相山流纹英安岩和流纹英安斑岩地球化学特征及意义

关于相山火山盆地中打鼓顶组的流纹英安岩与流纹英安斑岩的成岩期次、成岩作用争论已久,通过相山火山盆地流纹英安岩和流纹英安斑岩元素和同位素地球化学特征研究,为两个岩石类型成岩期次和成岩作用对比提供依据,以及更好的深入研究岩浆演化史。结果表明,流纹英安岩和流纹英安斑岩均为过铝质、碱性、钾玄质酸性火山岩系,具有富硅、高碱、富钙、低钛等特点;他们的微量元素与稀土元素地球化学特征也高度相似,均具有Sr,Ba,P,Ti的负异常和Rb,Th,K,Ce的正异常,稀土总含量较高,稀土元素配分曲线为右倾型,轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损,轻稀土分馏程度稍高于重稀土元素,具有明显负Eu异常;Sr-Nd同位素组成相近,均具有相近的ISr值、相近的(~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd)i值、以及范围相近的εNd值。地球化学特征显示出二者在岩浆过程中均主要受到部分熔融作用的制约,其源岩均可能为成熟度较高的上地壳物质。流纹英安岩和流纹英安斑岩具有相似的地球化学组成与特征、相似Sr-Nd同位素组成、高度相似的岩浆过程,表明相山火山盆地早白垩世流纹英安岩和流纹英安斑岩应为同期同源产物,而并非来源于不同期次岩浆过程。     

浙江泰顺洋滨含锡黄玉花岗质斑岩成因

浙江泰顺洋滨斑岩锡矿成矿母岩为黄玉花岗质斑岩脉,主要有黄玉钾长花岗斑岩(Ⅳ号脉),黄玉二长花岗斑岩(Ⅰ号脉深部)和黄英斑岩(Ⅰ号脉浅部)。组成基质的黄玉占全岩10-22％,具典型火成斑状结构。组成斑晶矿物主要有石英、条纹长石、钠长石和黑鳞云母。根据全岩高的F/Cl值(146-303),强过铝质(A/NKC=1.574～12.938)和K_2O>Na_2O等特点判断,在成因上与华南S型花岗岩相似。石英斑晶中含大量原生流体包裹体,其均一温度为180-472℃,含盐度为3.7～44.4wt％NaCl。此外还含少量不均匀包裹体,由数个结晶相(石英,云母和黄玉)和气液相组成,它是在流体/熔体不混溶作用下被捕获的。本文还从富F熔体的解聚作用,不混溶作用和反向演化等方面探讨本区岩石形成的机理     

赣西北九岭中北部早白垩世高分异S型花岗岩成矿专属性分析

对赣西北石门楼地区早白垩世黑云母花岗岩和二云母花岗岩开展了岩石地球化学、矿物地球化学及锆石U-Pb年代学研究.黑云母花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为143.7 Ma±2.4 Ma(MSWD=0.21),属早白垩世早期.黑云母花岗岩和二云母花岗岩Si(SiO_2分别为70.16%～72.78%和72.76%～73.80%)、Al、ALK、CIPW刚玉分子和Rb含量高,Ca、Sr、Ba、Ce、Zr、Y及Nb含量较低,A/CNK值、(Na_2O+K_2O)/CaO和Rb/Sr比值高,REE显示四分组效应,Eu/Eu*值(分别介于0.36～0.60和0.071～0.073)中等或小,属(高)分异S型花岗岩.岩浆起源于新元古代花岗岩类源岩重熔再造作用形成,处于扬子板块与华夏板块碰撞后陆内造山挤压至伸展过渡初期,具有形成钨(钼铜)或钨(锡)矿床的成矿物质、时代及空间专属性和成矿可能性.     

