Impact of light intensity on flowering time and plant quality of Antirrhinum majus L. cultivar Chimes White

Shades of different light intensities (29%, 43%, 54%,60% or 68%) along with control (no shade) were studied to observe their effects on the flowering time and plant quality. A hyperbolic relationship was observed between different light intensities under shade,and time to flowering.The total number of flower buds showed a curvilinear relationship with light intensities. Growth parameters related to the plant characteristics such as plant height,leaf area and plant fresh weight were improved under shading treatments at the expense of flowering time and number of flower buds.However,both linear and polynomial models applied assumed that cultivar Chimes White was equally sensitive to light intensity throughout development.     

温度和时间对郁金香种球芽发育及切花品质的影响

对10个不同品种的郁金香种球,在变温、常温和低温条件下分别处理不同的时间,研究各品种的芽体发育和切花品质.结果表明：常温条件下各品种的芽长随处理时间的延长而增长,5℃低温处理8周或10周的芽体最长,且品种间差异显著;变温处理的盲花率最高（100%）,其次是常温处理（91%）,5℃处理的盲花率最低（7%）;常温处理切花品质差,低温处理能明显提高切花质量,但处理时间因品种而异.     

Regulation of non-muscle myosin assembly by calmodulin-dependent light chain kinase

The presence of actin and myosin in non-muscle cells suggests that they may be involved in a wide range of cellular contractile activities. The generally accepted view is that interaction between actin and myosin in these cells and in vertebrate smooth muscle, is regulated by the level of phosphorylation of the 20,000-molecular weight (MW) light chain. In the absence of calcium, this light chain is not phosphorylated and the myosin cannot interact with actin. Calcium activates a specific calmodulin-dependent kinase which phosphorylates the light chain, initiating actin-myosin interaction. Although most studies on the role of phosphorylation have concentration on the regulation of actin-activated myosin Mg-ATPase activity, phosphorylation of the light chain also seems to control the assembly of smooth muscle myosin into filaments. Using purified smooth muscle light chain kinase, we have confirmed this observation. We report here studies of myosins isolated from the two non-muscle sources, thymus cells and platelets. We observed that these myosins are assembled into filaments at physiological ionic strength and Mg-ATP concentrations, only when the 20,000-MW light chain is phosphorylated.     

The ELF4 gene controls circadian rhythms and flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana

Many plants use day length as an environmental cue to ensure proper timing of the switch from vegetative to reproductive growth. Day-length sensing involves an interaction between the relative length of day and night, and endogenous rhythms that are controlled by the plant circadian clock. Thus, plants with defects in circadian regulation cannot properly regulate the timing of the floral transition. Here we describe the gene EARLY FLOWERING 4 (ELF4), which is involved in photoperiod perception and circadian regulation. ELF4 promotes clock accuracy and is required for sustained rhythms in the absence of daily light/dark cycles. elf4 mutants show attenuated expression of CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1), a gene that is thought to function as a central oscillator component. In addition, elf4 plants transiently show output rhythms with highly variable period lengths before becoming arrhythmic. Mutations in elf4 result in early flowering in non-inductive photoperiods, which is probably caused by elevated amounts of CONSTANS (CO), a gene that promotes floral induction.     

SRD的PWM调压调速

根据开关磁阻电动机调速系统 ( SRD)的 PWM调压调速理论 ,论述了采用集成电路TL494实现 SRD的 PWM调压调速的原理。实验证明 ,该方案控制方便 ,可靠性高 ,调速范围较宽 ,简单易行 ,特别适用于小功率开关磁阻电动机的调速系统。     

一种提高光网络服务质量的算法

在光网络中传输业务流时,为避免因某些网络部件失效而造成的网络传输中断,使之依然保证可靠的业务流传输,一种通过部分链路采用保护路,并且支持业务量疏导的算法,可提高用户建立连接的成功率,最终提高了网络的服务质量.     

光波时空相干性的实验演示

阐述了利用常用的普通物理实验设备演示光波时空相干性的方法,介绍了实验设备的组成及其调试过程。     

用蒙特卡罗法模拟积分球的光传输时间特性

运用蒙特卡罗法原理,用Matlab软件编程,通过随机抽样,追迹了100 000个光子,对一半径为100mm,漫反射率为0.85的积分球的光传输时间特性进行了仿真分析.结果显示:积分球对入射光脉冲具有展宽作用,当入射光为脉宽无限窄的理想脉冲时,积分球的出射光能量波形符合指数曲线规律.对模拟数据进行指数拟合,得到了各拟合系数及相关系数.在此基础上对方波函数的输出响应进行模拟,得到了分段指数曲线,进一步验证了积分球对脉冲的展宽作用.两种情况下拟合的时间常数基本一致,拟合的相关系数大于0.97.     

