Sur une nouvelle méthode chromatographique pour la séparation de composés polycycliques aromatiques ou hétérocycliques

Summary A new chromatographic technique is described, which makes use of the affinity of anhydrides and imides of tetrahalogenophthalic acids towards aromatic and heterocyclic polycyclic compounds. This method has been successfully applied to the resolution of some problems of analytical organic chemistry.     

Préparation des sous-unités de la dopamineβ hydroxylase humaine et des anticorps anti-sous-unités

Summary The present study deals with the dissociation of human dopamine hydroxylase (DBH) in subunits with a mol. wt of 79,500, and the preparation of specific antibodies in rabbits. No cross-reactivity was observed between human DBH and antibodies against human DBH subunits.

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Nous remercions Madame M. Le Maout pour son excellente aide technique.

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Ce travail a bénéficié de l'aide de l'INSERM (contrat no 75.4.161.2).     

Séparation chromatographique de sucres méthylés isomères

Summary The qualitative and quantitative analysis of synthetic mixtures of non-isomeric and isomeric methylated glucoses, as present in the hydrolysate of methylated glucopolysaccharides, has been achieved by hydrogenation of the methylated sugars to the corresponding methylated hexitols, esterification withp-azobenzoylchlorid, and chromatographic analysis on activated alumina.     

Recherches sur le mécanisme de la rétraction du caillot et de la métamorphose visqueuse des plaquettes

Summary The concept, that viscous metamorphosis of platelets and clot retraction is initiated by thrombin and a dialyzable factor was confirmed. Under certain circumstances glucose acts as dialyzable factor. Clot retraction seems to depend upon the catabolism of glucose.     

Dosage de la procaïnestérase sérique par spectrophotométrie différentielle

Summary A method is proposed for dosage of serum procainesterase by differential spectrophotometry, based on the decrease of the optical density at 295 mµ in the course of the hydrolysis.     

Microméthode potentiométrique pour la détermination de la cholinestérase

Summary A simple very sensitive and usefull method is described for the potentiometric micro-determination of the cholinesterase of blood serum, globules and tissues, using an ordinary potentiometer and an antimonium electrode. This method makes it possible to determine the cholinesterase in solutions of acetylcholine down to 3 mg %.     

Microméthode potentiométrique pour la détermination de la cholinestérase

Sans résumé     

Propriétés phytobiologiques de la sérotonine

Summary The serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamin) which shows a slight influence upon the growth of plant tissues, acts upon water uptake by regulating cellular permeability (latter is activated in the case of K⁺).     

Les effets de l'autotransplantation préportale de la thyroïde chez la Rate

Zusammenfassung 90 Tage nach einer in der Gegend der Pfortader erfolgten Autotransplantation der Schilddrüse bei weiblichen Albinoratten zeigt die histologische Untersuchung der Transplantate alle Zeichen einer gesteigerten Tätigkeit. Dem entgegengesetzt befinden sich Nebenniere, Leber und Hypophysis in dem als Folge der Schilddrüsenextirpation beschriebenen Zustand. Dieser scheinbare Widerspruch stützt die Annahme einer Inaktivierung des Schilddrüsenhormons durch die Leber.     

Etude du métabolisme d'une substance affectant la coagulation sanguine par la méthode des indicateurs radioactifs

Summary Radioactive 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-1:4-naphtoquinone has been used for the exploration of the metabolism of substances which influence the course of blood-clotting. It has been found that this substance diffuses very rapidly into the blood, and that the liver is not characterized by any elective fixation-power.     

Dosage de la streptomycine par la méthode des dilutions appliquée àKlebsiella pneumoniœ No 41 en milieu synthétique de Monod

Zusammenfassung Klebsiella pneumoniae Nr. 41 wird in einem leicht alkalischen, synthetischen Medium mit Zusatz von Saccharose und einem Indikator (z. B. Kresolrot) wachsen gelassen. Durch Spaltung des Zuckers wird die Reaktion nach der sauren Seite verschoben. Das bei einer bestimmten Streptomycin-Konzentration eben noch stattfindende Wachstum derKlebsiella kann nach etwa 2 Stunden am Umschlag des Indikators erkannt werden.     

