Seasonal variations of carboxylic acids and their contributions to the rainwater acidity: A case study of Guiyang and Shangzhong,China

Low molecule weight carboxylic acids are ubiquitous and important chemical constituents in the troposphere.Seven carboxylic acids in the rainwater of Guiyang and Shangzhong were simultaneously determined by ion chromatography from April 2006 to April 2007.Formic, acetic and oxalic acids were found to be the predominant carboxylic acids.Their volume weighted average concentration (VWA) in the rainwater of Guiyang were 14.24 μmol/L, 9.35 μmol/L and 2.79 μmol/L, respectively;as compared to 4.95 μmol/L, 1.35 μm...     

丹参酮ⅡA对UVA诱导的HaCaT细胞凋亡的影响

以人自发性永生化角质形成细胞系(HaCaT)细胞为材料, 通过CCK8和蛋白印迹法分别测定不同剂量长波紫外线(ultraviolet A, UVA)、不同浓度丹参酮ⅡA(tanshinone ⅡA,TSⅡA), 以及UVA和TSⅡA共同作用下的细胞活力和促分裂素原活化蛋白激酶(mitogenactivatedprotein kinase, MAPK)信号通路蛋白(p38, JNK和Erk)磷酸化水平. 结果表明:在10 J/cm2的UVA照射下, 细胞活力为对照组的70%左右, 在20 J/cm²的UVA照射下, 细胞活力仅为对照组的55%左右; 低浓度的TSⅡA在正常情况下对细胞活力无影响, 高浓度(85 μmol/L) TSⅡA处理组的细胞活力约为对照组的70%左右. 与TSⅡA或UVA单独处理相比, 二者共同作用下细胞活力大大降低且差异极其显著. UVA照射提高了MAPK信号通路中的p38和JNK磷酸化水平, 但是对Erk磷酸化水平没有影响; 而TSⅡA可以显著提高低辐射剂量(2 J/cm²)UVA诱导下的p38和JNK的磷酸化水平. 这说明UVA促进HaCaT细胞凋亡是通过提高p38和JNK磷酸化水平来实现的; 而TSⅡA可以提高p38和JNK磷酸化水平,进一步加速UVA诱导的HaCaT细胞凋亡.     

从攀钢高炉渣中提取分离TiO_2制备高钛渣研究

研究利用TjO_2对酸碱的稳定性,采用低温下酸解、熔融状态下碱熔的方法除去高炉渣中除TiO_2以外的所有可溶性杂质,从而制备出高钛渣。其具体方法是:将粒度为80目～200目的高炉渣用5mol/L～7mol/L的盐酸在60℃～100℃的条件下反应4h～8h,除去钙、镁、铝、铁等元素的酸溶性杂质,酸分解后的产物经过滤、酸洗后,滤渣与1:1.6～1:1.8的NaOH在600℃～800℃共熔1小时左右后用pH=11～13的NaOH溶液洗涤,使SiO_2以NaSiO_3的方式除去,从而得到二氧化钛质量百分比为70%左右的高钛渣。     

人超氧化物歧化酶-过氧化氢酶融合基因的构建、表达及其产物的初步纯化和性质研究

尝试应用基因工程技术制备一种兼具人超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的双功能融合蛋白CAT-PTD-SOD,其中的PTD是序列为RKKRRQRRR的短肽.首先通过重叠PCR构筑CAT-PTD-SOD融合基因,然后把该基因转化进入大肠杆菌表达菌株Rosetta 2(DE3)菌株.通过SDS-PAGE、CAT和SOD活性分析以及分离纯化组分的分析确认该重组菌株能够表达CAT-PTD-SOD,其表达量可达总蛋白的8.9%,SDS-PAGE显示其分子量约为85 kD.可溶性实验发现该融合蛋白大部分以兼具SOD和CAT活性的可溶形式存在.抗H2O2能力实验表明CAT-PTD-SOD具有很好的抗H2O2能力,在0.033 mol.L-1、甚至0.067 mol.L-1的H2O2溶液中,其SOD活性20 min内无明显下降.     