基于时间序列夜间灯光数据的EPC预测模型

为了利用夜间灯光数据来预测电力消耗量(EPC),采用增强植被指数(EVI)实现对美国国防气象卫星搭载的可见光成像线性扫描业务系统(DMSP/OLS)数据的校正,利用回归模型实现DMSP/OLS数据和美国国家极轨卫星搭载的可见光近红外成像辐射仪夜间灯光波段(NPP/VIIRS)数据的拟合,构建出2001-2018年的长时间序列的夜间灯光影像,并与EPC数据建立线性、二次项和乘幂回归模型,选择决定系数(R2)值相对较优、平均绝对相对误差(MARE)最小的模型为各自的最优模型.结果 表明:通过对夜间灯光影像进行校正,解决了DMSP/OLS影像数据不连续、像元饱和效应、与NPP/VIIRS影像不可比等问题;在国家尺度上,二次项模型是优选模型,校正后的夜间灯光数据与EPC的R2和MARE值分别为0.99和5.650％;在省级尺度上,基于省级单位与EPC建立的优选模型的R2值和MARE值分别为0.878和28.783％;在省级尺度上,基于时间序列建立的夜间灯光数据与EPC的R2和MARE值分别为0.972和7.286％;省级单位长时间建模精度高于基于省级单位建模的精度.     

超高压保压时间对冷鲜肉品质的影响

以市售冷鲜肉为研究对象,采用超高压技术对冷鲜肉进行超高压处理,使冷鲜肉在200 MPa的超高压力下分别处理5、10、15、20 min,并放入40℃、相对湿度90%的恒温恒湿箱中储藏,每隔3 d对冷鲜肉的p H值、色度(a*)、TVB-N值及菌落总数进行测定,并与未经处理的冷鲜肉进行对比,结果表明,超高压力保持5 min的冷鲜肉,在高温高湿的储藏环境下,不仅可以将保鲜期延长至9 d,并且冷鲜肉的各项指标均接近国家标准对一级鲜肉的要求,达到了保鲜的效果.     

水量水质实时在线监测系统设计

水质自动监测目前还是初步应用阶段,投入很大,管理费用高.阐述了利用H-ADCP与常规五参数水质测定仪来实现水量、水质实时在线监测,并对该系统的安装、数据采集与处理进行了介绍.H-ADCP流量监测仪已在广东水文监测工作中得到应用,实现了实时水量在线监测,收到了较好的效果.     

Excel在工件的加热及质量检验过程中的应用

文章论述了应用Excel进行工程计算的特点及优点,重点介绍了运用Excel计算工件的加热时间和控制工件的质量;研究发现,应用Excel对热处理工艺参数进行解算对于热处理行业的发展和节约能源有着积极的促进作用;在此基础上,展望了Excel在热处理其他工艺中的应用前景.     

Control of flowering and storage organ formation in potato by FLOWERING LOCUS T

Seasonal fluctuations in day length regulate important aspects of plant development such as the flowering transition or, in potato (Solanum tuberosum), the formation of tubers. Day length is sensed by the leaves, which produce a mobile signal transported to the shoot apex or underground stems to induce a flowering transition or, respectively, a tuberization transition. Work in Arabidopsis, tomato and rice (Oryza sativa) identified the mobile FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) protein as a main component of the long-range 'florigen', or flowering hormone, signal. Here we show that expression of the Hd3a gene, the FT orthologue in rice, induces strict short-day potato types to tuberize in long days. Tuber induction is graft transmissible and the Hd3a-GFP protein is detected in the stolons of grafted plants, transport of the fusion protein thus correlating with tuber formation. We provide evidence showing that the potato floral and tuberization transitions are controlled by two different FT-like paralogues (StSP3D and StSP6A) that respond to independent environmental cues, and show that an autorelay mechanism involving CONSTANS modulates expression of the tuberization-control StSP6A gene.     

冷库的贮藏时间对牛肉品质影响的研究

本文通过随机抽样的方法,设实验组和对照组各10件冻牛肉,对其在冷藏条件下的品质变化情况进行研究.找出了冻牛肉的冷藏安全期限为11-12个月.冻牛脂肪为6-7个月;其品质变化规律可分为三个阶段;同时还研究出牛脂肪的TBA正常值为0.5000-1.320mg/kg,探讨牛肉在常规冷库冷藏的安全期限.