盗毒蛾核型多角体病毒的分离鉴定

作者从自然罹病死亡的盗毒蛾幼虫中分离到一株昆虫病原物,经鉴定,该病原物为盗毒蛾核型多角体病毒(PsNPV),该病毒包涵体多数呈三角形、四边形,部分呈多角形,其大小为1000～2000nm;病毒粒子呈杆状,为单粒包埋型(SEV),其大小为(250～350)nm×(40～60)nm.通过感染试验测定了盗毒蛾核型多角体病毒的毒力,结果显示其LC50为3.34×104PIB/mL;以3×106PIB/mL和3×105PIB/mL两种浓度感染盗毒蛾幼虫,测得LT50分别为5.78d和6.24d.     

棉铃虫核型多角体病毒的研究(Ⅱ)——病毒毒力的生物测定

本文报导了由江苏海安采得的棉铃虫Heliothis armigera(Hübner)核型多角体病毒毒力的生物测定.用不同剂量不同方法感染棉铃虫二令初期幼虫和初孵幼虫,分别测得的剂量与死亡率回归方程式为y=2.56+1.52x、y=2.595+1.198x,前者的LD_(50)为40.91PTB/幼虫,后者的LC_(50)为101.70×10~3PIB/毫升.试验结果表明,江苏海安采得的棉铃虫核型多角体病毒与国外同类病毒制剂相比,毒力是相当高的.用初孵幼虫测定有较多的优点,拟可作为一种常规测定方法.     

柳天蚕蛾多粒包埋核型多角体病毒的研究

本文报道柳天蚕蛾多粒包埋核型多角体病毒的分离,形态特征,组织病理及其生物活性研究。1985年10月从昆明大观楼柳树上采集的柳天蚕蛾自然罹病幼虫体中分离到一种多粒包埋(MEV)核型多角体病毒(NPV)。多角体呈不规则的多角形,大小不等,直径约为2.013±0.138μm。多角体在宿主细胞核内形成。病毒粒子在多角体内除少数为单粒包埋外,多数以2～15个核衣壳包埋成束,病毒束直径约为271.43±121.43nm,经弱碱处理而游离的病毒核衣壳杆状,微弯曲,两端钝圆,大小为433.34±33.34×77.5nm。属杆状病毒科(Baculoviridae),杆状病毒属(Entomopoxvirus),A亚群(Subgroup A)一种。缩写AsMNPV。用2-2000PIB/ml AsMNPV感染柳天蚕蛾3龄单个幼虫,7天后死亡率为28.2～98.0％,LC_(50)为6.82PIB/ml。用9.6-9.6×10~7PIB/ml感3龄群体幼虫,7天后死亡率为29.52～100％,LC_(50)为7.0896×10~1PIB/ml。用9.6×10~7PIB/ml分别感染1～4龄幼虫,9天后备龄幼虫死亡率分别为97％、95％、90％和70％。生物测定结果表明AsMNPV对柳天蚕蛾幼虫有很高的致死率,其幼虫对AsMNPV的敏感性,随虫龄的增大而递减。     

棉铃虫核型多角体病毒病的研究(Ⅰ)——病征和病原物

本文报道1974年由江苏省海安县采集的棉铃虫Heliothis armigera(H(?)b-ner)核型多角体病毒病的病征和病原物的研究。棉铃虫核型多角体病毒能感染各龄幼虫,为典型的幼虫期病毒病。病毒在幼虫组织的细胞核内增殖,并形成多角体。侵染的组织有脂肪体、体壁上皮、气管上皮、血细胞、马氏管、中肠上皮等。神经、肌肉和丝腺没有看到病变。多角体为近于球形或卵形的多面体,直径大小为1222±240mμ。病毒粒子杆状,由外膜和髓核构成,长度范围为164～285mμ,宽度范围为28.4～60.7mμ。它以单个或成束(一般每束含2～6个)的形式同时封闭在多角体内,排列是不规则的。这种封闭方式和国外报道的美国棉铃虫Heliothis zea(Boddie)以及非洲等地棉铃虫核型多角体病毒显然不同,后两种的病毒粒子在多角体内都是单个地封闭的。根据统一的病毒分类系统,这种病毒应属于杆状病毒属Baculovirus。     