Xanomeline新型衍生物SBG"PK-014促进APPsw的cr剪切简

研究了xanomeline新型衍生物SBG-PK-014对毒蕈碱型M1乙酰胆碱受体的激活能力以及对APP基因瑞典型突变体(APPsw)的α-剪切的作用.利用M1激动剂筛选细胞模型检测了SBG-PK-014的EC₅₀和最大响应倍数(FA_max),并在小鼠神经母细胞瘤N2a细胞中同时过表达APPsw和M1受体,分析了该化合物和xanomeline对sAPPα分泌的影响.结果显示,SBG-PK-014的EC₅₀(40.2 nmol/L)与xanomeline (28.4 nmol/L)接近,但FA_max是xanomeline的3.5倍.SBG-PK-014通过激活M1受体促进APPsw的α-剪切,且在0.1 μmol/L和1 μmol/L的浓度下,其效果显著强于同剂量的xanomeline.可见,SBG-PK-014比xanomeline更能有效地激活M1受体,还能促进APPsw的α-剪切和神经保护性sAPPα的生成,在调节阿尔茨海默病的Aβ病理途径上可能有一定潜力,值得进一步研究.     

Effect of Nano red elemental selenium on GPx activity of broiler chick kidney cells<Emphasis Type="Italic">in vitro</Emphasis>

A new selenium source, Nano red elemental selenium (Nano-Se) was used to study the effect on the GPx activity of broiler chick kidney cells (BCKC)in vitro, Sodium selenite (Na₂SeO₃) and seleno-1-methionine (Se-Met) were used as the controls. The results showed that the effects of three kinds of Se forms on the GPx activity of BCKC were accordant (p>0.05) compared with each other at 0.01. 0.05 and 0.10 μmol/L Se concentrations treatments. In the range of 0.00–0.10 μmol/L Se concentrations, the GPx activity increased with elevation of Se concentrations in medium. For the three kinds of Se forms, the GPx activity reached the climax at 0.10 μmol/L Se concentration. At 0.20 and 0.30 μmol/L Se concentrations, the influnces of three kinds of Se forms were not accordant with one another. For Nano-Se, the GPx activity at 0.20 and 0.30 μmoi/L Se concentrations remained the same as that at 0.10 μmol/L Se concentration treatment. For Se-Met, the GPx activity at 0.20 μmol/L Se concentration treatment remained the same with 0.10 μmol/L treatment; the GPx activity at 0.30 μmol/L Se concentration treatment was declined significantly (p<0.05) compared with 0.10 or 0.20 μmol/L treatment. For Na₂SeO₃, the GPx activity falled gradually with Se concentration increasing from 0.10 μmol/L to 0.30 μmol/L, and at 0.30 μmol/L Se concentration treatment, the GPx activity was less than the original of BCKC. The results implicated, on the GPx activity of BCKCin vitro, the ranking of width range of the most suitable Se concentration for nutrition curve of the three Se formes is Nano-Se>Se-Met>Na₂SeO₃. Foundation item: Supported by the Key Item of the Science and Technology Bureau of Zhejiang Province (021122680) Biography: Xu Bao-hua (1966-), male, Associate professor, Ph. D. research direction: nanobiology and animal nutrition.     

爱玉ISSR反应体系的建立与优化

通过单因子试验和正交设计,对影响爱玉ISSR-PCR扩增效果的因素,如模板DNA用量、Taq酶用量、dNTPs浓度、引物浓度、延伸时间和循环次数等指标进行优化.实验确立了可用于爱玉ISSR-PCR分析最适宜的反应体系：20 μL反应体积中含1 ng模板DNA、1.0 U Taq酶、0.4 μmol/L引物和0.18 mmol/L dNTPs;PCR扩增程序为94 ℃预变性4 min;94 ℃变性45 s,53 ℃退火45 s,72 ℃延伸2.5 min,共35个循环;72 ℃延伸7min,4 ℃保存.应用该体系对14份爱玉种质进行扩增,证实了该体系的适用性和稳定性.     

