谱减在基于动载的路面不平度识别中的应用

分析了路面激励和发动机振动引起的汽车垂直动载的特点,提出了采用谱减法去除用于路面不平度识别的垂直动载中周期性噪声的方法.谱减之前对染噪信号和噪声模板都作静态小波滤波,可有效消除随机噪声谱引起的"音乐噪声".对发动机怠速时和在光滑水泥路面测得的信号比较后采用了后者作为噪声模板,并使用基本谱减方法对信号进行了滤波.试验数据处理发现谱分辨率取2Hz时谱估计方差较小,相应"音乐噪声"也较少.仿真表明,在数据点数为1024个时,使用谱减去噪使信噪比由7.2 dB提高到31.5 dB.     

基于动载的路面不平度识别的小波特征提取

提出了基于车轮垂直动载的路面不平度识别的小波特征提取方案.对垂直动载采用bior 1.5小波,做4层小波分解,求4层细节系数和第4层近似系数幅值的均值和方差作为特征参数.使用Fisher判据和自组织映射(SOM)神经网络对小波参数、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)分段系数参数、全部数值的均值和方差、全变差、过零率、共振峰幅值参数以及实倒谱系数参数的分类能力进行了判定和比较.试验结果表明在路面不平度识别方面小波参数组合优于其他参数组合.     

基于路面不平度的路面附加动载分析

为了能够分析出与实际车辆动荷载更接近的动载,基于路面不平度分析了较低等级路面B、C、D的附加动载.分析结果表明:车辆行驶速度、路面等级不同,车辆对路面产生的附加动荷载的作用点的位置也不相同;路面附加动载随着路面等级降低逐渐增大;在相同的路面条件下,附加动荷载大小并不是随着车速的增大而增大的,而是在某一车速下达到最大值.     

基于动态最短路径识别水泥路面裂缝的方法

针对水泥路面图像裂缝识别过程中刻槽带来的干扰问题,利用频域滤波消除水泥路面刻槽,并使用动态最短路径提取路面裂缝识别结果.首先用频域滤波消除水泥路面刻槽,并将频域滤波后图像划分为不重叠的16*16小方块,再运用动态最短路径判断方块中是否含有裂缝,经过后续二值化、裂缝拼接等处理,最后得到裂缝图像.实验结果表明,该方法可以很好地去除刻槽的影响,具有良好的识别效果.     

考虑孔隙水压力不利影响的沥青路面结构组合分析

为研究水对不同路面结构的影响程度,基于多孔介质理论,选取16种典型高速公路沥青路面结构组合方案,建立动载作用下饱水沥青路面有限元模型,对路面结构内部层间最大孔隙水压力进行分析,并以孔隙水压力不利影响最小化建议适用于不同地区沥青路面结构的组合方案.结果表明,方案八(OGFC-13+AC-20+ATPB-25+水泥稳定碎石+级配碎石)的路面结构孔隙水压力最小;设置ATPB路面结构层能够有效减小孔隙水压力;贫混凝土作为基层的孔隙水压力较水泥稳定碎石的小.据此建议:在我国南方多雨地区,采用方案八的结构组合方案;在我国少雨地区,采用AC型沥青混合料为表面层和二灰土为基层;在我国降雨集中、重交通且经济较发达地区,采用SMA为表面层和贫混凝土为基层;重点考虑沥青路面水损坏时,需综合不同的路面结构方案确定底基层类型.     

卡车动载实测与分析

通过在卡车各轴上安装了变形传感器,标定后得到变形传感器和轮胎接地压力之间的转化关系,进行了卡车动载实测,分析了路面平整度、车速及载重对卡车动载的影响.结果表明,当路面行驶质量指数为优、中、差时,平均动载系数分别为5%、15%和20%左右,最大动载系数可达25%;最大动载相对于静载平均增加20%、55%和80%左右,最大动载变化率可达90%以上.动载系数、最大动载及其变化率均随车速的增加而增加,当行驶质量指数较差时,增加幅度更为明显.研究成果为在路面结构分析和设计中考虑动载影响提供了基础数据.     

基于Elman神经网络的路面附着系数识别

准确、高效地识别路面附着系数为汽车主动安全系统提供了重要输入参数。笔者提出了基于Elman神经网络识别路面附着系数方法,采用Carsim/Simulink联合仿真,获取了某车辆的63个行驶工况,共20个重要动力学响应。构建了Elman神经网络的路面附着系数识别模型,对附着系数为0.2～0.9的路面进行了识别,识别平均绝对百分比误差为4.92%,准确率为91.22%。相对于传统的BP神经网络方法,该方法使路面附着系数的识别平均绝对百分比误差降低了2.24%,准确率提升了9.82%,并且在潮湿沥青路面以及干燥沥青路面进行了实车实验,验证了该方法的有效性、可行性。     

道路信号的计算机模拟

论述了时域AR模型仿真路面随机信号的过程和方法,在此基础上采用FFT算法做功率谱估计,仿真程序的运行结果与"GB7031-86车辆振动输入路面平度表示方法"的功率谱规约相吻合,获得的模拟数据序列在相关的实验设备投入使用的效果良好.     

基于逆虚拟激励法的整车平顺性

建立了8自由度整车的系统模型和数学模型,使用逆虚拟激励法在路面激励谱密度未知和车轮的垂直振动响应谱密度已知的情况下,计算出了整车车辆的车身垂直加速度功率谱密度、悬架动挠度和车轮相对动载.并用MATLAB语言编制了仿真程序,对确定路面上和未知路面上的平顺性分析结果进行了比较,结果表明在未知路面上采用逆虚拟激励法研究车辆的平顺性是可行的.该方法简单易懂,避免了构建路面激励的难题,在汽车振动领域值得推广.     

基于路面垂直轮廓建模的一般路面逆透视变换

摘要：
提出了一种由单帧立体图像实现一般路面图像逆透视变换的方法.针对双目视觉得到的路面垂直轮廓进行B样条建模，利用建模得到的路面高度代入路面图像成像过程中，从而实现一般路面的逆透视变换.实验表明，通过该方法能有效地实现上下坡等一般路面图像的逆透视变换. 关键词：
逆透视变换; 鸟瞰图; 道路建模; 双目视觉 中图分类号： TP 391.4; TB 133
文献标志码： A     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~     

Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has