鸡艾美耳球虫单卵囊分离与种类鉴定

为了建立鸡球虫纯株,选用1~5日龄雏鸡,采用琼脂块单卵囊分离法对实验室保存的6种11株鸡球虫进行纯化,并选用2周龄雏鸡,对每个虫种/株选取1个单卵囊分离物进行增殖和种类鉴定.结果单卵囊接种179只,获得单卵囊分离物42个,单卵囊分离成功率23.46%;对11个单卵囊分离物,通过测定寄生部位、潜在期、孢子化卵囊大小、形状指数(长/宽)、孢子囊大小、最短孢子化时间等指标,鉴定出1个分离物为堆形艾美耳球虫(Eimeria acervulina)、2个分离物为柔嫩艾美耳球虫(E.tenella)、6个分离物为巨型艾美耳球虫(E.maxima)、1个分离物为变位艾美耳球虫(E.mivati)、1个分离物为毒害艾美耳球虫(E.necatrix).本研究表明琼脂块单卵囊分离法简便易行、成功率较高,同时提示实验室保存的布氏艾美耳球虫(E.brunetti)被柔嫩艾美耳球虫污染.     

河南武陟县猫球虫种类调查

1988年3—5月,检查了河南省武陟县家猫66只粪便各一份,按照新的分类法,发现了4属5种球虫,即猫来文球虫,利氏来文球虫,瓦氏贝诺球虫,鼠肉孢子虫和猫艾美尔球虫。对其形态特征进行了详述,记述了感染率和感染度。     

鸡盲肠艾美尔球虫Eimeria tenella和毒害艾美尔球虫E.necatrix的发育史及其组织病变

鸡盲肠艾美尔球虫(Eimeria tenella)和毒害艾美尔球虫(E.necatrix)是危害家鸡的二种重要球虫,呈世界性分布。厦门地区前者感染率为80%,后者45%(洪凌仙等,1984)。幼鸡严重感染后,呈厌食、拉粘液血便、生长率明显下降,并导致成批死亡(霍夫斯塔,1972)。Tyzzer(1929)曾报道盲肠艾美尔球虫和毒害艾美尔球虫的生活史,但对两种球虫的无性生殖代数不甚明确,特别对毒害艾美尔球虫的发育史较为简略。我国对两种球虫的发育     

地克珠利对藏马鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫病的疗效

在人工感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫（Eimeria tenella）的藏马鸡中进行了地克珠利预混剂、地克珠利饮水剂、氯苯胍的抗球虫试验，以卵囊减少率作为主要试验指标，观察其抗球虫效果。结果表明：地克珠利预混剂、地克珠利饮水剂卵囊减少率均为99．5％，相对增重率分别为84．9％和92．9％，而氯苯胍的卵囊减少率为95％，相对增重率为59．1％。表明地克珠利是一种高效的抗球虫药，能有效的控制藏马鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫病。     

柔嫩艾美尔球虫厦门株生物学（Eimeria tenella）研究

采用单卵囊分离方法从厦门地区饲养的鸡盲肠中获得艾美尔球虫．经显微观察、测量和感染实验．从寄生部位、卵囊形态、孢子化时间和潜伏期等指标测定．实验结果：采用琼脂板方法分离和挑选单卵囊方法进行感染效果理想。单卵囊感染小鸡成功率为60％．该球虫寄生在鸡盲肠部位．其余部位未发现．卵囊形态长卵圆形．长25．80(23．5～28．5)．宽20．86(18．5～23．5)．长／宽：1．23(1．21～1．27)．27℃条件下孢子化时间为20h．．潜伏期为146h．与国内一些株进行比较存在差别．确定该艾美尔球虫为柔嫩艾美尔球虫(Eimeria tenella)，并定名为柔嫩艾美尔球虫厦门株．     

新疆石河子地区绵羊球虫的调查分类及两新种的记述

本研究的标本是于1987—1990年来自新疆石河子地区.通过对86只绵羊的调查,其中61只感染有球虫.经鉴定共发现艾美尔科Eimeriidae艾美尔属的球虫13种,其中两种为新种,即:厚膜艾美尔球虫E.Pachymeria sp.nov.和卵状艾美尔球虫E.odeus SP.nov.并对两新种及其他11个种全部进行了形态记述和体外发育时间的观察.     

