恰有两个除式的Euclid环的构造

一个含有非单位元的欧氏环(D,δ),如果对于任意的a,b∈D且b≠0,a≠qb,恰有两个除式,即恰有q_i,r_i∈D(i=1,2)使得a=q_ib+r_i且δ(r_i)<δ(b),那么这种欧氏环叫做恰有两个除式的欧氏环。 显然,Z是恰有两个除式的欧氏环。本文证明了 定理 恰有两个除式的Euclid环同构于Z。     

α-可逆环的一点注记(英文)

设α是环R的自同态。称环R为右α-可逆环,如果对任意的a,b∈R若ab=0,则bα(a)=0.本文讨论了α-可逆环,α-刚性环,可逆环和弱α-Skew Armendariz环的关系。设R是可逆环和右α-可逆环,证明了:(1)R是弱α-Skew Armendariz环;(2)对任意的正整数n, R[x] /(xn)是弱α-Skew Armendariz环;(3)若αt=1R,则R[x;α]是弱Armendariz环.     

关于广义morphic环和伪morphic环的注记

R称为左广义morphic环,若对每个a∈R,存在b,c∈R使得l(a)=Rb,l(b)=Rc。R称为左伪morphic环,若对任意的a∈R,存在b,c∈R使得Ra=l(b),Rb=l(c),其中l(a),l(b),l(c)表示R中元素a,b,c的左零化子。本文主要研究广义morphic环和伪morphic环的部分性质,通过例子说明某些结论的逆命题不成立。反例,设R是环,n≥0,R[x]/(xn+1)是左广义morphic环,则R是左广义morphic环,反之不成立。     

n阶非线性两点奇异边值问题单调正解的存在性

利用锥拉伸与压缩不动点定理,讨论n阶奇异边值问题{x(n)(t)+λα(t)f(t,x(t))=0,t∈(a,b),x(a)=x″(a)=…=x(n-1)(a)=0,x′(b)=0非减正解的存在性,其中λ>0是常数,α∈C((a,b),R+), f∈C([a,b]×(0,∞),R+),R+是正实数集,α(t)可以在t=a,b 处奇异,f(t,s)可以在s=0处奇异.     

广义可逆环

设R是环,环R的自同态α称为可逆的,如果对任意a,b∈R,若ab=0,则α(b)a=0.环R称为α-可逆环,如果R存在可逆的自同态α.本文将可逆环的结论推广到α-可逆环上,另外证明了斜幂级数环(简单地记为sps环)和Armendariz环的推广α-sps Armendariz环R[[x;α]]的Baer性和右p.p.性.     

非线性两点边值问题的对称正解

利用锥的不动点指数定理,讨论了以下非线性两点边值问题-x″(t)+2ρx(t)=f(x(t)),t∈(0,1),αx(0)-βx(′0)=0,γx(1)+δx′(1)=0,的正解.其中f∈C(R+,R+),ρ>0,α,β,γ,δ≥0,(α+β)(γ+δ)>0,且αδ=βγ.     

一类二阶广义Sturm-Liouville积分边值问题的可解性

设f:[0,1]×R2→R满足Caratheodory条件,a,b,e∈L1[0,1],利用Leray Schauder原理,获得了边值问题:xn=f(t,x(t),x′(t))+e(t),t∈(0,1),αx(0)-βx′(0)=∫01 a(t)dt,γx(1)+δx′(1)=∫01 b(t)x(t)dt,解的存在性.     

关于环R[D,C]的伪morphic性

R称为左伪morphic环,若对任意的a∈R,存在b,c∈R使得Ra=l(b),Rb=l(c),其中l(b),l(c)表示R中元素b且c的左零化子.本文主要研究R[D,C]环的伪morphic性,证明了环R[D,C]是左伪morphic的当仅当(1)D是左伪morphic环;(2)对任意的x∈C,存在y∈C使得Cx=lC(y),Dx=lD(y).受文[2]的启发,定义了左[D,C]-伪morphic元,并研究了这类元素的性质.     

一类二次系统存在极限环的充分条件

平面二次系统(Ⅱ)类方程的形式为(dx)/(dt)=-y+δx+lx~2+mxy+ny~2,(dy)/(dt)=x(1+ax),(a≠0). (1)系统(1)只有一个奇点的充要条件为 n=0,m=-a,l-aδ≠0,这时,(Ⅱ)类方程化为(dx)/(dt)=-y+δx+lx~2-axy,(dy)/(dt)=x+(1+ax),(a≠0).(2)本文给出系统(2)存在极限环的一个充分条件.定理:若 alδ>0,|δ|<|l/a|<1,则系统(2)至少存在一个极限环.定理:若 alδ>0,|δ|<|l/a|<1,则系统(2)至少存在一个极限环.证明:定理的条件包括以下四种情况:(i)a>0,l>0,0<δ0,l<0,-1相似文献   

结合环的约当微商

设R是一个结合环,满足由2x=0,x∈R,可推出x=0,N是R的一个非零理,D_1,D_2是R的二个约当微商,使D_1(N)和D_2(N)分别含有R的一个交换子正则元,且对任意a,b∈N,都有D_1(a)D_2(b)=D_2(b)D_1(a),则R是交换环。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the