过氧化氢诱导前列腺癌PC3细胞HSP60表达和Akt蛋白磷酸化的研究

以不同浓度H_2O_2刺激PC3细胞24h,应用MTT法分析细胞活力变化,并采用蛋白印迹方法检测HSP60蛋白、Akt蛋白(总Akt蛋白)和磷酸化Akt蛋白的表达水平.结果表明,15.625μmol/L的H2O2可诱导PC3细胞内HSP60表达显著升高(p0.05),7.312μmol/L和15.625μmol/L的H_2O_2均会导致磷酸化Akt蛋白的量显著下降(p0.01),但该两种浓度的刺激对细胞内总Akt蛋白量并无显著影响(p0.05).     

具有GPx和SOD双酶活性含硒76肽的制备及其穿膜效应

根据模块酶原理设计一种嵌有穿膜结构域序列并具有谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)双酶活性的含硒76肽(Se-CuZn-76P),利用半胱氨酸缺陷表达法在单一蛋白生产(SPP)系统表达该肽,并鉴定其穿膜效应.实验结果表明:该方法可成功表达纯度较高的Se-CuZn-76P,并且每毫克蛋白表现出109μmol/min的GPx活力和1 218μmol/min的SOD活力;在Se-CuZn-76P存在的环境中培养肝L02细胞一段时间后,细胞内的GPx和SOD活力分别升高1.65和4.12倍,且Se-CuZn-76P可顺利进入L02细胞.     

Inhibition of the EGF receptor by binding of MIG6 to an activating kinase domain interface

Members of the epidermal growth factor receptor family (EGFR/ERBB1, ERBB2/HER2, ERBB3/HER3 and ERBB4/HER4) are key targets for inhibition in cancer therapy. Critical for activation is the formation of an asymmetric dimer by the intracellular kinase domains, in which the carboxy-terminal lobe (C lobe) of one kinase domain induces an active conformation in the other. The cytoplasmic protein MIG6 (mitogen-induced gene 6; also known as ERRFI1) interacts with and inhibits the kinase domains of EGFR and ERBB2 (refs 3-5). Crystal structures of complexes between the EGFR kinase domain and a fragment of MIG6 show that a approximately 25-residue epitope (segment 1) from MIG6 binds to the distal surface of the C lobe of the kinase domain. Biochemical and cell-based analyses confirm that this interaction contributes to EGFR inhibition by blocking the formation of the activating dimer interface. A longer MIG6 peptide that is extended C terminal to segment 1 has increased potency as an inhibitor of the activated EGFR kinase domain, while retaining a critical dependence on segment 1. We show that signalling by EGFR molecules that contain constitutively active kinase domains still requires formation of the asymmetric dimer, underscoring the importance of dimer interface blockage in MIG6-mediated inhibition.     

Prokaryotic expression and characterization of a pea actin isoform （PEAcl） fused to GFP

Actins widely exist in eukaryotic cells and play important roles in many living activities. As there are many kinds of actin isoforms in plant cells,it is difficult to purifyeach actin isoform in sufficient quantities for analysing itsphysicochemical properties. In the present study, apea(pisum Sativum L.)actin isoform (PEAc1)fused to His-tag at its amino terminus and GFP(green fluorescent protein)atits Carboxyl terminus were expressed in E. coli in inclusionbodies. The fusion protein (PEAc1-GFP)was highly purifiedwith the yield of above 2 mg/L culture by dissolving inclu-sions in 8 mol/L urea,renaturing by dialysis in a gradient of urea,and affinity binding to Ni-resin. The purified mono-meric PEAc1-GFP could efficiently bind on DNase I andinhibit the latter抯 enzyme activity. PEAc1-GFP could po-lymerise into green fluorescent filamentous structures(F-PEAc1-GFP),which could be labelled byTRITC-phalloidin,a specific agent for observing microfila-ments. The PEAc1-GFP polymerlzation curve was identicalwith that of chicken skeletal muscle actin. The critical con-centration for PEAc1-Gfp to polymerise into filaments is 0.24 μmol/L.The F-PEAc1-GFP could stimulate myosinMg-ATPase activity in a protein concentration dependantmanner (about 4 folds at 1 mg/mL F-PEAc1-GFP). The re-sults above show that the PEAc1 fused to GFP retained theassembly characteristic of actin, indicating that gene fusion,prokaryotic expression, denaturation and renaturation,andaffinity chromatography is a useful strategy for obtainingplant actin isoform proteins in a large amount.     

