对三峡库区某滑坡位移响应规律研究

利用三峡库区某滑坡长期地表位移监测资料,分别从定性和定量的角度研究了滑坡变形的时域规律:运用离散谱分析求得在库水及降雨条件下该滑坡变形的周期为12个月左右;运用统计学的方法建立了滑坡变形滞后于库水位及降雨的回归模型,求得滑坡变形滞后期与库水位降速的相关模型为T1=5.463-3.677v1,与库水位降速及降雨强度的相关模型为T2=6.353-5.498v1-0.23v2t2,且库水位降速对变形滞后期的影响占主导作用.对库水位一个下降周期内不同水位下降方案进行模拟可知,库水位降速与滑坡稳定性呈负相关.库水位下降历时、降幅一定时,采用先快降后缓降同时避免陡升陡降的库水位调度方案,可获得较高的安全系数,为工程实践提供了一种可行的滑坡变形时域规律研究方法.     

库水位变动条件下谭家河滑坡变形阈值分析

水库型滑坡主要受水库蓄水、水位升降以及降雨等综合因素影响,稳定性差、变形机理复杂,同时其规模一般较大、危害性强;以三峡库首区域典型代表性水库滑坡-秭归谭家河滑坡为例,对丰富的专业监测数据进行了深入细致的分析,研究结果表明：滑坡主要受到库水位变动的影响,当库水位达到172 m时,滑坡开始产生较大的变形;由于长期库水位变动的影响,滑坡在高库水位和库水位下降时,位移速率较大,监测曲线形成阶跃,滑坡同时受到浮托减重效应和动水压力效应的影响.在库水位下降期,7d累积降雨量大于70 mm,以及在145 m低水位运行期,7 d累积降雨量超过170 mm,会对滑坡的变形产生明显的影响.     

库水位变化时陡倾软弱顺层岩质滑坡变形机制

研究库水位动态变化时陡倾软弱顺层岩质滑坡的变形机制,为库岸滑坡防治及库水调度提供帮助。以四川省大渡河某水电站开顶滑坡为例,通过野外调查资料、库水位及地面监测数据综合分析,研究滑坡结构及变形破坏特征;建立二维地质模型,利用离散元模拟蓄水前后陡倾顺层岩质滑坡变形响应过程,结合有限元进一步分析库水作用下岸坡稳定性变化规律。研究结果表明,岸坡特殊的地质构造和岩性是控制滑坡产生的主要因素,水库蓄水诱发了滑坡的变形,库水位变化进一步加速了变形进程。当库水位以4.8 m/d、3.84 m/d、1.92 m/d的速率上升时,坡体稳定性呈现先增后减的趋势;当以小于0.5 m/d的速率下降时,岸坡变形不明显,但稳定性急剧降低,极有可能增加变形速率,加剧变形,导致大范围失稳破坏。在水库调度过程中,为避免渗流作用对岸坡稳定性的影响,库水位变化应保持在较小的速率平稳运行。     

三峡库区黄莲树滑坡启动变形监测分析

2012年5月31日黄莲树滑坡前缘发生大规模滑动,顺坡向下滑动约8~9m,因监测预警及时,幸未发生人员伤亡.本文通过对黄莲树滑坡历年来监测资料的分析,得出滑坡变形特征及其变形启动机理,并总结出了以库水位升降和大气降雨为主的滑坡稳定性影响因素,通过ABAQUS数值模拟软件计算验证了这一结论.     

三峡库区旧县坪滑坡变形机理及稳定性

受三峡水库蓄水影响,大量的涉水老(古)滑坡发生复活变形,采用地表位移监测和数值模拟研究了滑坡的变形机理和稳定性,取得了以下认识:①旧县坪滑坡在重力和库水等因素下,下滑段不断挤压阻滑段而发生推移式蠕滑变形.②库水下降是旧县坪滑坡变形的主要因素,降雨的影响有限,起主推作用.滑坡变形较大的月份主要集中在1-7月库水下降及其影...     

