双膜片石英谐振式力传感器设计及其性能研究

将石英谐振器分别假设为正交各向异性体和各向同性体 ,利用有限元法对其进行失稳时临界力的计算和分析 ,得出了传感器结构稳定性与谐振器厚度及支撑条件的关系。在此基础上 ,对传感器结构进行了改进 ,并对单、双膜片结构传感器的各种性能进行了实验研究 ,得出如下结论 :传感器由单膜片结构改制成双膜片结构后 ,其非线性误差、滞后误差、重复性误差和蠕变误差普遍降低 ,滞后和重复性指标的提高尤为显著 ;另外 ,双膜片结构传感器的抗偏载及横向冲击能力大大增强 ,可靠性明显提高     

采用柔性铰链罗伯威尔结构的石英谐振式力传感器

介绍了一种采用柔性铰链构成的罗伯威尔结构和ＡＴ－切精密石英谐振器组成的石英谐振式力传感器。柔性铰链无间隙、无机械摩擦、充分体现材料的性能,传感器只由弹性体和谐振器两个部分组成,力的传递环节少,误差小可靠性高。通过调整柔性铰链的尺寸,可以得到不同量程的传感器。解决了整体式石英谐振式力传感器加工困难、成本高和组合式环节多、精度不高的缺点,为石英谐振式力传感器找到了一种较为合适的结构,使石英本身优良的性能得到发挥。研制了精度较高、成本较低、数字量输出的石英谐振式力传感器,并且给出了传感器的精度指标。     

石英谐振器力灵敏度温度系数特性分析

力灵敏度温度系数是石英谐振器产生湿漂的主要原因之一，而且这种温漂不能用差频方法消除，因此，它是影响石英谐振式力传感器测量精度的主要原因，文中给出了测量误差与力灵敏度温度系数之间的定量关系，并得到实验验证。阐述了力灵敏度温度系数的物理意义，分析确定了标定温度的方法。在一定温度范围内使用的石英晶体谐振器，既要有一定的分辨率又要使其测量结果不受温度影响，为此提出了石英谐振器最佳取向选取原则。     

石英谐振器力灵敏度温度系数特性分析

力灵敏度温度系数是石英谐振器产生温漂的主要原因之一，而且这种温漂不能用差频方法消除，因此，它是影响石英谐振式力传感器测量精度的主要原因．文中给出了测量误差与力灵敏度温度系数之间的定量关系，并得到实验验证．阐述了力灵敏度温度系数的物理意义，分析确定了标定温度的方法．在一定温度范围内使用的石英晶体谐振器，既要有一定的分辨率，又要使其测量结果不受温度影响，为此提出了石英谐振器最佳取向选取原则．根据这一原则，找出了ＡＴ切型晶片用作力敏元件时的最佳施力方位角．为提高石英谐振式力传感器的测量精度提供了一个理论基础．     

MEMS光纤压力传感器压力膜片的仿真与分析

阐述了一种使用周边固定的圆形膜片的反射式强度调制型MEMS光纤压力传感器的工作原理,在现有外界压力下的膜片应力、应变及固有频率公式的基础上,推导了膜片应力、应变和固有频率三者随传感器尺度变化的一般规律.利用有限元分析软件ANSYS对推演出的规律仿真模拟和分析,验证了此规律的正确性和普适性,同时修正分析模型,总结了理论公式与实际应用之间的联系与区别.     

一种声表面波转矩传感器快速解调方法设计

针对多个谐振器组成的无线无源声表面波(SAW)转矩传感器阅读过程复杂、耗时长的问题,利用SAW谐振器的频率响应特性设计了一种基于时域的转矩传感器快速解调方法.分析了SAW谐振器的响应特性并设计了信号的截断与去噪声方法,以及周期计算方法.根据设定的高频与响应信号周期的关系确定各个谐振器谐振频率的范围,然后通过谱估计具有最大周期的信号以解调出频率.提出的扫描方法只需采集一路信号,即降低了阅读器硬件系统的复杂性,同时在时域中简化了信号解调算法.通过实验测试了该扫描方法,完成一次搜索过程只需521ms,而传统的2路正交信号(IQ)扫描方法需要828ms.实验结果表明:设计的算法与IQ法相比扫描速度提高了37.1%,验证了该算法的有效性.     

光纤布拉格光栅渗压传感器设计

为实现对尾矿库的安全渗压实时监测,设计了一种波纹膜片结构封装的光纤布拉格光栅渗压传感器,通过材料及温度光栅双温度补偿,剔除了环境温度的影响。实测结果表明,该光纤光栅传感器量程为0~20 k Pa,压力灵敏度为27.8 pm/k Pa,线性拟合度达到0.999 99,适用于液位小范围变化的高精度检测。在尾矿库浸润线检测中的应用表明,传感器精度高,重复性好。     

复合量程加速度计在炮射导弹中的研究及应用

针对炮射导弹在发射、飞行时的特殊环境,安装多个传感器所产生的测量信号位置误差等问题,设计研究了复合量程微加速度计。对其内部结构及外围的温度补偿电路进行分析。通过仿真得出复合量程微加速度计的外壳结构可以承受20 000 g的冲击,并用实验验证复合量程微加速度计适合测量炮射导弹发射时的冲击测量。在炮射导弹上具有良好的应用价值。     

硅压阻式低压传感器研制

以各向异性腐蚀技术制造的矩形硅膜片为弹性敏感元件,研制了硅压阻式低压传感器。通过对矩形硅膜上应力分布的分析和计算,确定了力敏电阻的最佳位置和尺寸。压敏电阻全桥采用集成电路技术制作在2.5mm×5.5mm、厚35μm的矩形硅膜片上。在0～20kPa压力范围内,测得577μV/kPa·V的灵敏度,理论和实验结果有较好的一致性。     

井下光纤光栅温度压力传感器的研制

井下的温度和压力是油田开发中的重要参数.介绍了一种可用于油井井下长期监测的光纤温度压力传感器,该传感器采用布拉格光纤光栅测量原理,优化设计了特殊的封装结构,通过与油田现场测试技术的紧密结合,实现了国内光纤井下传感器无现场应用的突破.该传感器压力量程0～50 MPa,测试精度达到0.1% FS;温度量程0～150℃,测试...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to