HPLC法测定黑荞麦中黄酮苷的含量

目的:建立黑荞麦中黄酮苷含量测定方法.方法:微波萃取高效液相色谱法,色谱柱:Shmadzu Shim-pack-vp-ODS(150mm×4.6mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇(0.02mol/L)-磷酸二氢钾(用磷酸调节PH=3.0)(80:20),流速:1.0 m L/min;进样量:10μL.结果:线性范围为40-280mg/L,加标回收率为99.5%-100.2%,精密度为RSD=0.76%(n=6).结论:该方法不仅节省时间,重现性好,而且精密度高,为黑荞麦中黄酮苷的开发利用和含量的测定分析提供参考依据.     

Chemiluminescence determination of tetracycline and oxytetracycline in pharmaceutical preparations using Ru (bipy)3 2+-cerium (IV) system

A new chemiluminescence (CL) method for the determination of tetracycline and oxytetracycline is developed, based on the CL reaction of tetracycline and oxytetracycline with Ru (bipy)₃ ²⁺ and Ce (IV). In sulfuric acid medium, the CL emission is generated upon continuous oxidtion of Ru(bipy)₃ ²⁺ by cerium (IV). The emission intensity is greatly enhanced when tetracycline and oxytetracycline are introduced into the reaction system after acid degradation. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration curves are linear over the range of 8.0×10⁻⁸∼4.0×10⁻⁶ mol/L for tetracycline and of 2.0×10⁻⁷∼4.0×10⁻⁵ mol/L for oxytetracycline, with the detection limits are 4.2×10⁻⁸ mol/L for tetracycline and 1.5×10⁻⁷ mol/L for oxytetracycline, respectively. The proposed method was used for the determination of tetracycline and oxytetracycline in pharmaceutical formulations with good results. Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province. Biography: HAH He-you (1962), male, Associate profeddor, Ph.D graduate candidate. Present address, Department of Chemistry, Huainan Teacher's College, Huainan.     

罗丹明6G与罗丹明6G酰肼测汞的对比研究

以罗丹明6G(R6G)为原料合成了罗丹明6G酰肼(R6GH),并通过荧光法考察了R6G和R6GH酰肼选择性识别金属离子、适合的缓冲溶液体系、最佳缓冲溶液pH及浓度、R6G和R6GH的浓度、Hg~(2+)的浓度以及阳离子的干扰等七个因素的影响。实验确定了R6G测定Hg~(2+)的最佳条件为:0.01mol/L醋酸缓冲体系(pH=4.60),R6GH测定Hg~(2+)的最佳条件为:0.005 mol/L醋酸缓冲体系(pH=4.60)。通过14种阳离子的干扰实验发现,阳离子对R6G测定Hg~(2+)的影响大于对R6GH测定Hg~(2+)的影响。实验结果表明:R6GH比R6G能更好的识别Hg~(2+),最低检出限为5.0×10~(-12) mol/L。     

N-terminal of L protein of vesicular stomatitis virus contains a new signal sequence

The L protein (241kD) of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is the most important snbnnit of the replication complex. The existence of specific localization signal in the L protein was investigated by making recombinant constructs expressing truncated mutants of the L protein fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP) in transient transfection assays. The chimeric genes encoding varied N-terminal of L and GFP gene were put under the control of T7 promoter or CMV promoter. The fusion proteins were transiently expressed in BHK-21, COS-7, CHO or Hep G2 cells. When more than 120 residues were deleted or only 96 residues were kept on the N-terminal, the fusion proteins were shown to be distributed throughout the cells, cytoplasm and nucleus under the confocal microscope. However, other chimeric proteins with 120 or more amino acids were dotted and distributed in the perinuclear regions. And the fusion protein with 96—120 aa has the similar distribution. A thirteen-residue peptide QGYSFLHEVDKEA (108—120) was identified as localization signal, whose function would be absolutely distributed with the deficiency of D or V. Our results show that there is an independent localizing signal in N-terminal domain of L protein of VSV and this functional signal is conserved in different cell lines.     

