农杆菌介导转化水稻成熟胚影响因素研究

实验对蜀恢881、蜀恢527、中花9号等7个水稻品种的成熟胚为受体材料，研究了影响农杆菌转化水稻频率的几个重要因素，实验结果表明：CC培养基是籼稻成熟胚愈伤组织的最适诱导培养基，而NB培养基是粳稻品种成熟胚的最适诱导培养基；诱导培养基中添加ABA并不能显著提高籼稻和粳稻成熟胚愈伤组织的诱导率，但在ABA为3mg／LN可以明显改善愈伤质量；适当的低温预处理可以不同程度提高诱导率；农杆菌菌株EHA105对水稻愈伤组织的转化能力优于LBA4404和AGL1；在分化时，采用适宜的激素配比有利于提高分化率。     

硝酸银对蕨菜和朝鲜野菊花愈伤组织生长与分化的影响

以蕨菜和朝鲜野菊花愈伤组织为材料,研究其在含有不同浓度AgNO3的培养基中生长及分化的情况。结果表明:0mg·L-1(对照)AgNO3适宜蕨菜愈伤组织的生长;0.4mg·L-1AgNO3适宜蕨菜愈伤组织的分化。0mg·L-1(对照)AgNO3适宜朝鲜野菊花愈伤组织的生长;0.4-0.6mg·L-1AgNO3适宜朝鲜野菊花愈伤组织的分化。     

马蹄金再生体系的构建

以马蹄金无菌苗为试材,子叶为外植体,研究了不同植物生长调节剂种类的组合及浓度的配比对愈伤组织诱导、分化的影响,结果表明：含2,4-D、NAA、IAA和细胞分裂素6-BA的诱导培养基对愈伤组织的诱导频率差别不明显,诱导率均达80％～100％,但愈伤的质地却有很大的不同,以5．0mg／L6-BA＋0．1mg／LNAA和0．5mg／LIAA＋1.5mg／L6-BA效果较好,其中0．5mg／LIAA＋1．5mg／L6BA可直接诱导出不定芽,诱导率高达82．61％;AgNO3对愈伤组织的分化起着重要的作用,以0．1mg／LNAA＋3．0mg／L6-BA＋2．0mg／LAg—NO3分化的效果最好,分化频率高达76％;最佳的生根培养基为1／2MS＋0．5mg／LIBA,生根率可达100％．     

2,4-D和6-BA对水稻愈伤组织培养力的影响

以梗稻“日本晴”成熟种子诱导愈伤组织,统计愈伤诱导率及绿苗分化率,分析培养基中2,4-D和6-BA的不同浓度配比对培养力的影响,得到二者的最适配比,愈伤组织的质量和组织培养中再生植株的频率都有较大提高．实验结果表明：2,4-D是诱导愈伤组织必不可少的因子,与6-BA配合使用对愈伤组织的培养效果更好．对“日本晴”而言,当2,4-D为2．0mg／L,6-BA为0．5mg／L时愈伤组织的诱导率最高;当2,4-D为2．0mg／L,6-BA为0．2mg／L时,绿苗分化率和培养力最高．     

籼稻不育系中A完善再生系统的研究

以籼稻不育系中A的种子为外植体，探讨了培养基配方、外源激素、营养物等对其愈伤组织诱导和绿苗分化的影响。结果表明，在NB培养基中添加2．5mg／L2，4-D以及脯氨酸、水解酪蛋白、山梨醇等营养物有利于提高籼稻中A的愈伤诱导率，添加外源激素3．0mg／L的6-BA和0．5mg／L的NAA有利于提高其分化率，添加0．1mg／LNAA可以使生根率达到100％。由此初步建立了籼稻中A的高效再生系统，为其遗传转化的顺利进行奠定了基础。     

美洲商陆高频再生体系的建立

美洲商陆为商陆科多年生草本植物,在工业、农业和医药上具有很高的应用价值.本实验拟从外植体选择、激素组合、GA3和AgNO3等物质应用角度进行试验,分析各条件对愈伤组织诱导,不定芽分化、伸长以及不定根诱导等方面的影响,旨在构建美洲商陆稳定高效的再生体系.实验结果表明:愈伤组织诱导和不定芽分化的最适外植体为茎节;将无菌苗的上部经诱导培养基转接、壮苗后,再取茎节进行愈伤组织诱导和不定芽分化,可以显著提早不定芽分化、提高芽增殖系数;不定芽诱导分化最佳培养基为MS+6-BA(3.0 mg/L)+NAA(0.01 mg/L)+TDZ(0.02 mg/L),增殖系数达12.7;不定芽伸长的最佳培养基为MS+TDZ(0.02 mg/L)+6-BA(3.0 mg/L)+NAA(0.01 mg/L)+GA3(2.0 mg/L);生根最佳培养基为1/2MS+NAA(0.4 mg/L),生根率可达91.7%以上.AgNO3处理抑制了美洲商陆不定芽的分化.     

