基于畸变分离的摄像机标定方法

在摄像机标定过程中,为了避免对摄像机模型中的畸变系数进行多次重复标定,提出一种将二阶径向畸变系数与摄像机模型分离的标定方法.该方法利用畸变形成的围线面积作为畸变评测函数,用模拟退火原理改进粒子群算法的惯性权重和学习因子;然后用改进的粒子群算法标定摄像机的畸变系数和图像中心点坐标,最后计算其他的摄像机参数.该方法无需预先知道摄像机的任何内外参数,算法简单,易于实现.实验表明,该方法与传统的非线性优化方法相比,图像坐标的平均反投影误差明显减小,而且具有更好的鲁棒性和精度.     

一种无人机非标定视觉自定位新算法

针对高动态环境下如何利用视觉导航快速解决GPS失效故障的问题,基于射影几何的基本性质,在预知失效时刻无人机坐标的情况下,提出了一种无人机非标定视觉自定位的新算法。首先对目标进行定位,假定摄像机内参数在拍摄过程中不发生变化,重点分析视觉系统在对目标一次识别的情况下快速定位,并在此基础上对无人机进行反定位。仿真验证表明:该算法能有效进行自定位,新位置的自定位坐标与实际坐标差异小,最大差值为0.01m,该算法无需知道摄像机的参数,避开了由于摄像机标定不准确带来的定位误差问题,提供了一种简单、实时、精度高的自定位新思路。     

基于BP神经网络自学习的双目视觉系统的研发

在摄像机标定的过程中,深度信息的丢失,摄像机镜头的畸变以及图像处理时误差等因素都影响标定的精度．本论文采用BP神经网络的自学习的性能,开发出一套双目视觉系统．以匹配点在左、右图像的坐标为网络的四路输入,通过网络得到三路输出,性能指标为该对应点在世界坐标系的坐标和网络输出的差值的平方和,根据梯度下降法来调整各神经元之间的连接权值,求得网络达到给定的误差时的各节点问权值．这样,双目视觉系统两个摄像机的投影矩阵可以用神经网络的权值与激发函数来代替,完成系统的标定．最后对系统进行精度分析．     

提高控制精度的并联机构速度规划算法

利用并联机构的动力学模型，对机构在笛卡儿坐标中基于驱动器空间限制的速度规划算法进行了研究，提出了基于驱动器空间限制的S形速度规划算法．该算法不仅考虑了运动中的速度和加速度，还考虑了加速度的变化即加加速度，从而得到更为精确的速度规划．仿真实验表明，S形速度规划算法在笛卡儿坐标中能够获得具有更好的位置和速度跟踪性能的高速高精度运动．     

基于仿射变换和透视投影的摄像机镜头畸变校正方法

依照摄像机成像过程,提出了一种方便快捷的摄像机镜头畸变精确校正方法。基于逆向摄像机镜头校正模型、仿射变换和透视变换,推导了从标准靶标图像坐标到理想图像坐标之间的精确函数关系,采用最小二乘估计对畸变参数求解,利用双线性插值法还原理想图像,并给出了详细的实验过程和实验结果。结果表明,该方法具有对实验条件要求低、算法运行速度快、校正结果精确等特点,适用于自动实时校正环境。     

一种考虑透镜畸变的高效摄像机标定方法

本文研究了基于几何图像信息渲染的摄像机标定技术，以针孔摄像机模型为基础，综合考虑了摄像机的透镜径向畸变效应和切向畸变效应，将摄像机的内外参数、有效焦距、畸变系数、不确定因子统一于参数求解的线性方程组中，并借助于开放计算机视觉函数库OpenCV，实现了一种基于“两步法”摄像机标定的改进算法。通过实验分析和比较了利用角点检测获得的图像坐标和利用本文中的摄像机标定算法得到的图像坐标，结果证明本文中的标定算法实现简单，精度高，稳定性好。     

基于OpenCV的摄像机标定算法的设计与实现

本文针对基于视觉导航的无人驾驶汽车导航系统,提出一种基于OpenCV的传统摄像机标定方法实现摄像机标定算法.最后,通过测量标定板的顶点坐标来验证导航系统标定算法的精确度.实验结果表明,采用该标定算法测量系统的定位精度高,而且具有实用、简便、快速等优点.     

基于八元数的立体摄像机外部参数定标方法

八元数可同时表示两摄像机坐标之间的相对平移和旋转，中以八元数作为数学模型，提出了一种立体摄像机外部参数的定标算法，通过两摄像机的刚体运动，将运动参数矩阵进行奇异值分解可同时得到立体摄像机的外部参数；仿真结果表明，所提算法具有良好的鲁棒性。     

基于标定板特征的摄像机线性标定方法研究

提出一种完全线性标定摄像机的方法。先单独标定摄像机的主点坐标和纵横比,然后用CCD垂直拍摄HALCON高精度标定板,并应用SIFT算法完成标定板特征点中心亚像素坐标提取,最后根据径向平行约束和一阶径向畸变模型线性求解其余摄像机的内外部参数,包括焦距、一阶径向畸变系数、旋转矩阵和平移向量。实验中改进了传统线性标定算法,采用单独标定平移分量t z,消除了t z对标定结果造成的不稳定影响,得到了收敛性较好的焦距值。实验数据表明该算法具有较高的标定精度,是一种简单、有效、实用的标定方法。     

基于简单几何知识的摄像机标定算法

针对摄像机固定和共面约束条件下进行目标定位这一问题，本文提出一种全新简单可行的算法。该算法避开了繁琐的摄像机标定过程．只是运用射影几何的性质，通过简单的几何关系，对非标定单摄像机拍摄的一幅图像，求解出其出2D图像平面到3D平面之间的非线性单映射关系。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with