不同形貌纳米Al2O3负载的钴基催化剂费-托合成催化性能研究

通过水热法合成了不同形貌（纤维、棒、片）Al2O3纳米材料,用满孔浸渍法负载钴基催化剂（Co/Al2O3）,采用透射电子显微镜（TEM）、氮气物理吸附（N2-physisorption）、X-射线衍射（XRD）、氢气程序升温还原（H2-TPR）等方法对催化剂表征,并在固定床反应器上测试其费-托合成催化性能.结果表明：载体Al2O3形貌影响Co3O4晶粒大小、催化剂还原性能和催化活性,Al2O3纳米纤维负载的催化剂上Co3O4晶粒最小,催化剂表面的钴金属活性位数量最多,费-托合成催化活性最高.     

负载型金属氧化物催化酯交换合成碳酸二甲酯

制备了多种以γ - Al2O3为载体的负载金属氧化物催化剂,考察其在由碳酸乙烯酯(EC)与甲醇(ME)酯交换法合成碳酸二甲酯(DMC)中的催化活性,其中以K2 O/γ - Al2 O3催化活性较好.同时考察了负载量、催化剂用量、甲醇与碳酸乙烯酯摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间等因素对反应的影响,最终确定最佳反应条件:催化剂为K2O/γ - Al2O3,甲醇与碳酸乙烯酯摩尔比为5,m(催化剂)∶m(甲醇)为1∶200,反应温度为65℃,反应时间为3h,在此条件下,碳酸二甲酯收率最佳为52.0％.     

担载Ni催化剂中Ni担载量及金属助剂对CH4与CO2重整反应活性的影响

考察了金属Ni担载量对Ni/Al2O3、Ni/MgO/Al2O3催化剂用于甲烷与二氧化碳重整反应活性的影响,结果表明Ni担载量对反应活性的影响受反应温度的制约.在低担载量时,催化活性随Ni担载量的增加而增加,到3%时CH4及CO2转化率分别达到100%和88%;但对高担载量催化剂如20%Ni/MgO/Al2O3,高温时（＞1073K）因Ni的聚集等使反应器堵塞,导致活性骤降.与Ni/Al2O3相比,Ni/MgO/Al2O3具有更好的稳定性.助剂对催化活性及稳定性也有一定影响.各助剂对CH4转化的影响次序为La＞Mn＞Co＞Fe.助剂的加入有助于Ni催化剂稳定性的提高.     

纳米粒子MgAl_2O_4尖晶石的合成及负载型La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)CoO_3/MgAl_2O_4催化剂的性能研究

采用溶胶—凝胶技术 ,聚乙烯醇 ( PVA)为络合剂 ,合成出尖晶石型大比表面纳米粒子Mg Al2 O4 ,用硝酸盐浸渍分解法制备出负载型 La0 .8Sr0 .2 Co O3/ Mg Al2 O4 催化剂 ,以 XRD、BET、TPR、二甲苯完全氧化等手段 ,研究了合成条件对形成的 Mg Al2 O4 性质的影响及催化剂的性能 ,并与负载型 L a0 .8Sr0 .2 Co O3/堇青石、La0 .8Sr0 .2 Co O3/ γ-Al2 O3催化剂进行了对比 .结果表明 ,活性组分在 Mg Al2 O4 载体上是高度分散的 ,负载型 La0 .8Sr0 .2 Co O3/ Mg Al2 O4 催化剂具有优良的催化活性和抗高温烧结能力     

Fe_2O_3/Al_2O_3催化剂制备条件对其催化降解含聚丙烯酰胺废水活性的影响

以Fe2O3为活性组分,γ-Al2O3为载体,采用浸渍法制备了Fe2O3/Al2O3催化剂,并将其用于催化降解模拟聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)废水.考察了催化剂制备条件对催化活性的影响,得出最佳制备工艺条件为:以Fe(NO3)3水溶液为浸渍液、活性组分负载量20%、焙烧时间3 h、焙烧温度500℃.在温度为60℃、pH=7.0、催化剂加入量为2 g/L,H2O2的质量浓度为0.6 g/L的条件下对质量浓度为400 mg/L聚丙烯酰胺废水进行降解,反应90 min后废水中聚丙烯酰胺相对分子质量降解率最高可达90%以上,CODCr去除率达86%,显示出了较高的催化活性.Fe2O3/Al2O3催化剂经过多次重复使用,催化活性基本没有降低,使用寿命长.     