甘蓝夜蛾核型多角体病毒的分离、鉴定和毒力测定

甘蓝夜蛾(Mamdstra bressicae L.)是石河子垦区甜菜的重要害虫,严重发生时对甜菜含糖量的影响较大。除危害甜菜外,还为害甘蓝等十字花科蔬菜及禾本科、豆科、茄科等作物。在石河子地区一年发生三代,以蛹在土中越冬,幼虫一般为6龄。 1984年8月,我们在室内饲养的甘蓝夜蛾幼虫中,发现自然慛病死亡现象,经分离鉴定是被甘蓝夜蛾核型多角体病毒以下简称MbNpV侵染所致。对该病毒多角体的观察和初步研究国内虽有报道(1)(2),但为搞清新疆昆虫病毒资源,了解MbNPV进行生物防治的可能性,我们对该病毒的形态和毒力等进行了研究。现将结果报告如下:     

山楂粉蝶核型多角体病毒的研究(一)

山楂粉蝶(Aporia crataegi L.)是内蒙古自治区果林的主要害虫。1982年在土默特左旗南贵果园发现有病毒致死山楂粉蝶虫体现象后,做了调查研究,又于1983年以土默特右旗沟门公社板申气果园为基点,利用室外饲养和实地系统调查,对山楂粉蝶幼虫、蛹感染病毒后的死亡时间、症状和死亡率做了记载,发现由感染病毒致死的山楂粉蝶老龄幼虫和蛹,均属液化型,虫体自然死亡率高达63.77％。对引起山楂粉蝶幼虫和蛹致死的病毒进行了分离提纯,在日本产的H—600电镜下观察了病毒多角体、病毒束、病毒粒体的形态和大小。经鉴定确认为山楂粉蝶核型多角体病毒。 Krieg.A.(1956)曾报道过对山楂粉蝶核型多角体病毒的研究工作。迄今尚未见到国内关于山楂粉蝶核型多角体病毒的研究文献。     

油桐尺蠖核型和木(木尞)尺蠖核型多角体病毒的限制性内切酶分析

油桐尺蠖核型多角体病毒(BsNPV)、木(木尞)尺蠖核型多角体病毒(CpNPV)和用CpNPV感染油桐尺蠖幼虫面得到的病毒CpNPV-Bs,三者经HaeⅢ酶解后的电泳图谱均一致,经HindⅢ酶解后,均获得11条片段。各病毒DNA的总分子量约为57.5×10~6D。本文初步认为BsNPV和CpNPV为同一种病毒。     

马尾松毛虫幼虫核型多角体病毒的研究简报

1974年4月以来,我们曾多次从广州市郊采得感染核型多角体病毒病的马尾松毛虫(Dendrolimus punctatus)的幼虫。病死的幼虫倒挂树上(图1),内脏液化,体壁易触破,从破裂处流出淡褐色、含有大量多角体的液体。本病毒属杆状病毒属(Baculovirus),其多角体呈四边、五边、六边或不规则形,直径1.4～3.4微米(图2)。     

大豆银纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒的研究——银纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒的分离鉴定

从豆田采到自然罹病死亡的银纹夜蛾幼虫,经分离鉴定其病原体是一种核型多角体病毒。感病幼虫体色由淡绿变为黄绿以至黄白色,体节肿大,倒垂死亡,体壁脆软,常液化流出淡褐色脓液,无嗅味。切片观察幼虫受害组织,主要是表皮细胞、血细胞、脂肪体,气管基质及中肠上皮细胞,此处丝腺、肌肉细胞也被侵染。病变主题表现为细胞核膨大,核内充满大量多角体。电镜观察多角体呈正三边形,直径1.34u,病毒粒子杆状,大小346×57.8nm呈单粒包埋。根据国际病毒分类与命名系统,此病毒属于杆状毒科(B aculoviridae)、杆状病毒属(Baculovirus)、或核型多角体病毒A亚组,定名为银纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒。     

甜菜夜蛾幼虫增殖GrNPV的研究

以甜菜夜蛾幼虫作为替代宿主增殖草原毛虫核型多角体病毒(GrNPV)的研究结果表明,GrNPV在甜菜夜蛾体内连续传代2次后得到了GrNPV-Se2,GrNPV-Se2切片电镜图具有典型的杆状病毒特征.分别提取GrNPV-Se2与GrNPV基因组,电泳结果表明GrNPV-Se2与GrNPV基因组大小相同.设计GrNPV多角体基因引物,对GrNPV-Se2与GrNPV基因组进行PCR验证,结果GrNPV与GrNPV-Se2基因组的多角体基因PCR产物带型相同,表明用甜菜夜蛾幼虫成功增殖了草原毛虫核型多角体病毒GrNPV.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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