青海部分地区不同年龄段牦牛球虫感染情况的调查

为了掌握青海省部分地区和不同年龄段牦牛球虫病的流行规律,本研究从青海省海北州海晏县、祁连县和黄南州尖扎县采集1月龄,3月龄,8月龄和1岁以上的牦牛粪便587份,用蔗糖漂浮法进行球虫卵囊检查。结果表明:球虫卵囊阳性粪便为310份,占52.81%。临床引起的腹泻率为23.85%。海晏、祁连、尖扎县牦牛球虫感染率分别为47.85%,48.92%和63.53%,各地之间感染率没有显著差异(P0.05)。3月龄的球虫感染率最高(79.22%,P0.05),1月龄内的牦牛球虫感染率为最低(17.72%,P0.05)。共发现牦牛感染13种艾美尔球虫,其中Eimeria bovis,E.canadensis,E.ellipsoidalis和E.zuernii为调查地区牦牛球虫感染的主要虫种,均为致病性较强的虫种,应引起高度重视。     

柔嫩艾美尔球虫厦门株(Eimeria tenella)生物学研究

采用单卵囊分离方法从厦门地区饲养的鸡盲肠中获得艾美尔球虫,经显微观察、测量和感染实验,从寄生部位、卵囊形态、孢子化时间和潜伏期等指标测定,实验结果:采用琼脂板方法分离和挑选单卵囊方法进行感染效果理想,单卵囊感染小鸡成功率为60%.该球虫寄生在鸡盲肠部位,其余部位未发现,卵囊形态长卵圆形,长25.80(23.5～28.5),宽20.86(18.5～23.5),长/宽:1.23(1.21～1.27),27℃条件下孢子化时间为20 h.,潜伏期为146 h.与国内一些株进行比较存在差别,确定该艾美尔球虫为柔嫩艾美尔球虫(Eimeriatenella),并定名为柔嫩艾美尔球虫厦门株.     

鸡的球虫病原种类调查和堆形艾美尔球虫的内生殖期虫体与组织病变研究

鸡球虫病流行于世界各地,通常病鸡产生肠炎、贫血、体重和产蛋力降低,严重时大批死亡(Helen,1968),是养禽业的大敌。国外记载鸡的球虫病原有9个种(Krieger,1979)。我国广州家禽有13种球虫,其中鸡有5种球虫(佐仲贤,1981)。福建有关鸡的球虫未见报告。作者于1980—1982年在厦门地区考察了鸡球虫病原的种类及其感染状况,并对堆形艾美尔球虫的内生殖期及其组织病变进行研究。现将结果报告如下:     

三种药物对成都麻羊球虫驱除效果的比较试验

作者于1989年12月至1990年1月用美国默沙东药厂提供的安保乐(AMPR OL)、瑞士引进的三字球虫粉(Esb3)和国产的氯苯胍(Robenidine)等三种药物对成都麻羊球虫进行了驱除效果的比较试验。试验结果:三字球虫粉效果最好,卵囊减少率达94.8％,其次是安保乐,卵囊减少率为78.7％,氯苯胍有一定驱虫效果,卵囊减少率为50.8％。三种药物对优势种阿氏艾美耳球虫的驱除效果:三字球虫粉的卵囊减少率为97％,安保乐为79.2％,氯苯胍为78.1％。由上看出,氯本胍的总计卵囊减少率虽然较差,但对优势种阿氏艾美耳球虫却有较好的效果,因此,在驱麻羊球虫时仍可将氯苯胍与三字球虫粉和安保乐交替使用。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the