The Technical Specification and Physical Performance Level of Line Pipes for West-East Gas Pipeline

The west-east gas transmission engineering is an important project attracting domestic and foreign attention. The gas pipeline used in this project is a gas pipeline with the longest distance, largest pipe diameter and highest transmission pressure in the history of petroleum pipeline construction of China. For the construction of top-rank gas pipeline in the world with high standard, high speed and high benefit, the key of specifying production of metallurgical and pipe-making enterprises and ensuring quality performance of the steel and steel pipe is to research and formulate a feasible and satisfactory technical Specification for engineering steel and steel pipe with international level. In this paper the author introduces the establishment of the technical specification for West-East gas pipeline project, and lays emphasis on the analysis and discussion of principle and method determining major technical indexes related to line pipes for West-East gas pipeline. The author also introduces actual material selection of gas pipeline home and abroad, and presents examination and application of the technical specification for West-East gas pipeline.     

Cultivating technical capabilities of enterprises is an important task of the Sutong Bridge project

The paper analyzes existing state of innovation system in the field of public infrastructure construction in China and elaborates on the duty and role of owner in establishment of a technical innovation system with enterprise as the main body following the process of production-education-research. This paper also claims that the key project construction is an important resource to enhance national capability of innovation and accordingly puts forward an effective approach to cultivate the core competitiveness of leading enterprises on the basis of practice in the Sutong Bridge project.     

Exploration technology and development trend of Daqing Oilfield

Exploration for oil and deep gas in northern Songliao Basin,complex rift basin—Hailaer Basin,and Yi-Shu Graben in peripheral basin has technical challenge.Researches on supporting technology including seismic acquisition,processing and interpretation,logging and drilling are performed to establish high resolution 3D seismic technology for lithologic reservoir,deep volcanic rock and complex rift basin,reservoir evaluation and stimulation technology for low permeability reservoir,volcanic reservoir and complex rift reservoir,and drilling technology for deep volcanic rock,providing technical support for reserves increase in northern Songliao Basin,large gas reservoirs discovery in deep volcanic rock and exploration progress in complex rift basin.Next-step development trend of exploration technology is proposed to meet the demand of more technical challenges in the future.     

The construction management system and practice of Three Gorges Project

Three Gorges Project (TGP),the largest water resources and hydropower project in the world with huge scale and complex techniques,has great comprehensive benefits mainly in flood control,power generation and navigation improvement.Through 17-year construction and practice,the project has been successfully completed.Some valuable experience from the successful construction of TGP has been gained for the management system and mechanism of hydropower project construction in China.Its construction management mode produces important influences on the management system of domestic capital construction.With combination of the construction management practice of TGP,the characteristics of management system and mechanism are summarized,and the suggestions on current hydropower development system and construction management mode are put forward.     

Research on no Dig Directional Drilling Pipeline Laying Technique —The reseach on directional drilling tool

The directional crossing drilling works were applied in the West-East gas pipeline(WEGTP) project.The main researehs on the directional crossing drilling include:(1)to analyze the forces applied on the drilling tool and the failure mechanism in onler to obtain the proper configuration of the drilling tool and solve the failure prevention;(2)to analyze the existing mud,to propose a viable mud composition;(3)in respect of mud mixing and environmental protection,to develop a quick evcloning mud hydration and recycling device;(4)to develop a interface picture software for direction controlling measured parameter to improve directional drilling accuracy;(5)tp develop an electronic search software incorporating large amounl of construction specifications and mud compositions,used for construction.In this paper the first one of the above mentioned points is introduced,including existing problems with directional drilling,optimization of the drilling tool,analysis of drill collar fracture failure,research on stress scattering structure of drilling tool thread and thread sticking prevention measures.etc.     

The practice of project construction and management of Three Gorges ship lock

The double-line five-step ship-lock of Three Gorges Project (TGP) is an extra-large navigation structure with the maximum design total head and single-step delivery head in the world and complicated technical problems.The shiplock is a challenging and world-class project integrating the advanced techniques and equipment,the up-to-date technologies and materials,as well as the advanced project management.Through 17-year construction and 9-year operation of the ship-lock,various difficulties in design,construction,equipment manufacturing and installation as well as system debugging have been overcome effectively.The project management ideas,management system,management methods,technological innovation and team building are summarized according to the management practice of the second stage main work of Three Gorges ship-lock.     

Suggestions on the Development of Four Major Geoscience Projects

That the geoscience and geological prospecting circles in China should carry out research and development on four major geoscience projects was suggested. Participating the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program （IODP） which is initiated by Japan; Ddeveloping deep sea mineral resources （mainly nodules） within the scope of the exclusive economic zone of China in the northwest Pacific; Formulating technical policy for exploiting natural gas hydrate and carrying out research on the related technology and equipment; Accelerating the exploration of deep geoscience earth conducting super deep continental scientific drilling on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau.     

