黑曲霉发酵玉米淀粉生产柠檬酸

用紫外线和亚硝基胍诱变相结合的方法,从野生黑曲霉菌株出发,经多次诱变筛选,得到一株能够较好地利用玉米淀粉生产柠檬酸的黑曲霉菌株Ａ．ｎｉｇｅｒ９５。对Ａ．ｎｉｇｅｒ９５在摇瓶和发酵罐上用玉米淀粉发酵产生柠檬酸的适宜条件作了详细研究。经过比较,认为摇瓶产生柠檬酸的适宜培养基配方及发酵条件为：玉米淀粉２０％（均为质量分数,下同）、（ＮＨ４）ＳＯ４０．２％、ＫＨ２ＰＯ４０．２％、ＭｇＳＯ４７Ｈ２Ｏ０．０５％,甲醇３％,初始ｐＨ３．０。接种液体种子５％,３０℃２００ｒ／ｍｉｎ发酵７ｄ,柠檬酸产量１０．８％。在６．６Ｌ的Ｂｉｏｆｌｏ－Ⅱ型发酵罐上设定３０℃,５００～６００ｒ／ｍｉｎ,ｐＨ４．０,１．２～２．５Ｌ／ｍｉｎ的通气量,发酵１３２ｈ,柠檬酸产量为９．３％。可用价格低廉、来源丰富的玉米淀粉代替传统的薯干,作为发酵生产柠檬酸的原料,为实际生产奠定了基础。     

富铬啤酒酵母发酵条件的优化

通过对啤酒酵母富铬发酵条件（发酵培养基配方,发酵时间,发酵温度,接种量,培养基装量）的探讨,得到了富铬啤酒酵母发酵的最佳工艺条件,即：（１）发酵培养基配方：葡萄糖１％、酵母膏０．３％、蛋白胨１．０５％、ＫＨ２ＰＯ４０．１％、ＭｇＳＯ４７Ｈ２Ｏ０．１％、（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４０．１％、Ｃｒ３＋浓度０．０２ｇ／Ｌ、ｐＨ值５．１;（２）最佳吸收时间：发酵４８ｈ．（３）发酵温度：２８℃;（４）接种量：１０％;（５）培养基装量：５０ｍＬ．     

Cl~- 和 SO_4~(2-) 对厌氧废水处理的抑制阈值

用人工配制高浓度有机废水分别研究了Ｃｌ－和ＳＯ２－４对厌氧生物废水处理的抑制作用和抑制阈值．在全混流厌氧恒化器和上流式厌氧污泥床（ＵＡＳＢ）反应器中分别得到了对厌氧消化基本无抑制作用（全混流恒化器：Ｃｌ－＜４．５ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＜１．８ｇ／Ｌ;ＵＡＳＢ：Ｃｌ－＜７．２ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＜３．０ｇ／Ｌ）;轻度抑制（全混流恒化器：Ｃｌ－＝４．５～６．０ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＝１．８～３．３ｇ／Ｌ;ＵＡＳＢ：Ｃｌ－＝７．２～８．２ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＝３．０～４．１ｇ／Ｌ）;中度抑制（全混流恒化器：Ｃｌ－＝６．０～１３．８ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＝３．３～６．５ｇ／Ｌ;ＵＡＳＢ：Ｃｌ－＝８．２～１０．０ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＝４．１～６．０ｇ／Ｌ）和重度抑制（全混流恒化器：Ｃｌ－＞１３．８ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＞６．５ｇ／Ｌ;ＵＡＳＢ：Ｃｌ－＞１０．０ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＞６．０ｇ／Ｌ）的不同Ｃｌ－和ＳＯ２－４浓度范围．     

利用热带假丝酵母提高酶解马铃薯汁的蛋白质含量

马铃薯汁用糖化酶水解，接种热带假丝酵母，在摇床中３０℃，１２０ｒ／ｍｉｎ培养３ｄ．分别用（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４或柠檬酸铵为氮源，用Ｎａ２ＨＰＯ４－ＫＨ２ＰＯ４缓冲液和ＣａＣＯ３为ｐＨ值稳定物质时，测定发酵基质中蛋白质的增加量．结果表明，以（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４为氮源，用Ｎａ２ＨＰＯ４－ＫＨ２ＰＯ４缓冲液（０．０２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ｐＨ６．８）和ＣａＣＯ３（０．３％）为ｐＨ稳定物质时，发酵基质中蛋白质含量的增加值最大，以干重计，蛋白质含量从１０．４％增加到３９．６％．     

产胞外木聚糖酶青霉菌发酵条件的正交设计试验

正交设计试验结果表明,青霉菌（Ｐｅｎｉｃｉｌｌｉｕｍ ｓｐ．ｍ８） 胞外木聚糖酶活力达９２．９６ Ｕ／ｍＬ,合适的产酶发酵条件为：培养基（ｇ／Ｌ）,麦草粉４０,（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４ ４．４４,ＫＨ２ＰＯ４ １．０,ＭｇＳＯ４ ·７Ｈ２Ｏ０．５,ＮａＣｌ０．３,Ｔｗｅｅｎ ８０ ３．０,ＣａＣＯ３ １．０;每亳升培养基接种２．０×１０５ 个孢子,２８ ℃,水浴振荡培养４ ｄ（１２０ｒ／ｍｉｎ）。     

