团清除剂的实验发现,氧化基团清除剂的添加降低了结晶紫的去除率,并提出了该反应的微观机理:微波催化剂吸收电磁波发生光电效应,产生电子和空穴对,与水等作用产生·OH,·OH再氧化降解废水中的有机物.     

电缆热老化寿命的预测研究

利用热分析技术,对电缆绝缘材料的热老化寿命进行了研究,得到了电缆绝缘材料的热老化寿命的计算公式。在不同载流量下,对电缆绝缘材料热老化寿命进行了比较,给出了电缆热老化寿命与载流量的函数关系,为电流致热型电缆火灾的防治提供了基础数据。     

高压直流电缆的电-热场耦合仿真研究

高压直流电缆(high voltage direct current cables, HVDC-cables)广泛应用于生产、生活的方方面面,研究高压直流电缆的电特性、热特性及其耦合性质有助于为高压输电设计和施工提供重要依据.以往研究高压直流电缆内部电场分布时,一般将其视为静电问题,并假设电缆材料属性为线性.本文考虑了绝缘介质材料聚乙烯的非线性特性以及绝缘材料内部的欧姆损失,对旋转对称和非旋转对称的高压直流线缆模型进行了电-热场耦合仿真研究.仿真结果显示,绝缘材料内外温差ΔT增高将引起电场反转效应,而电场系数β增加将消弱外界屏蔽电场.对于非旋转对称截面的高压直流电缆,绝缘介质内电场强度与介质厚度正相关,且同样存在电场反转效应.     

UV辐照强化NaClO溶液湿法脱硝的实验研究

在实验室条件下,开展UV辐照强化NaClO溶液湿法脱硝实验研究,考察了UV辐照时间、NaClO溶液有效氯浓度与溶液初始pH值等因素对NO氧化率及强化率的影响。结果表明,随着UV辐照时间从5 min增加至17.5 min,NaClO溶液NO氧化率迅速升高,与无UV辐照条件相比,NO氧化效果得到显著增强。在相同UV辐照条件下,随着NaClO溶液有效氯浓度降低,NO氧化强化率不断提高。溶液初始pH值对NO氧化率及强化率影响较大。在实验研究基础上,对相关因素的影响机理以及UV/NaClO工艺强化NO氧化的可能反应途径进行了讨论。     

基于tan δ积分值的乙丙橡胶绝缘电缆含水量评估

应用介质损耗角正切值(tan δ)的积分值来评估乙丙橡胶绝缘电缆在老化过程中的含水量和多因素老化寿命方程.参照国际标准实验方法制备绝缘材料试样,设计了浸水老化和浸水加速热老化实验.利用称重法测量试样的含水量,同时测量试样的介质损耗角正切值曲线.结果表明:在1×10-2～1Hz的介电频谱积分值能有效地表征含水量的变化趋势.对比浸水加速热老化的测量曲线,推导出了积分值的绝缘材料的寿命老化模型及多因素之间的影响函数.发现在1×10-2～1Hz tan δ曲线积分与含水量之间存在单调性关系,因此可以利用tan δ曲线积分值测定含水量.     

紫外辐照强化NaClO溶液湿法脱硝的实验研究

在实验室条件下,开展紫外(UV)辐照强化NaClO溶液湿法脱硝实验研究。考察了UV辐照时间、NaClO溶液有效氯浓度与溶液初始pH值等因素对NO氧化率及强化率的影响。结果表明,随着UV辐照时间从5min增加至17.5min,NaClO溶液NO氧化率迅速升高,与无UV辐照条件相比,NO氧化效果得到显著增强。在相同UV辐照条件下,随着NaClO溶液有效氯浓度降低,NO氧化强化率不断提高。溶液初始pH值对NO氧化率及强化率影响较大。在实验研究基础上,对相关因素的影响机理以及UV/NaClO工艺强化NO氧化的可能反应途径进行了讨论。     

中子辐照对锆合金氧化性能的影响

综述了由中子辐照引起的锆合金微观结构的变化对锆合金氧化性能的影响。阐述了中子辐照导致锆合金及氧化膜内缺陷的形成和锆合金合金元素分布变化的现象，较全面地总结了缺陷数目和合金元素分布对锆合金氧化性能的影响，较系统地提出了中子辐照下锆合金氧化性能变化的机制，概述了提高中子辐照条件下锆合金抗腐蚀能力的方法，并就该方向的进一步研究提出了看法。     

KP—1型电缆偏心测量控制设备

KP-1型电缆偏心测量控制设备是电线电缆生产上一种关键设备。过去对于透明绝缘材料的电缆偏心检测和校正是靠手电筒照,靠操作者目光观察。对于不透明绝缘材料的电缆,就靠操作者手指捏摸,凭经验来控制。有时把电缆的首端和末端切下一个短环来观察,发现偏心较大时,手动调整挤胶膜来进行控制。这些办法劳动强度高,生产率低,而且误差大。由于     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with