Scientific and technological progress and innovation of Three Gorges Project

In the design,construction and operation periods of the Three Gorges Project (TGP),great challenges have been met in different fields such as water resources and hydropower project construction,electromechanical equipment manufacture and ecological environment protection.In view of the key techniques and difficulties in the construction period,scientific and technological breakthroughs have been made by the experts and scholars of various fields and a series of innovative achievements are gained,which make the scientific and technological levels in relevant fields improved.Some major innovative achievements in the construction and operation of TGP are enumerated,which are significant for the hydropower project construction and clean energy development in the future in China.     

Project Construction and Important Technical Innovation for Qinshan Phase Ⅲ (PHWR) Nuclear Power Plant

Qinshan Phase Ⅲ (PHWR) Nuclear Power Plant, the first commercial heavy water reactor nuclear power plant in China, was the biggest trade project performed between the governments of China and Canada. As the owner, the Third Qinshan Nuclear Power Company (TQNPC) persisted in independent innovation management during the project construction, commissioning and selfdependent operation, efficiently realizing the three controls of the project, i.e. quality control, schedule control and investment control, and persisted in technical improvement on the basis of digestion and absorption of CANDU6 technology to improve the unit safety and reliability. The project construction practice has helped China’s nuclear power project management to becomeprogrammed, computerized, standardized and internationalized management from the existing basis. After completion of the project, with unit safe and steady operation as the prerequisite, TQNPC performed several technical modifications and innovations to continuously improve the unit performance. In the area of staff development, TQNPC paid much attention to cultivation of corporate culture, strengthed staff training and built up a good circulating mechanism with staff training and project construction promoting each other. Further to “Zero Breakthrough” and a new step forward of locolization successfully realized in Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant and Nuclear Power Qinshan Joint Venture Company, the improvement and developemnt of nuclear power project management level in Qinshan Phase Ⅲ (PHWR) Nuclear Power Plant provided reference for promotion of nuclear power development in China and standardized management of introducing large imported project.     

Tension leg platform project execution

The first floating platform concept design work for South China Sea is undergoing in DMAR’s office now. This tension leg platform has potential to become the first advanced floating production platform project. Project execution is always a challenge for floating system. This paper focuses on the critical elements of project execution for tension leg platform,and studies potential implications to future oil and gas exploration in South China Sea. There are many factors affecting successful execution of floating system project,including technical issues, engineering management,interface management,etc. There are also failure examples of project execution in the industry. The author has participated 28 large detailed projects and has gained extensive experience on floating projects,with ample hands-on project experiences. A detailed tension leg platform project study example and discussions in depth are presented for future project execution in China deepwater development.     

元坝超深水平井井身结构优化与轨迹控制技术

元坝气田是世界上埋藏最深的海相酸性气田,其长兴组主力气藏具有埋藏超深、高温、高压、高含硫化氢、储层薄横向变化大、气水关系复杂等特征,常规直井、定向井产量低,方案设计采用水平井开发。该区钻井面临“硬、塌、卡、漏、喷、毒”等挑战,复杂事故多,施工难度大,安全风险高。为此,从地层三压力特征和实钻资料分析入手,研究提出利于封隔复杂井段的五开制井身结构方案和利于轨迹优化调整的常规定向钻具组合设计。所形成的井身结构优化和轨迹控制技术已成功应用于10 口超深水平井,保证了方案部署井的安全顺利实施,实现了优快钻井和水平段长穿优质储层的目标,完钻井测试均获得了高产,创造了多项国内外钻井工程新纪录。     

气体连续循环钻井技术在博孜区块砾石层的应用

博孜区块上部地层发育着近5 000 m厚的砾石层，砾石层硬度大、可钻性差，导致了上部大尺寸井眼常规钻井机械钻速低、钻井周期长，近年来尝试了多种提速工具、工艺技术，效果都不理想。为此，进行了气体连续循环钻井技术研究，设计了气体连续循环钻井技术方案，制定了井斜控制、沉砂清理等工艺技术措施，形成了适合巨厚砾石层地质特征的气体连续循环钻井工艺技术，并开展了6口井、9井次现场应用，显著提高了机械钻速，缩短了钻井周期，较大节省了钻井成本。气体连续循环钻井技术克服了沉砂30 m以上无法接立柱的困难，有效延长了微出水地层气体钻井进尺，将最大井斜控制在5°的安全范围内，未影响后期技术套管下入及完井改造工艺实施。气体连续循环钻井技术正在成为博孜区块巨厚砾石层钻井提速提效的一项关键技术，它为博孜-大北区块万亿方产能建设目标提供了有力的技术支撑。     

渤601井欠平衡钻井技术

渤601井是渤南油田一口重点评价井,钻探目的是扩大渤深6断块潜山低部位含油气范围.该井四开钻探过程中成功地采用欠平衡钻井技术钻穿寒武系凤阳山组,以防止该区古生界灰岩储层发生井漏及储层污染,从而保护油层.在该区发现了高产工业油流.在欠平衡钻井中成功地进行了中途测试,并提高了深井钻井速度,为渤南地区裂缝性地层钻井提供了宝贵的经验.结合渤601井实际情况,给出了地质设计和工程设计,分析了施工过程中主要技术难点,介绍了钻前准备工作、欠平衡钻进、完井和施工效果.     

