正交偶极阵列声波测井仪的设计

在分析正交偶极子四分量测量原理的基础上,设计了一种正交偶极阵列声波测井仪,并介绍了其测量的具体实现方法.用该测井仪对不同地区的标准井和生产井进行了测试.结果表明,该仪器测得的波形信噪比高,波形特征清楚正确,资料处理结果中的快、慢横波慢度与各自的横波波形、各向异性及快、慢横波面方位角等都有良好的对应关系.     

用正交偶极阵列声波测井研究地层地应力场

提出了一种利用正交偶极子声波测井资料计算地层主应力的新方法。该方法利用了当地层地应力不均衡时,横波发生双折射形成快横波和慢横波的物理特征,在应力不均衡井段建立快、慢横波应力一速度方程。通过岩心实验确定了快、慢横波应力一速度方程的耦合系数,从而计算地层最大、最小水平主应力数值,并从理论上证明了快横波传播方向与最大水平主应力方向一致。应用该方法,对大港油田碳酸盐岩地层进行了地应力评价,并用成像测井对评价结果进行验证,结果证明该方法有效。     

TI地层井孔中正交偶极子声波测井的物理模拟

采用缩小尺寸的模型井和自制的声波测井模拟试验系统模拟研究正交偶极子声源在井轴与TI介质的对称轴呈不同夹角的模型井中声传播的特征,采用慢度时间相关法、频散分析方法及各向异性分析方法对测量得到的四分量偶极子波形进行分析,并与数值模拟结果进行对比。结果表明:正交偶极子声源在TI介质井孔中激发的弯曲波的速度随井轴与介质对称轴夹角的变化趋势与对应的横波体波速度的变化趋势相一致,且略小于对应的横波体波速度;从试验数据中提取的快、慢弯曲波的频散曲线互相平行,与固有各向异性地层井孔中的快、慢弯曲波频散曲线互相平行的理论相一致;通过HTI井孔中的正交偶极子模拟测量试验验证了地层横波各向异性测量及快横波面测量的可靠性。     

基于多尺度分析的正交偶极子声波测井反演地层各向异性

提出一种从四分量正交偶极子声波阵列波形数据中提取地层剪切波方位各向异性参数的有效方法。该方法利用了各向异性地层中快、慢主挠曲波的分裂特征，从四分量数据中计算出了主波列，构造了目标函数，并利用改进的模拟退火方法搜索目标函数的全局极小值，确定出各向异性参数和快横波方位角。对四分量数据进行了多尺度分析，在时间－频率域内提取了挠曲波的动力学特征，解决了实际数据处理中遇到的波形畸变和干扰问题。与常规方法的对比表明，新方法不仅计算速度快，而且能够减少确定快横波方位角时的不确定性，提高了各向异性参数估计的精确度。     

基于多尺度分析的正交偶极子声波测井反演地层各向异性

提出一种从四分量正交偶极子声波阵列波形数据中提取地层剪切波方位各向异性参数的有效方法。该方法利用了各向异性地层中快、慢主挠曲波的分裂特征 ,从四分量数据中计算出了主波列 ,构造了目标函数 ,并利用改进的模拟退火方法搜索目标函数的全局极小值 ,确定出各向异性参数和快横波方位角。对四分量数据进行了多尺度分析 ,在时间频率域内提取了挠曲波的动力学特征 ,解决了实际数据处理中遇到的波形畸变和干扰问题。与常规方法的对比表明 ,新方法不仅计算速度快 ,而且能够减少确定快横波方位角时的不确定性 ,提高了各向异性参数估计的精确度。     

基于比值法叠后快慢横波分离方法的裂缝检测

定向地下裂缝是低渗透率油气藏油气的储集空间和运移通道,对油气的开采有着重要的意义.本文基于横波分裂理论,提出了比值法叠后快、慢横波分离方法,通过分离后的快、慢横波的振幅差异和时间延迟可求取地下介质的裂缝走向方位和密度以及各向异性系数。     

含裂隙介质中横波分裂现象的数值模拟

波动方程高阶差分法具有精度高、数值频散小的优点,使用这种高阶差分解法,对裂隙介质中的弹性波的传播进行了模拟,对其中的横波分裂现象进行了分析研究,结果发现,在裂隙介质中,横波分裂后快横波与慢横波的能量分布与裂隙和测线的夹角有关;慢横波的能量衰减快;快、慢横波遇到反射界面时会产生各自的反射波、透射波和转换波、使记录复杂化,模拟结果对裂隙发育地区的地震资料的采集,处理和解释具有指导意义。     

随钻测井环境中地层横波速度测量的数值研究

由于慢地层横波速度测量困难,数值考察了多极子声源在裸眼井和随钻测井环境中激发的声场波形.随钻测井环境中,偶极子和四极子声源都能在快地层井孔中激发出携带地层横波信息的地层振型.研究表明在慢地层,偶极子声源激发的钻铤振型严重干扰地层横波波速的测量,低频四极子声源在慢地层井眼中则不会激发出钻铤振型.     

基于横波分裂的地层裂缝预测方法与应用

多波资料比单波资料含有更丰富的地层信息，特别是利用横波在裂缝介质中的分裂机制分离出的快，慢横波，可进行地下地层的各向异性研究，获取地层裂缝信息，预测出地层裂缝系统的发育方向和发育程度，有助于裂缝性油气藏的研究，作者研究了一套利用多波资料预测地层裂缝的方法，并得到了有效的应用。     

TI地层声学各向异性随钻评价方法的数值研究

采用三维有限差分方法模拟偶极子声源在含钻铤的各向异性地层井孔中激发的声场,研究地层各向异性对偶极模式波频散特征的影响,并提出从随钻四分量偶极子声波数据中提取地层快、慢横波慢度及其各向异性的方法。结果表明,偶极子声源在各种地层井孔中均可激发对横波慢度的方位各向异性敏感的偶极模式波:对于快速地层,F2模式的低频部分对地层横波慢度及其方位各向异性最为敏感;对于中速和慢速地层,弯曲波较高频率部分对地层横波慢度较为敏感。采用各向同性地层建模的方法可以较为准确地提取地层的快、慢横波慢度,提取结果的误差小于4%。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with