紫草的组织培养及快速繁殖研究

以紫草的嫩茎为材料,进行了愈伤组织的诱导、愈伤组织的分化、不定芽的生根和生根继代、试管苗的移栽和移植的研究,建立起紫草嫩茎的无性系,达到了快速繁殖的目的．结果表明：MS＋BA0.5mg／L＋NAA1.8mg／L是诱导嫩茎形成具有分化能力愈伤组织的理想培养基;MS＋AgNO31.5mg／L＋BA0.3mg／L＋NAA0.1mg／L是愈伤组织和不定芽分化的理想培养基;1／3MS＋IAA0.4mg／L是试管苗生根培养的理想培养基;移植后试管苗保持了野生植株的各种生物性状,后期出现了生长旺盛、根系发达的特点．     

激素质量浓度及不同培养方式对马铃薯愈伤组织的诱导

以马铃薯幼茎为供试材料,通过在液体和固体的MS培养基中分别添加植物激素NAA和6-BA,进行愈伤组织诱导.实验结果表明,无论激素是添加在液体培养基还是固体培养基中,愈伤组织诱导率都随着NAA质量浓度的增加先升高后降低,液体培养基中愈伤组织最佳诱导率是77.78%（NAA2.5 mg/L＋6-BA0.5mg/L）;固体培养基中愈伤组织最佳诱导率是100.00%（NAA3.5mg/L＋6-BA0.5mg/L）.并且,固体培养基中添加激素的诱导率普遍高于液体培养基中添加激素的诱导率,表明液体培养基中添加激素的方式不能提高马铃薯的愈伤组织诱导.6-BA对马铃薯愈伤组织的诱导影响没有NAA显著.本文还对马铃薯未分化愈伤组织及分化出不定根的愈伤组织进行扫描电镜观察.     

大叶饲料槐高频再生体系建立及试管苗工厂化生产

通过叶片外植体愈伤组织诱导和直接不定芽再生途径,建立了大叶饲料槐的高频再生系统,采用正交试验筛选出愈伤组织最适诱导培养基为;MS附加0．5mg／L 6-BA和1．0mg／L NAA;愈伤组织分化最适培养基为：MS附加2．0mg／L 6-BA和0．2mg／L NAA。叶片外植体直接分化最适培养基为：MS附加2．0mg／L 6-BA和0．1mg／L NAA;试管苗在1／2MS附加0．2mg／L IBA、0．1mg／L NAA和2g／L AC的培养基上生根率高达100％,移栽成活率达90％,从而实现了大叶饲料槐的工厂化生产．     

腐胺促进棉花胚性愈伤组织分化的初步研究

为了利用多胺促进棉花体细胞胚胎发生,提高农杆菌介导的棉花遗传转化效率,本研究以4个陆地棉品种新陆早33号(L33)、新陆早36号(L36)、新彩棉7号(C7)、豫早1号(Y1)为试验材料,下胚轴在附加有0.1 mg/L2,4-D和0.1 mg/L KT的MSB培养基中培养4周后,分别继代到附加了1 mmol/L腐胺(Put)、1 mmol/L D-精氨酸(D-Arg)和对照的3种分化培养基中培养4周后,记录愈伤组织的增殖和分化情况。结果表明:D-Arg可以显著抑制愈伤组织增殖,4个品种都表现出严重的褐化,而附加Put则能够一定程度地促进愈伤组织的增殖。在胚性愈伤组织分化方面,D-Arg处理后L33和L36均未见分化,C7和Y1分别为对照处理的49.38%和324%;而经Put处理后,所有品种的胚性愈伤组织分化率均表现为提高,其中Y1和L33的胚性愈伤组织分化率提高了3倍多。此外,内源多胺含量测定发现,施加外源腐胺和D-Arg之后愈伤组织的多胺含量发生明显变化,可能与后期胚性愈伤组织分化有关。因此,多胺在促进棉花胚性愈伤组织分化方面发挥重要作用。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that