Essais de solubilisation et de détoxification de la Tyrothricine

Summary As Tyrothricin —Dubos's discovery of the antibiotic agent extracted from cultures ofB. brevis — does not give true aqueous solutions and retains, in the colloïdal state of the usually employed solutions, toxic properties for polymorphonuclear blood cells, we have attempted to effect the solubilization and detoxification of this compound. Treatment with formalin in given proportions results in making it water-soluble. The action of the formalin-treated compound on blood cells suspended in Ringer's solution seems to show a loss of toxicity. Subcutaneous and intramuscular injections in mice do not give visible general toxic effects, and the experiments incite to further investigations in this direction.     

Sur l'apparition d'organes variés dans l'ectoblaste, à la suite de la centrifugation de la blastula et de la gastrula chez les Amphibiens

Summary The centrifugation of the Amphibia blastula or gastrula produces in the ectoblastic area the appearance of complexes of ecto- and mesoblastic organs. Experiments of explantations and cultivationin vitro and also of grafts on a normal embryo demonstrate that those very abnormal secundary embryos are formed without any intervention of the normal organizer. The ectoblastic cells that undergo this increase of morphogenetic potential are characterized by a great concentration of ribonucleic acid in their cytoplasm (this part of work in collaboration withJ. Brachet). Those secundary embryos vary greatly in their frequence, their nature, and their location, depending on the stage in which the centrifugation was done. It is supposed that the nature of the organs formed is dependent on the degree of potency attained by the ectoblast at the time when the reaction arises that is produced by the cellular trauma.     

Effets comparés de laβ-propiolactone et du formol sur les propriétés inductrices de l'organisateur chez les amphibiens

Summary -propiolactone-treated dorsal lips ofAmbystoma mexicanum are grafted in the blastocele of young gastrulas. The inducing ability of dorsal lips is not altered. These results are compared with the effects of formaldehyde which suppress the inducing ability. An interpretation of these facts is proposed. The cross-linking reactions which occur between formaldehyde and proteins may be important for the suppressing of the inductive ability by this agent.     

Quelques problèmes physiologiques posés par leSalmo Salar. Intérêt de l'étude de lasmoltification type de préparation au comportement migratoire

Summary The author considers some physiological problems raised by particularities of the physiological cycle ofSalmo salar L. about which he and his fellow-workers have produced new data (especially those brought out by the physiological, normal fasting so particular to the adultS: The synchonic fasting of Mislin).He insists on the importance, for studies on the physiological mechanism of migrations and from the methodological point of view, of the following feature of the young Salmon in fresh water: a transformation which, in the population studied (S. s. of Adour waters), is so characteristic of and tightly bound to the preparation to catadromic migration that it marks the subjects ready for migration and makes it possible to particularise the new physiological conditions accompanying the phenomenon of migratory instinct (activation of thyroid and interrenal function, of some pituitary neurosecretions and secretions, metabolic changes ). By studying simultaneously: smoltified but not yet migrant fishes, smolts during migration, and a salmonid fish subjected to a current in conditions simulating those of migrating smolts, it is now possible to begin to distinguish the physiological features bound to the preparation for migration, from those resulting from migratory activity.     

Sociétés animales et effet de groupe

Summary In the present note, the author is reviewing recent researches dealing with the action carried by the group on the individual taken isolated. He distinguishes two kinds of effects: 1.Mass effect, owing above all to a modification of the medium by the population itself; 2.group effect, induced chiefly by sensorial stimuli which occurs without requiring the gathering of a large number of individuals.Some examples of group effects are given. Individuals living in society are physiologically different from isolated. Correlation, coordination and social facilitation are to be included among group effects. To-day, we are allowed to speak of social physiology.