固氮鱼腥藻_Anabaena_azotica_Ley_HB686_氢酶的催化性质

固氮鱼腥藻氢酶具有催化分子氢双向可逆反应的能力，其吸氢反应的最佳电子受体为ＭＢ、放氢反应的最佳电子供体为ＭＶ，吸氢活性与放氢活性的比率为１８．６，此氢酶催化吸氢反应的最适ｐＨ值为７．４，放氢为ｐＨ６．０．在２３～５０℃氢酶的催化活性基本稳定．高离子强度、ＮａＣｌ使氢酶活性降低，ＣＯ和Ｃ２Ｈ２对氢酶活力有抑制作用．     

产酸克雷伯氏菌氢酶分离提纯与特性的初步研究

采用硫酸铵沉淀和柱层析 (DEAE-Sepharose F.F., Sephacryl S-200, TSK-DEAE)初步分离纯化了产酸克雷伯氏菌(Klebsiella oxytoca)HP1可溶性氢酶,研究了温度、pH值、电子载体等对氢酶催化放氢活性的影响.研究表明,可溶性氢酶催化放氢的最适温度为30℃,催化放氢的最适pH值为7.5,甲基紫晶(MV)是氢酶催化放氢的最适人工电子载体,氧对氢酶催化活性有较大的抑制作用.     

光合细菌Chromatium vinosum可溶性氢酶的某些理化性质

光合细菌Chromatium vinosum含有一种可溶性氢酶和一种膜结合态氢酶。在培养基中加入终浓度为1μmol/L的Se,细胞中可溶性氢酶的含量增加1.7倍。C.vinosum可溶性氢酶可以利用甲基紫精、苄基紫精和细胞色素C为电子载体催化吸氢与放氢,但不能利用NAD,NADH,NADP和NADPH等进行催化放氢和吸氢。可溶性氢酶易被CO所抑制,在反应系统中加入终浓度为2.5μmol/L的CO时,可抑制氢酶最大放氢活性的一半。与C.vinosum膜结合态氢酶相比,可溶性氢酶较易被胰蛋白酶降解而使氢酶催化吸氢和放氢的活性降低。     

螺旋藻放氢与能量供应关系的初步研究

通过暗处理消耗螺旋藻细胞内积存的可供放氢的能源,然后外加不同的呼吸基质。了解到处于暗饥饿状态的螺旋藻可以利用不同基质维持放氢。蔗糖等基质可使放氢活性恢复到暗饥饿前充足照光时的水平,乙酰基和酮戊二酸的恢复效果较差。藻细胞利用不同基质支持的放氢活性还受反应系统中氧浓度的影响,当氧浓度超过10%时,放氢活性差不多被完全抑制。在不同的基质存在和光照条件下,由藻细胞提取得的ATP 浓度有一定差异,这种差异与放氢活性似乎有一定的对应关系,表明蓝藻的放氢活性在适宜放氢的条件下,可能还受藻细胞内ATP 水平的影响。     

花生根瘤菌在自生条件下固氮和吸氢相关性

花生根瘤菌x_(-1)菌株在自生条件下和合适的培养基中,可诱导固氮酶及氢酶的活性,固氮酶反应产生的H_2(内源H_2)能直接诱导氢酶,氢酶活性表达的时间进程是在固氮反应之后,在外源H_2的存在下,固氮酶和氢酶则可同时表达,不同有机碳化合物对固氮酶与氢酶的影响不同,丙酮酸明显提高固氮活性,但对氨酶没有促进作用,蔗糖对固氮活性没有促进作用但对吸氢表现促进作用,分子H_2明显提高固氮活性,2.4-二硝基苯酚抑制需H_2的固氮活性,在外源H_2存在下其抑制作用更明显,铵抑制固氮酶的形成、固氮酶受铵抑制时氢酶也相应受到抑制。     

大豆和花生根瘤菌氢酶的研究

根瘤菌在共生固氮过程中因放H2所消耗的能量约占固所氮总能量的40%-6%。吸氢酶则能回收和利用固氮过程所放的H2,养活能量损失,从而提高共生固氮效率。在厌氧条件下,加入防止酶蛋白聚合的试剂,利用DEAE-纤维素和Sephacry S-200柱层析,从自养性大豆根瘤菌和花生根瘤菌类菌体中分离并提纯膜结合态氢酶。纯化的两种氢酶表现相近的分子特征：均含有大（60kD,65kD)、小（30kD,35kD)两个亚基,均为NiFe-氢酶,并且有较高的吸H2活性。大豆根瘤菌氢酶的纯酶组分不含Cyt b599。花生根瘤菌L8-3菌株能进行化能自养生长,诱导出高吸H2活性。根瘤菌的吸H2能明显提高固氮活性。从具有高吸H2活性的花生根瘤菌中分离并克隆吸氢基因,采用PCR和探针杂交技术,获得含有吸氢基因的质粒pZ-55。利用多种限制性内切酶构建了质粒pZ-55的物理图谱。通过三亲本杂交,将含吸氢基因的重组质粒转移到不吸H2的花生和毛豆根瘤菌中,所获得的结合株在自生和共生条件下均表达吸H2活性。以结合株接种大田花生,获得的共生根瘤的吸H2活性比接种受体株提高4倍,花生叶片和种子的含N量、产量分别提高1.7%、8.9%和9.6%。     

厌氧条件下扁藻破碎方法及其对氢酶活性的影响

为了分离纯化亚心型扁藻(Platymonas subcordiformis)体内的可溶性氢酶,研究了在厌氧环境下藻细胞的破碎方法,以及各种破碎条件对氢酶活性的影响.实验结果表明,使用超声法在输出功率为400 W、超声为5 S、间歇为10 S、工作20次的条件下,破碎细胞后溶液中总蛋白含量最高,可达2.73 g/L珠磨法和体积分数为0.2%的Triton X-100法破碎的鲜细胞的氢酶提取效率较高,分别为1.44 U/g和1.27 U/g,其中使用Triton X-100法破碎后的粗提液所含其他蛋白的种类较少.实验的最终目的是获得足够量的氢酶进行下一步纯化,因此Triton X-100法是最合适的方法.     

螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis)放氢的研究

螺旋藻含有可逆性氢酶,在合适的条件下能催化放氢．研究表明：当培养基的ｐＨ值为８．５～９．５,气相氧浓度为１％的条件时,能使螺旋藻放氢达到最大效率．外加葡萄糖、蔗糖有利于放氢,葡萄糖、蔗糖的最适浓度为０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,而ａ－酮戊二酸、柠檬酸等对螺旋藻的放氢没有促进作用．     

螺旋藻放氢的研究

螺旋藻含有可逆性氢酶，在合适的条件下能催化放氢。研究表明：当培养基的ｐＨ值为８．５￣９．５，气相氧浓度为１％的条件时，能使螺旋藻放氢达到最大效率。外加葡萄糖、蔗糖有利于放氢，葡萄糖，蔗糖的最适浓度为０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，而α－酮戊二酸，柠檬酸等对螺旋藻的放氢没有促进作用。     

固氮鱼腥藻HB686固氮_放氢与谷氨酰胺合成酶的关系

固氮鱼腥藻HB686(Anabaena azotica HB686)的固氮和放氢被氨抑制与蛋氨酸砜亚胺(MSX)解除氨抑制的作用呈平行关系.谷氨酰胺能抑制固氮和放氢,而对谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)和吸氢酶却有激活作用.固氮血腥藻在Mg~(2+)介质中的乙炔还原活性和放氢量皆比在Mn~(2+)介质中的高,而GS的活性则相反.不同波长的光照射对固氮、放氢和GS活性有不同的影响.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that