地幔流体参与宁芜玢岩铁矿成矿 ——碳、锶同位素证据

磷灰石为宁芜玢岩铁矿标志性矿物之一,玢岩铁矿磷灰石δ13CPDB值处于-9.6‰—-0.6‰间,除T-06-1和J-06-3两个样品外,其余所有样品δ13CPDB值落入-2‰—-9‰地幔碳区间.玢岩铁矿各种类型磷灰石87Sr/86Sr比值介于0.706326—0.707577,相对比较集中,与火山岩、次火山岩Sr同位素初始比基本相同.比典型幔源岩浆成因磷灰石87Sr/86Sr值(≈0.7040)高得多,很显然成矿时有壳源物质的加入.磷灰石包体中δ13C和Sr同位素的特征表明玢岩铁矿形成时幔源物质和幔源流体参与了成矿作用.这被区域地质构造、区域地球物理场和宁芜火山岩、次火山岩地球化学特征所证实.     

鄂尔多斯盆地延长组钾质斑脱岩地球化学特征

鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7油页岩中夹有多层钾质斑脱岩,为研究其地球化学特征,通过野外露头、岩心观察、X射线衍射分析、X荧光光谱分析、ICP-MS分析等手段,对长7钾质斑脱岩进行了细致的地球化学分析。结果表明:该斑脱岩以黏土矿物为主,其次为石英和长石;Si O2质量分数平均为61%,其次是Al2O3和K2O,分别为22.24%和3.7%,显示经历了强烈的蚀变作用;与北美页岩相比,Cr、Ni含量明显亏损,Rb、Sr、Th、U等含量明显偏高;与球粒陨石相比,Rb、Th、La偏高,Nb、Sr、Y相对较亏损;∑REE在(147.57~203.13)×10-6之间,稀土元素配分模式为"右倾型",即轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损,Eu负异常;在Nb/Y-Zr/Ti O2图解中,数据点主要落在流纹岩—流纹英安岩之间,表明火山物质主体来源于中酸性岩。     

山西芦芽山早元古代紫苏花岗岩的成因：地球化学和Nd同位素证据

芦芽山紫苏花岗岩体主要由紫苏二长岩、紫苏石英二长岩、紫苏花岗岩和钾长花岗岩组成.这些花岗质岩石表现TiO2,P2O5,K2 O,Zr,Nb,Y,Pb,La,Ce和Ba富集以及高的K2O/Na2O比值,而MgO,CaO,Mg#,Th,U亏损和低的Sr/Ba、Rb/Ba比值.Zr,Nb和Ce与SiO2反相关,这与Ⅰ型花岗岩恰恰相反.这些岩石的Sm-Nd同位素特征比较均一,初始εNd值为-5.93到-6.97,亏损地幔模式年龄为2.67到2.78 Ga.这些特征说明紫苏花岗质岩浆起源于晚太古代下地壳的部分熔融,即铁镁质麻粒岩在富CO2流体存在和异常高温下的部分熔融,石榴石作为主要残余相.它们经历了干燥高温岩浆的结晶分异,辉石、斜长石、磷灰石和钛铁矿可能为早期结晶相.芦芽山紫苏花岗岩的岩浆作用形成于东部陆块和西部陆块(～1850 Ma)主碰撞期后的俯冲洋壳拆沉、地幔上隆导致的热松弛构造背景.     

辽河盆地粗面斑岩成因及其构造环境

辽河盆地东部凹陷的粗面斑岩呈次火山相顺层侵入于早第三纪沙河街组地层中,全岩Rb＿Sr等时线年龄为(41.5±2.2)Ma粗面斑岩呈斑状构造,斑晶为钾长石、歪长石和少量斜长石,基质主要为碱性长石.地球化学研究表明,粗面斑岩的SiO2含量变化于59.58(wt%)到61.22(wt%),(K2O+Na2O)介于10.40(wt%)到11.83(wt%)之间,富集高场强元素(如Nb、Th、Zr和Hf)和轻稀土元素,亏损Pb.除具明显的Eu负异常,粗面斑岩的稀土元素配分型式与伴生玄武岩的相似.以上特征表明,粗面斑岩是玄武岩浆直接分异演化的结果,地壳物质的混染作用不显著.此外,粗面斑岩亏损Sr、Eu、K和Rb,其K/Rb和Rb、Eu 和ΣREE分别呈线性相关,表明斜长石和钾长石的分离结晶作用对粗面质岩浆的演化起重要作用.我们认为这种粗面质岩石是玄武质岩浆在低压环境(≤1.0GPa)下经历大比例的分离结晶作用形成,而斜长石和钾长石的分离结晶作用发生超低压(约100MPa)条件下,这与本区沙三期相对稳定的大陆裂谷拉张环境相一致.     