钻井综合信息无线数据传输系统

针对石油钻井野外作业的特殊性和信息资源管理建设的需要 ,提出了一种数据无线传输方法 .以钻井队现有短波电台通讯系统为基础 ,经过技术改造 ,构筑无线数据传输通道 .经处理过的技术数据、报表和文档等混合数据 ,经过井队和基站的无线传输 ,进入钻井公司企业网 .对无线传输方案、传输通道、网络结构、调制信号的处理及软件编程等方面作了详细介绍 .无线数据传输技术的推广应用 ,提高了钻井技术水平和现场管理水平 ,提高了钻井综合经济效益     

高瓦斯矿井瓦斯防治技术研究

以侯甲煤矿为例,对高瓦斯矿井的瓦斯防治技术进行了研究,介绍了侯甲煤矿在瓦斯防治方面所采取的主要技术措施和防治经验,包括通过优化巷道布置来提高通风系统的通风效果和通过大面积施工煤层瓦斯抽放钻孔进行瓦斯预抽,降低煤层的瓦斯含量。     

车古区块钻井液技术研究及应用

车古区块是富台油田新的产油区,油气埋藏较深．先期使用普通聚磺钻井液体系进行油层井段钻进,机械钻速低;砂岩易形成虚厚泥饼,造成起下钻阻卡及渗透性漏失的复杂情况;由于普通聚磺体系固相含量高,油层易受污染．通过改用低固相钻井液体系施工,保证了施工顺利,无复杂事故发生;保护了油气层;提高了机械钻速．低固相钻井液体系的成功应用表明该体系适应本区块地层特点,有助于本区块的进一步勘探开发．     

环空注气气举反循环钻井工艺及关键参数设计

利用气举反循环钻井技术解决长宁页岩气表层钻井漏失问题,需要解决常规气举反循环钻井技术井口敞开、井底压力控制不精确等问题。为此,在常规气举反循环钻井技术的基础上,设计了一种环空注气气举反循环钻井新工艺,新工艺加装旋转防喷器、钻杆旋塞等工具,具备井控能力。通过调节注气量、钻井液排量等关键施工参数,控制井底压力,减少钻井漏失。在多相流理论基础上,建立了与新工艺匹配的环空注气气举反循环井底压力计算模型,分析了关键施工参数对井底压力的影响规律,建立了关键参数设计方法,在安全窗口范围内优选关键施工参数,保证安全钻井。结果表明：井底压力随注气量的增大先减小、后增大,存在临界注气量;井底压力随井深增大而增大;井底压力随钻井液排量增大而增大。在长宁某井表层进行了现场试验,与同井段井漏地层相比,较常规钻井工艺技术井漏减少83.6%。研究成果为解决四川长宁页岩气表层井漏问题提供了一种新的技术措施。     

南海深水井下采注技术挑战与对策

南海油气资源储量丰富,开发过程中面临着油气田开发向着水更深、离岸更远、环境更复杂的方向发展。因采用水下采油树方式进行开采,钻完井成本高,为提高采油采气经济效益,单井的生产要达到采液量4000-8000m3/d,或采气量100×10_⁴-300×10_⁴ Nm_³/d ,还需要具有一定的举升和远输能力,满足水下井口压力20MPa以上。目前深水注采技术全部为国外公司垄断的“卡脖子”技术和工具,为提高我国深水油气田开发技术水平,实现深水油气田人工举升技术的跨越式发展,结合十余年来在中国海上油田注采技术攻关和实践,针对南海深水油田未来高产高效采油、采气、注水开发方面面临的挑战,提出开发拥护有自主知识产权的大排量深井电潜泵、高压注气阀、井下气体压缩机、智能控制开关等工具攻关方及深水人才队伍及实验能力建设等对策建议。     

安装/修井控制系统在深水油气田开发中的应用

针对与浅水干式井口相配套的海洋平台修井机已不能适应未来大量深水水下井口完井/修井的问题,介绍了典型的安装/修井控制系统功能原理、结构组成,对其关键技术参数进行了分析,并以国外某深水气田为例,探讨了安装/修井控制系统在水下井口的完井、修井作业中如何应用.对安装/修井控制系统在我国深水油气资源开发中的应用,具有一定的指导意义.