一种跟踪参考输出的加热炉温控系统

提出了加热炉广义对象模型概念和一种跟踪参考输出的模糊自适应控制方案,以及最佳炉温工艺曲线专家系统构成及根据产品质量模糊评价的概念,系统仿真证明了上述方案的有效性。     

火灾模拟实验智能测控系统

按国际标准ISO834升温特性, 针对火灾模拟实验炉开发了一套火灾模拟实验过程智能测控系统. 该系统包含带智能通信的多路温度采集、带主元分析神经网络炉温数据融合、炉温智能PID控制等多种智能信息处理技术. 智能通信同时拥有RS-485串行和EPP并行接口, 保证了所采集的多路温度数据的实时性;采用带主元分析和RBF神经网络的炉温数据融合模型使炉温估计精度比采用常规的最小二乘方法所得的拟合精度明显提高;采用智能PID控制则使炉膛的实际升温曲线符合ISO834国际标准升温要求.     

电阻炉温度控制系统的设计与实现

设计和实现了一种采用工控机与温度模块、PWM输出卡、固态继电器及相关控制电路搭建的计算机电阻炉温度控制系统。该系统以PWM方式对执行器件（固态继电器）进行调节,实现了对电阻炉温度的精确控制。根据电阻炉升温单向性、大惯性、纯滞后的特点,改进了PID控制算法,采用分段PID结合积分分离或积分削弱算法的控制方案,实现了对电阻炉温度的大范围的连续调节,满足了复杂热处理工艺对温度的控制精度和控制规律的需要。     

罩式退火炉微机自适应群控系统

轧辊退火过程中,其炉温控制精度和炉内温度场的均匀度对轧辊退火质量有明显的影响。太原钢铁公司轧辊厂罩式退火炉的原炉温控制系统采用常规PID调节仪表,其炉温控制偏差超过±10℃,炉内温度场不均匀度在±12℃以上,离工艺规定指标(温差±5℃,温度场不均匀度±10℃)有较大差距。为了进一步提高轧辊退火质量,研制了“罩式退火炉微机自适应群控系统”。该系统将现代控制理论中的自适应控制与微机技术相结合,实现了三座退火炉炉温的微机群控。 本系统采用了两种不同的自适应控制算法。一种是PID自校正调节器,把对象处理     

工业炉窑交叉限幅燃烧优化控制

本文从系统结构软硬件设计等方面介绍了工业炉窑温度的微机控制系统.该系统采用以8088微处理器为核心的双回路智能调节器,实现了对炉温等8路工艺参数的数据采集和对煤气、空气配比调节及窑尾负压的控制,无论在系统硬件上还是软件设计上都保证了系统的可靠性和稳定性,实现了分时操体、实时控制的工艺要求。     

基于LabVIEW的流水线炉温控制系统设计

控制系统采用模块化的程序设计思想,以生产流水线加热温控系统、WAGO-I/O-SYSTEM、PC机为硬件配置,以LabVIEW为软件开发平台,模拟工件预热、高温、冷却3个阶段,编程实现了温度的实时显示、历史曲线显示、炉温PID控制以及温度超限报警、手动/自动控制的切换等功能。并进一步整定了炉膛PID参数。测试结果表明,该炉温控制系统测量精度较高、安全可靠、界面友好易于操作,而且可扩展性强。本系统针对实验教学改革,适用于开展大学生课外科技活动、拓展实践能力。     

锅炉加热系统的FUZZY—PID控制

根据锅炉系统的炉温实验数据及其工作原理,建立了加热系统的数学模型,并针对该系统的大延迟和模型不确定性,将FUZZY—PID控制引入到锅炉系统的炉温控制中。理论分析和仿真结果表明,应用这种方法设计出的锅炉加热系统,在响应速度和稳态精度方面均优于单一的FUZZY及PID控制。该研究具有一定的使用价值,为FUZZY—PID控制锅炉加热系统中的应用打下了理论基础。     

可编程和可记忆的炉温实时控制系统

本系统通过Z-80CPU中央微处理器及A/D、CTC等外围接口电路,利用热电偶进行温度检测,由毫伏放大环节及A/D转换器输入采样信号。微处理器将采样信号与给定温升曲线相比较,经过运算对炉温进行跟随控制,并随时显示现场炉温。 一、硬件设计 该系统灵活地利用具有定时和计数功能的CTC芯片来控制晶闸管导通角及采样周期,以直接产生晶闸管的触发脉冲信号,此外,对热电偶的微弱信号处理不是采用传统的温度变送器,而是利用精密运算放大器构成放大环节,以硬件处理方式将8位A/D转换精度     

单片机在电阻炉温度控制中的应用

本文介绍一个典型的炉温微机控制系统。系统由８０３１单片机、可控硅调功器和双向可控硅的过零触发控制电路组成。控制系统的算法采用ＰＩＤ的增量控制算式。采用该系统，可提高炉温的控制精度。     

沸腾燃烧锅炉炉温自动控制系统

沸腾燃烧锅炉是近几年来我国化工生产中广泛使用、节煤增产效果显著的一种新型锅炉,但因其炉温难以控制,因而经常发生熄火结焦现象,降低了锅炉效率。为此,我们研制了一套沸腾炉炉温自动控制系统。本文介绍了该系统的工作原理。两年多的运行表明,该系统工作可靠,效果好。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that