均匀设计在肌苷发酵中的应用

采用均匀设计对肌苷工程菌枯草芽孢杆菌株Ｑ２９０１－４－３５（ＳＧｒ）的最佳发酵条件进行了研究。确定发酵培养基配方为（质量分数）葡萄糖１２％ ,药用酵母粉１．４％ ,硫酸铵１．３％ ,玉米浆０．５％ ,Ｎａ２ＨＰＯ４·１２Ｈ２Ｏ ０．５％ ,ＫＣｌ０．６％ ,ＭｇＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ ０．２２％ ,ＣａＣＯ３ ２．０％ ,尿素０．２％ （分消）ｐＨ７．０,在上述发酵培养基中发酵产苷达１５．２０ｇ／Ｌ,该菌株的产苷能力比在原发酵培养基中的产苷能力提高了１０％ 。从而证明均匀设计实验所给回归模型对发酵条件的选择具有重要的指导意义。     

白蚁伞多糖的发酵生产

对白蚁伞在摇瓶和发酵罐中发酵产生白蚁伞多糖的动力学做了较为详细的研究。比较了几种不同培养基产生白蚁伞多糖的差异，筛选出在２８℃，２００ｒ／ｍｉｎ条件下，摇瓶产生白蚁伞多糖的最适培养基为黄豆粉葡萄糖培养基（以ｇ／Ｌ计）：黄豆粉５，葡萄糖３０，酵母浸膏粉２，ＫＨ２ＰＯ４１，ＭｇＳＯ４７Ｈ２Ｏ０．５，自来水配制，自然ｐＨ值（约５．５）。发酵１２０ｈ，达到最大的多糖产量０．５７３ｇ／Ｌ。在ＮｅｗＢｒｕｎｓｗｉｃｋＳｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃ（ＮＢＳ）Ｂｉｏｆｌｏ－Ⅱ６．６Ｌ的发酵罐上设定２８℃，６００ｒ／ｍｉｎ，５～７Ｌ／ｍｉｎ的通气量发酵２７ｈ，达到最大的多糖产量０．５６５ｇ／Ｌ。发酵过程的ｐＨ和氨基氮变化与其它食用菌的不同。对苯酚－硫酸法测定糖含量的方法作了改进，使测定糖含量的标准曲线线性和准确性得到改善     

芽孢乳酸菌产乳酸条件的研究

同型乳酸发酵菌株ＴＱ３３的主要产物为Ｌ－乳酸,论文对其适用的发酵培养基和最佳的发酵条件进行了讨论,认为ＴＱ３３在培养基配方为葡萄糖１０ｇ、酵母膏１．５ｇ;蛋白胨０．５ｇ;ＭｇＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ：０．０５ｇ;碳酸钙６ｇ（ｐＨ７．２－７．４）时,４０℃下振荡（１５０ｒ／ｍｉｎ．）培养２４ｈ后转入静置发酵阶段,发酵７２ｈ产酸量达到最高为６７．８ｇ／Ｌ,其中Ｌ－乳酸占９６％以上。     

棒曲霉UA—2木聚糖酶的蔗渣固态发酵

棒曲霉（Ａｓｐｅｒｇｉｌｕｓｃｌａｖａｔｕｓ）ＵＡ－２固态发酵蔗渣产木聚酶的培养基为每克蔗渣加营养液５ｍｌ，初始ｐＨ８．５．营养液的适宜组成为每升含：ＮＨ４ＮＯ３１０ｇ、Ｋ２ＨＰＯ４６ｇ、ＭｇＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ０．７５ｇ、ＣａＣｌ２０．７５ｇ、ＦｅＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ１１．２５ｍｇ、ＭｎＳＯ４·Ｈ２Ｏ３．７５ｍｇ、ＺｎＳＯ４３．０ｍｇ、ＣｏＣｌ２４．５ｍｇ．在上述培养基中接入其湿重１０％（Ｗ／Ｗ）的新鲜的ＵＡ－２种子曲，２８℃培养１０８ｈ，其木聚糖酶，滤纸降解酶和羧甲基纤维素酶的活力分别为２６９５．６、２８．５和４２．７ｕ／ｇ蔗渣．酶反应的最适ｐＨ５．０，最适温度５０℃；在ｐＨ４．０～１１．０内酶活性十分稳定．５０℃保温１ｈ，酶活剩余５５％，８℃下放置２３ｄ，活力几乎不变．磷酸盐，半胱氨酸对酶有激活作用，ＥＤＴＡ和对氯汞本甲酸对酶有抑制作用     

甘蓝型油菜萝卜质不育系恢复材料Ad-6(F4)测交二代恢复株TCF2的快繁及生根

油菜萝卜胞质不育系恢复材料Ａｄ－６（Ｆ４）测交二代恢复株ＴＣＦ２,在ＭＳ附加５ｍ ｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ＋ ０．５ｍ ｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ,３ｍ ｇ／Ｌ ６－ＢＡ＋ ０．２ｍ ｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ,３ｍ ｇ／Ｌ ６－ＢＡ＋ ０．３ｍ ｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ＋６００ｍ ｇ／Ｌ水解乳蛋白以及５ｍ ｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ＋ ０．３ｍ ｇ／ＬＮＡＡ＋ ５ｍ ｇ／ＬＡｇＮＯ３ 的不同培养基上诱导丛生芽,结果表明５ｍ ｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ＋ ０．３ｍ ｇ／ＬＮＡＡ＋ ５ｍ ｇ／ＬＡｇＮＯ３ 对ＴＣＦ２ 诱导丛生芽有较好的效果．小芽生根培养基为１／２ＭＳ效果最好．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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