成熟中国对虾(Penaeus chinensis)卵巢中卵黄蛋白的纯化

用层析(SephadexG-150, DEAE-Cellulose-52)和电泳洗脱2种方法分别从成熟中国对虾卵巢中纯化得到了一种卵黄蛋白,聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)检测表明,卵黄蛋白出现在SephadexG-150的第1个洗脱峰和DEAE-Cellulose-52的0.4 mol/L和0.5 mol/L NaCl洗脱峰处.比较了这2种方法的优缺点:层析法可用于蛋白的大量制备,电泳洗脱能够得到高纯度的蛋白.并对与其结合的类胡萝卜素的稳定性进行了讨论.     

Overinhibition of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Inducing Tau Hyperphosphorylation

To reveal the relationship between mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and tau phosphorylation, we used different concentration of PD98059, an inhibitor of MEK (MAPK kinase), to treat mice neuroblastma (N2a) cell line for 6 h. It showed that the activity of MAPK decreased in a dose-dependent manner. But Western blot and immunofluorescence revealed that just when the cells were treated with 16μmol/L PD98059, tau was hyperphosphorylated at Ser396/404 and Ser199/202 sites. We obtained the conclusion that overinhibited MAPK induced tau hyperphosphorylation at Ser396/404 and Ser199/202 sites.     

重组Hepcidin融合蛋白的金属螯合亲和层析纯化

在大肠杆菌中表达的重组Hepcidin融合蛋白以包涵体形式存在,其N端带有6个组氨酸。以Ni²⁺-IDA-Sepharose Fast Flow为层析介质,在变性条件下以不同的咪唑和pH值洗脱方式对Hepcidin融合蛋白的纯化效果进行了比较,确定了该融合蛋白的金属螯合层析纯化条件。以60mmol/L咪唑洗脱杂蛋白,然后将pH值降至4.0洗脱融合蛋白,纯化后的融合蛋白纯度大于95%,而且不含咪唑,有利于下一步Hepcidin的制备。金属螯合层析中融合蛋白收率不低于90%。Ni²⁺-IDA-Sepharose Fast Flow对该融合蛋白的吸附量为30.4mg /mL。     

毛细管电泳-电化学发光联用测定琥乙红霉素

 基于琥乙红霉素对联吡啶钌（Ru(bpy)₃^2+）电化学发光的增强作用,结合高效毛细管电泳分离技术,建立了一种毛细管电泳-电化学发光联用检测琥乙红霉素的新方法。分别对分离和检测条件进行了优化。优化条件下,琥乙红霉素的线性范围为0.7~10.0 μmol/L,检测限为0.23 μmol/L,峰高相对标准偏差RSD为4.1%。采用堆积放大进样技术可进一步提高检测灵敏度。本方法用于生物体液中琥乙红霉素的测定,回收率为81.3%~93.0%。     

层层组装纳米金/天冬氨酸传感器对尿酸的电化学性质研究

采用层层组装法制备了金和天冬氨酸复合膜传感器.用循环伏安法(CV)和脉冲伏安法(DPV)等研究了尿酸在该传感器上的电化学行为.结果表明,在PBS 7.0作为支持电解质的条件下,尿酸在该组装传感器上的氧化峰的峰电流是裸电极传感器上的6.5倍.优化条件下,用DPV对尿酸进行了测定,在尿酸浓度为4.0×10-7~1.0×10-4 mol/L范围内浓度与尿酸的氧化峰电流具有良好的线性关系,线性方程为:I(μA)=0.010-0.022 C(μmol/L),相关系数为0.998.检出限(RSN=3)为1.0×10-7 mol/L.该方法用于实际尿样的测定,回收率为99.4%~104.1%.