水汶盆地碎斑熔岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及地球化学特征

广西水汶火山盆地西垌组四段碎斑熔岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年结果显示其形成年龄为(83.4±0.9)Ma,属晚白垩世火山-岩浆活动的产物.碎斑熔岩富SiO2(73.57％～ 74.29％),富K2O(4.91％～ 5.61％),低P2O5 (0.03％～0.04％),准铝-弱过铝质(A/NKC为0.99 ～ 1.03),富集Rb,Th以及La,Ce,Nd等轻稀土元素,亏损Ba,Nb,Ta,Sr,P,Ti,Rb/Sr比值高(1.16～ 1.73),Y和Th含量与Rb含量之间具有正的相关性,过碱指数(AI值),Zr+Nb+Ce+Y值、FeO*/MgO值、10000×Ga/A1值均小于典型的A型花岗岩,与高分异Ⅰ型花岗岩地球化学特征十分相似,应该是太平洋板块俯冲作用背景下,形成于弧后拉张构造环境的高分异Ⅰ型碎斑熔岩.     

湘东王仙花岗闪长斑岩的岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素组成

王仙花岗闪长斑岩出露于湖南省东部,通过地球化学和地质年代学方法对其岩石元素质量分数和锆石U-Pb-Hf同位素组成进行研究。研究结果表明:该岩体为富Si O2(其质量分数w(Si O2)为74.46%~75.79%)和Al2O3(w(Al2O3)为12.47%~12.83%),贫TFe2O3(w(TFe2O3)为0.96%~1.09%)和Mg O(w(Mg O)为0.17%~0.27%),且相对贫钠富钾(w(Na2O)/w(K2O)为0.39~0.57)的高钾钙碱性、强过铝质花岗岩;稀土元素质量分数较低,具有明显四组分配分曲线特征,相对富集Rb,Th,U,K,Nd,Hf和Sm,而亏损Ba,Eu,Sr,Ti和P;王仙花岗闪长斑岩的侵位年龄为(224.7±4.4)Ma,锆石的εHf(t)较稳定,为-6.83~-3.44,这表明王仙花岗闪长属于S型花岗岩,是华夏地块中元古代较成熟的泥质地壳部分熔融并有少量幔源物质侵入,经高程度分离结晶作用形成的;印支晚期华南板块同时受到古特提斯洋闭合和古太平洋板块向北西俯冲的影响,在碰撞后的伸展环境中,幔源物质底侵,造成地壳物质部分熔融并与幔源物质混合,形成王仙花岗闪长斑岩。     

青藏高原东北缘马泉新生代碱性玄武岩地球化学及其成因探讨

马泉新生代碱性玄武岩出露在青藏高原东北缘,岩石SiO2介于40.40%～41.84%之间,TiO2含量高(3.73%～4.57%),K2O(0.37%～3.24%)和Na2O(0.57%～2.59%)含量高且变化范围较宽,K2O/Na2O为0.46～1.92,属于典型的幔源高钛-极高钛大陆溢流碱性玄武岩类。岩石微量及稀土元素具板内火山岩特征,Th、Rb等元素呈较明显的富集状态。岩石87Sr/86Sr(0.704090～0.704668),143Nd/144Nd(0.512770～0.512869),206Pb/204Pb(18.363698～18.866220),207Pb/204Pb(15.495292～15.602144),208Pb/204Pb(38.092958～39.399417)等同位素变化特征以及岩石高Mg(Mg#=60.7～65.9),高Sm/Yb值,(Ce/Yb)N在29.37～35.82,表明马泉碱性玄武岩的岩浆源区深度较大,应来源于软流圈地幔石榴石二辉橄榄岩的局部熔融。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with