硝酸铁和硝酸铝在已酸异戊酯制备中催化作用探讨

以己酸异戊酯的制备为例,探讨催化剂Fe(NO3)3,9H2O和Al(NO3)3.9H2O对酯化反 应的催化活性,较系统地研究了催化剂的用量,醇酸比,反应时间和溶剂类型对酯收率的影响,结果表明：Fe(NO2)3.9H2O具有良好的催化活性,反应时间短,并有很高的酯收率,而Al(NO3)3.9H2O对该反应的催化活性则稍低。     

担载Ni催化剂中Ni担载量及金属助剂对CH4与CO2重整反应活性的影响

考察了金属Ni担载量对Ni/Al2 O3、Ni/MgO/Al2 O3催化剂用于甲烷与二氧化碳重整反应活性的影响 ,结果表明 :Ni担载量对反应活性的影响受反应温度的制约 .在低担载量时 ,催化活性随Ni担载量的增加而增加 ,到 3%时CH4及CO2 转化率分别达到 10 0 %和88% ;但对高担载量催化剂如 2 0 %Ni/MgO/Al2 O3,高温时 (>10 73K)因Ni的聚集等使反应器堵塞 ,导致活性骤降 .与Ni/Al2 O3相比 ,Ni/MgO/Al2 O3具有更好的稳定性 .助剂对催化活性及稳定性也有一定影响 .各助剂对CH4转化的影响次序为 :La >Mn >Co >Fe .助剂的加入有助于Ni催化剂稳定性的提高 .     

掺铈负载型氧化铜催化剂催化氧化甲苯研究

以60～80目的γ-A12O3为载体,CuO为活性组分,添加稀土元素Ce,用浸渍法制备了负载型催化剂,通过催化氧化甲苯评价了该催化剂的活性.相对于CuO/Al2O3催化剂,添加Ce后的CuOCeO2/Al2O3催化剂对甲苯催化氧化的起燃温度和完全转化温度均有明显的降低,当Cu的负载量为5%,Cu/Ce的比值为1∶1,反应温度大于200 ℃时对甲苯的去除率可保持在90%以上.CuOCeO2/Al2O3催化剂具有较强的抗冲击能力,能够在较大范围的空速和进气质量浓度下,保持良好的催化活性.当空速在6 000～12 000 h-1的范围内,对甲苯的去除率始终保持在98.8%以上;当进气质量浓度在880～6 400 mg/m3的范围内,对甲苯的去除率均在99.5%以上.     

有氧条件下Au/CeO2/Al2O3催化还原NO的研究

NO是形成光化学烟雾、生成酸雨和破坏大气臭氧层的前驱气体之一,消除NO已成为近几年国内外催化界的研究热点.Cu-ZSM-5是国内外研究最成熟的催化剂,但实用性差.本研究以HAuCl4为前驱体,沉积-沉淀法制备Au/CeO2/Al2O3催化剂,用X-射线衍射(XRD )进行表征,考察了加入CeO2对Au/CeO2/Al2O3催化活性的影响.结果表明Al2O3、CeO2/A l2O3表面的Au晶粒小, 分散度高.Au/Al2O3的deNOx活性较低,而含金复合催化剂Au/CeO2/Al2O3的活性高于Au/Al2O3及Cu-ZSM-5.     

BaO、ZrO2对Al2O3热稳定性及其负载型催化剂反应活性的影响

用初湿浸渍法分别制备了BaO—Al2O3、ZrO2-Al2O3复合载体及MnO2／BaO—Al2O3、MnOx／ZrO2-Al2O3系列催化剂，考察了BaO、ZrO2对Al2O2热稳定性的影响及催化剂对甲烷燃烧的活性．结果表明：加入BaO、ZrO2提高了Al2O3的热稳定性，MnOx／BaO—Al2O3、MnO2／ZrO2-Al2O3对甲烷燃烧的催化活性明显高于MnOx／Al2O3．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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