三峡库区白家包滑坡变形机理与预警模型研究

三峡库区自2003年蓄水以来,库区有大量滑坡监测累积位移曲线呈阶跃型,此类滑坡在外界影响因素下集中在某一时间段内变形量大,其机理复杂、稳定性判断和预警难度大.通过研究滑坡的变形特征及诱发因素,有助于评估滑坡的稳定性,并构建合适的预警模型.本文以白家包滑坡为研究对象,综合分析15年人工和4年自动GNSS地表位移监测数据,结合野外宏观巡查及勘查资料,研究了白家包滑坡的变形机理;基于改进切线角以及全自动监测数据定量化分析,获取滑坡等速变形速率和变形阶跃点,建立相应的预警模型.结果表明：白家包滑坡整体变形明显,滑坡变形主要集中于每年5—6月,滑坡累积曲线呈现典型的“阶跃”型的动态变形特性,受库水位升降作用影响表现出明显的“推拉效应”;库水位下降是白家包滑坡变形关键影响因素,且与库水位下降速率密切相关,在库水位快速下降期和低水位期,特大暴雨和持续降雨会促进变形;通过改进切线角方法及数据精细化分析,白家包滑坡的位移速率阈值为8.7 mm/d,库水阈值为库水位下降至149 m位移阶跃启动,最小下降速率为0.4 m/d.     

库水作用下青杠坪滑坡堆积体变形演化趋势

青杠坪滑坡为一巨型古滑坡,位于溪洛渡库区金沙江右岸,距坝址约15.5 km,受库水升降作用影响,滑坡局部于2014年4月24日复活,复活体方量约300万m3,灾害使137间房屋及0.6千米乡村公路等毁于一旦,造成约500万元的直接经济损失。鉴于青杠坪滑坡堆积体方量巨大,后期库水升降作用下堆积体可能进一步复活,将对当地居民的生命财产安全造成极大威胁,因此对该滑坡的变形演化趋势进行研究迫在眉睫,研究成果可为类似灾害的防治提供参考。为分析库水作用对滑坡堆积体的影响,本文以滑坡堆积体上角砾土的现场双环渗透试验和室内干湿循环试验为基础,运用FLAC3D（Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua）模拟库区水位升降作用下青杠坪滑坡堆积体变形演化趋势,研究结果显示：（1）青杠坪滑坡表层堆积体平均渗透系数为6.94×10-2cm/s,为中-强透水介质。（2）土体抗剪强度指标与干湿循环次数n存在一定关系：粘聚力 ,内摩擦角 。（3）库水位稳定于540 m与600 m高程条件下,坡体整体稳定,随着干湿循环次数的增加,坡体堆积体变形裂缝逐渐加大,稳定性系数不断降低,循环次数达35次时,滑坡体消落带以上780~930 m高程范围及巨型块石上部的堆积体将发生滑动,青杠坪滑坡将再次复活。     

某水库滑坡在降雨作用下的稳定性模拟分析

水库型滑坡主要受库水位升降变化而发生变形,因此对水库滑坡的研究主要集中在库水变动影响下的滑坡变形机理及稳定性分析方面.然而通过对三峡库区滑坡调查发现,有一类水库滑坡变形主要受降雨影响,而研究这类滑坡在降雨和库水共同作用下的变形及稳定性同样具有重要意义.本文以三峡库区某水库滑坡为例,在详细调查该滑坡地质条件及变形发展过程基础上,运用数值模拟方法对其渗流场及稳定性进行了定量分析.结果表明,该滑坡由于特殊的地形条件,其变形主要受降雨影响,受库水位升降影响较小.     

千将坪滑坡变形特征及其机理研究

通过三维有限元方法研究千将坪滑坡.建立滑坡三维有限元计算模型,模拟库水位上升和降雨过程引起的千将坪滑坡变形破坏机理.对千将坪滑坡在不同工况下的计算结果进行比较分析,得出在库水位上升和降雨条件下的滑坡位移场和塑性区的变化规律,从而揭示千将坪滑坡的整体变形破坏机制.     

库水位升降作用下库岸滑坡稳定性研究

为研究库水位升降对库岸滑坡稳定性的影响,以九甸峡库区某滑坡为例,采用GPS对其外部进行变形监测,结合详细的现场调查及水库运营资料,同时针对库水位升降条件下利用Geo-slope分析库岸滑坡的稳定性变化规律.结果表明:库水位100~130 m阶段,库水位快速持续上升及下降将会引起滑体发生滑动;滑体稳定性随库水位下降速度增加而减小,库水位下降速度超过0.3 m/d时,滑体将会发生失稳;库水位上升速率大于0.4 m/d时,将会诱发滑体失稳;库水位连续快速升降也对库岸滑坡稳定性不利,库水位快速升降与滑体滑动存在滞后期.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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