物理场的团簇识别与分析技术

复杂构型和物理场的理解与规律提取一直是个难点.该文提供了一种团簇识别和分析技术,用于各类实验或模拟研究中的数据处理和分析.主要算法如下：采用离散点构造面元或体元以分割粒子所在空间;根据物理场的特征合并相同或相似性质的元,从而获得反映物理场特征的团簇结构.在算法中,对空间物体（点、线、面、体、团簇等）统一采用分级树数据管理结构,实现了对空间物体的两种快速搜索,搜索算法复杂性约化到.空间多级树的建立方法及快速搜索算法是通用的,不依赖于空间维数,可以方便地推广应用于其他领域.作为应用实例,我们将该方法应用到二维和三维随机数据处理,验证了该方法的准确性和可靠性.     

用密度泛函方法研究中性小银团簇的几何结构

采用密度泛函的广义梯度近似(GGA)下的BLYP方法,对中性Agn(n=2～12)团簇的几何结构进行了优化,结果表明,Ag2～Ag6团簇为平面结构,从Ag7团簇开始出现三维立体结构,同时发现三角形和畸变的五角双锥为中性银团簇结构的生长基础.     

氧化锌小团簇笼与环结构的转换

用梯度修正密度泛函(DFT)研究氧化锌团簇(ZnO)n(n=2~9)的结构生长序列,发现小的团簇(n=2~7)环结构是最稳定的,对较大的团簇(n=8,9)三维笼和管结构在能量上是优先的,笼(管)结构相互竞争,两种结构在全域极小中交替出现.结果表明ZnO小团簇的环-笼结构的转换交叉点是n=8.     

网格法在参数化曲面造型中的应用

分析了使用网格法参数化绘制已知曲面方程三维曲面图形的方法.该方法的优点是在绘制三维空间曲面时,可以方便地使用有关参数对三维空间曲面图形进行控制.这在很大程度上增强了计算机辅助设计系统的三维造型功能,对于不易直接用计算机辅助设计系统绘制但又已知曲面方程的三维空间曲面,都可以利用网格法准确、快速、方便地进行参数化造型.     

NaB5Hn团簇的几何结构与电子性质的理论研究

使用密度泛函理论(DFT)的杂化密度泛函B3LYP方法在6-311-g(d)基组水平上对NaB5Hn团簇各种可能的构型进行几何结构优化,预测了各团簇的最稳定结构:并对最稳定结构的平均结合能(Eb),二阶能量差分(Δ2E)和能隙(Eg)等进行了理论研究:结果表明,随着氢原子数的增加,NaB5Hn团簇的结构由平面转变为复杂的三维立体结构,当氢原子数小于4时,簇的结构为平面构型,其他所有的团簇都是三维立体结构;NaB5Hn团簇的平均结合能、二阶差分能和能隙等均表现出明显的"奇-偶"振荡和"幻数"效应;NaB5H8,NaB5H12,NaB5H 18和NaB5H20团簇稳定性大于NaB5Hn中的其他团簇,为NaB5Hn团簇中最稳定的几种团簇.     

W_n与W_nN(n=1～5)团簇的结构与稳定性

用杂化密度泛函B3LYP方法结合6-311++G**和LANL2DZ赝势基组计算了Wn和WnN(n=1～5)团簇的稳定结构.讨论了纯Wn团簇和N原子掺杂到纯Wn团簇中后团簇构型的变化特点以及随着团簇尺寸的增加团簇结构及物理性质的变化规律.     

Au19团簇热力学特性的微观分析

利用经典微正则系综分子动力学,采用Gupta原子间作用势,对非晶结构的19个金原子团簇的热力学特性进行了研究.通过计算团簇内原子时间平均势能的特性以及对团簇瞬时结构的分析发现,团簇的融化过程较对称团簇具有一些新的特征,团簇的融化过程可以分为多个过程.第1阶段的融化涉及团簇表面多个原子(14个原子),其余(4个)原子则处于准固态;第2阶段涉及表面全部原子,但此时有2个位置原子逗留时间较长;第3阶段表面的原子全部开始了快速的换位;第4阶段产生了包括团簇内部原子在内的结构异构化过程.由此,导致了团簇的卡路里曲线、相对均方根键长涨落和热容量的一些新的变化.     

基于密度泛函理论对AgAun团簇结构及电子性质的研究

从第一性原理出发,利用密度泛函理论中广义梯度近似对AgAun(n=1～8)团簇几何结构和电子结构进行分析,得到了AgAun团簇最低能量结构及亚稳态结构.结果表明,当2≤n≤7时,AgAun团簇的基态结构为平面结构,可通过较小的团簇边戴帽一个原子生长而得,n=8是AgAun二元团簇由二维结构转变为三维结构的临界尺寸.综合AgAun团簇基态的平均结合能、二阶能量差分、垂直电离势及最高占据分子轨道与最低未占据分子轨道之间的能隙分析可知,n为奇数的AgAun团簇的稳定性相对较高,并且AgAu5团簇的稳定性表现突出.     

基于密度泛函理论对AgAu_n团簇结构及电子性质的研究

从第一性原理出发,利用密度泛函理论中广义梯度近似对AgAun(n=1～8)团簇几何结构和电子结构进行分析,得到了AgAun团簇最低能量结构及亚稳态结构.结果表明,当2≤n≤7时,AgAun团簇的基态结构为平面结构,可通过较小的团簇边戴帽一个原子生长而得,n=8是AgAun二元团簇由二维结构转变为三维结构的临界尺寸.综合AgAun团簇基态的平均结合能、二阶能量差分、垂直电离势及最高占据分子轨道与最低未占据分子轨道之间的能隙分析可知,n为奇数的AgAun团簇的稳定性相对较高,并且AgAu5团簇的稳定性表现突出.     

预测Au_（13-75）团簇基态结构的启发式算法

针对具有NP难度的团簇结构预测问题,提出启发式求解算法——TP-ISDO作算法.该算法包括两阶段局部搜索、内部操作、表面操作和扰动操作.利用TP-ISDO算法预测了Aun（13≤n≤75）团簇的基态结构,其中Au团簇采用Sutton-Chen势能函数模型描述.实验结果表明,该算法能快速地得到Aun（13≤n≤75）团簇的当前已知最低能量结构.特别是对于Au58团簇,得到了两种新构型,这两种构型都是10面体结构,它们的势能值分别为-15648.5689和-15648.8754能量单位,小于当前已知的最低势能值.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that